Glossary for Hematuria

• Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease: Kidney disease causing kidney cysts.
• Acute urinary conditions: An acute condition that occurs in the urinary system
• Alport Syndrome: A rare hereditary disorder involving the progressive deterioration of parts of the kidney resulting in chronic kidney disease.
• Alport syndrome with leukocyte inclusions and macrothrombocytopenia: A rare condition characterized by the presence of large blood platelets, kidney inflammation, deafness and abnormal leukocytes. End-stage kidney disease occurs in about a third of patients and tends to occur during the 3rd and 4th decades of life.
• Alveolar Hydatid Disease: Rare multi-organ tapeworm infection caught from animals.
• Angiomyolipoma: A rare, benign growth that usually occurs in the kidney. It is usually asymptomatic unless it becomes large or starts bleeding. It is usually associated with tuberous sclerosis.
• Atrophic vaginitis: Type of vaginitis usually related to aging and menopause
• Autoimmune Hemophilia: Hemophilia caused by an autoimmune reaction
• Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia: Autoimmune disorder causing a lack of blood platelets.
• Autoimmune Vasculitis: A inflammation of the blood vessels caused by an autoimmune reaction
• Autoimmune diseases: A group of disorders in which the primary cause is the an inflammatory reaction caused by the body's own immune system attacking tissues
• Autoimmune orchitis: A inflammation of the testicles caused by an autoimmune reaction
• Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: Genetic kidney disease causing kidney cysts.
• Benign familial hematuria: A rare inherited kidney disorder characterized by periods of blood in the urine. The kidney is still able to function normally.
• Bladder Cancer: Bladder cancer refers to any of several types of malignant growths of the urinary bladder. It is a disease in which abnormal cells multiply without control in the bladder.
• Bladder conditions: Any condition affecting the bladder
• Bladder symptoms: Symptoms related to the bladder and urination.
• Bleeding and coagulation conditions:
• Bleeding disorders: Any disorder leading to bleeding or bruising.
• Blood conditions: Conditions that affect the blood
• Blood in urine: Hematuria is blood in the urine.
• Bloody ejaculation: Blood appearing in the ejaculate after male ejaculation
• Chronic interstitial nephritis:
• Ciclosporin -- Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Ciclosporin (an immunosuppressant drug) during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Copperhead snake poisoning: The Copperhead snake is a poisonous snake found mainly in parts of North America. The toxicity of the poison varies among species but some species are extremely poisonous and readily result in death if the patient is not treated.
• Crotalidae snake poisoning: Crotalids are snakes from the Crotalidae family. This group of snakes includes rattlesnakes which are usually found in America. These snakes are easily identified by the "rattle" at the tip of their tails. The toxicity of the venom can vary among species but some can result in death if prompt treatment is not given.
• Cystitis: Bladder infection or inflammation
• Dark urine: A dark discolouration of the urine.
• Defibrination syndrome: The generation of fibrin in the blood and consumption of pro-coagulants and platelets occurring in complications of obstetrics
• Dengue fever: An acute viral disease characterized by fever, rash and myalgia and caused by a flavivirus which is transmitted by mosquitoes.
• Dicoumarol -- Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Dicoumarol during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Endocarditis: Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
• Enlarged prostate: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland that may restrict the flow of urine from the bladder.
• Eosinophilic cystitis: Eosinophilic cystitis is an unusual variant of cystitis that may be characterized by dysuria and hematuria. Biopsy is essential to establish the diagnosis. It usually causes irritative voiding symptoms and hematuria and in its rare tumor-like appearance the disease may mimic an invasive bladder neoplasm.
• Exercise symptoms: Symptoms related to or triggered by exercise
• Fabry's Disease: Genetic fat storage disorder
• Fechtner syndrome: A rare condition characterized by the presence of large blood platelets, kidney inflammation, deafness and abnormal leukocytes.
• Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia: A rare, potentially life-threatening disorder where the mother's blood platelets are incompatible with that of the fetus and the mother's antibodies cross the placenta and destroy fetal platelets.
• Glomerulonephritis: Kidney disease where the kidney's have problems removing waste material and excessive fluid.
• Goodpasture's syndrome: A condition which is characterized by glomerulonephritis and pulmonary hemorrhage with circulating antibodies against basement membranes.
• Hematuria: Blood in the urine
• Hemophilia: Blood disease usually genetic causing failure to clot.
• Hemorrhage: Bleeding of any type (especially when referring to severe bleeding)
• Human carcinogen -- Cyclophosphamide: Cyclophosphamide is a chemical deemed to be carcinogenic to humans. The carcinogenicity of the substance may be influenced by the nature (e.g. inhalation, ingestion, skin contact), duration and level of exposure. Cyclophosphamide exposure is associated mainly with an increased risk of developing leukemia.
• Hydronephrosis: Swollen kidneys from retained urine
• IgA nephropathy: A rare disorder where kidney inflammation leads to a build up of the antibody (IgA) in the kidney which results in the characteristic symptom of blood in the urine.
• Infection: Infections as a symptom.
• Infective endocarditis: The infection and inflammation of the inner heart layers, especially the valves. The infection is usually bacterial. The condition carries a high risk of death.
• Injury: Any damage inflicted in the body
• Interstitial nephritis: A condition which is characterized by disease of the renal interstitial tissue
• Kidney Cancer: Cancer that forms in tissues of the kidneys
• Kidney conditions: Any condition affecting the kidney organs.
• Kidney disease: Reduced kidney function from various causes.
• Kidney stones: Kidney stones are solid deposits of salts (e.g calcium) from the urine. These deposits can impair the passage of urine that has the potential to result in infection and kidney damage or failure in severe cases.
• Legionnaires' disease: A severe respiratory disease which is caused by the Legionella pneumophila bacteria. The condition can result in pneumonia and can be life-threatening.
• Leukemia: Cancer of the blood cells, usually white blood cells.
• Malaria: A parasitic disease transmitted through mosquito bites.
• Malignant hypertension: Malignant hypertension is a condition characterized by very high blood pressure and swelling of the optic nerve. This type of hypertension is more common in people with kidney problems such as narrowed kidney blood vessels. The condition is a medical emergency which can cause organ damage if not treated promptly.
• Medullary Sponge Kidney: A rare inherited disorder where the tubes in the kidneys that collect urine are wider than normal.
• Metastatic prostate cancer: Advanced prostate cancer results from any combination of lymphatic, blood, or contiguous local spread.
• Microscopic Polyangiitis: A condition which is characterized by inflammation of microscopic blood or lymph vessels
• Nail-Patella Syndrome: A rare inherited disorder characterized by small or absent kneecap and ridged and/or absent nails as well as other abnormalities
• Nephritis: Any type of kidney inflammation
• Nitrofurantoin -- Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Nitrofurantoin during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Oncocytoma, renal: A type of benign kidney tumor.
• Papillary renal cell carcinoma: A type of kidney tumor characterized by the development of finger-like projections in at least some of the tumor. It can be inherited in a familial pattern or occur sporadically.
• Pelvic fracture: A fracture in the bone of the pelvis
• Penis Cancer: A cancerous lesion that occurs on the penis
• Penis conditions: Any condition that affects the penis
• Phenprocoumon -- Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Phenprocoumon during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Pink urine: The occurrence of urine which is of a pink colour
• Polyarteritis nodosa: A serious blood vessel disease where small and medium-sized arteries become swollen and damaged and are unable to adequately supply oxygenated blood to various tissues in the body. The disease can occur in a mild form or a serious, rapidly fatal form.
• Polycystic kidney disease: Genetic kidney disease causing kidney cysts.
• Polyp: An growth or protrusion that extends from a mucous membrane
• Possible human carcinogenic exposure -- Phenolphthalein: Some evidence indicates that exposure to Phenolphthalein has a possible link to an increased risk of developing cancer in humans. The carcinogenicity of the substance may be influenced by the duration and level of exposure. Phenolphthalein is used primarily to make dyes and as an acid-base indicator
• Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis: Kidney complication (glomerulonephritis) following streptococcal infection
• Primary prostate cancer: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers among males and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in males.
• Prostate Cancer: Cancer of the prostate.
• Prostate conditions: Any condition affecting the prostate in men.
• Prostatic enlargement: increase in the size of the prostate gland
• Prostatitis: Prostatitis is an inflammation of the prostate gland, in men.
• Pyelonephritis: Kidney and ureter infection usually bacterial from the bladder.
• Red urine: Red color appearance of the urine
• Renal infarction: The death of an area of tissue in the kidney due to a localized lack of oxygen. Usually results from an interruption in the blood supply. The severity of the symptoms depends on how large the affected part of the kidney is. Small infarcts can produce virtually no symptoms. The condition is relatively uncommon and frequently misdiagnosed.
• Schistosomiasis: Parasitic fluke infection in developing countries
• Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Various diseases spread by sexual contact.
• Sickle Cell Anemia: Sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by red blood cells which are crescent-shaped rather than the normal doughnut shape. These abnormally shaped red blood cells are unable to function normally and tend to undergo premature destruction which leads to anemia. If the genetic defect which causes the condition is inherited from both parents the condition can be quite severe whereas if it is inherited from only one parent, often there are no symptoms. The abnormally shaped red blood cells can cause problems when they clump together and block blood vessels.
• Simple kidney cysts: Usually harmless kidney cysts appearing later in life.
• Stones: The formation of consolidations that are stone like in nature
• Thrombocytopenia: Decreased platelets in the blood
• Transitional cell carcinoma: A type of cancer that occurs in the lining of the urinary system organs (renal pelvis, bladder or ureter).
• Tuberculosis: Bacterial infection causing nodules forming, most commonly in the lung.
• Urachal cancer: A very rare cancer that occurs in the top of the urinary bladder. The urachus is a tube which joins the belly button to the top of the bladder. After birth, this tube gradually disappears and the amount remaining varies from person to person.
• Urachal cyst: A cyst which occurs in the remnants between the umbilicus and bladder
• Urban Schosser Spohn syndrome: A condition which is characterised by hereditary mucoepithelial dysplasia
• Ureter cancer: A malignancy that is located in the ureter
• Urethral cancer: A rare cancer that develops in the urethra which carries urine from the bladder to be excreted.
• Urethritis: Inflammation of the urethra
• Urinary disorders: Any disorder that affects the urinary system
• Urinary system cancer: A malignancy that affects the urinary system
• Urinary system conditions: Medical conditions affecting urination, urinary organs or the urinary system.
• Urinary tract infections: Infection of the urinary system; usually bacterial.
• Urinary tract neoplasm: A tumor that develops anywhere along the urinary tract. The urinary tract includes the kidneys, urethra and ureters. The tumor may be malignant or benign.
• Urine color changes: Any change to the color of urine.
• Vaginal bleeding: Bleeding in or from the vagina.
• Vasculitis: Inflammation of a blood or lymph vessel
• Warfarin -- Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Warfarin during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Wilms' tumor: A malignant kidney tumor that occurs in children.
• Xanthic urolithiasis: The formation of xanthine crystals in the urine
• Xanthine oxydase deficiency: The deficiency of an enzyme that is involved in the degradation of purine
• Xanthinuria: A hereditary condition that is characterised by a disorder of purine metabolism
• Yellow fever: A viral infection transmitted by mosquito bites which can damage various organs such as the liver, heart, kidney and digestive tract.

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