Glossary for Lung conditions

AChR deficiency and short channel open time: Extremely rare condition characterized by respiratory insufficiency from birth, facial dysplasia and paralysis of eye muscles.
Accelerated silicosis: An occupation lung disease caused by breathing in silica dust over a long period of time. The lung damage becomes symptomatic and affects breathing and often causes weight loss as well.
Acrocephaly -- pulmonary stenosis -- mental retardation: A rare syndrome characterized by a pointy skull, narrowed pulmonary valve and mental retardation.
Acute Bronchitis: Respiratory inflammation of the bronchi leading to the lungs
Acute Interstitial Pneumonia: A relatively uncommon form of pneumonia that has no apparent cause. Symptoms tend to develop over a period of six months to one and a half years.
Acute Silicosis: An occupation lung disease caused by breathing in high levels of silica dust.
Acute lower respiratory conditions: An acute condition that occurs in the lower respiratory tract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Infant: A breathing disorder that occurs in infants. The underdeveloped lungs fail to functioning adequately and the body becomes deprived of oxygen. The condition is more likely to affect premature infants and the greater the prematurity, the greater the risk.
Adenocarcinoma of lung: A tumor that develops in the lining of the lung. The tumor is usually slow growing.
Adenocarcinoma of the lung: It is one of the main types of lung cancers. Adenocarcinoma of the lung arises from the secretory (glandular) cells located in the epithelium lining the bronchi.
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar: A form of lung cancer that develops in the bronchioles or alveoli.
Adult respiratory distress syndrome: Severe respiratory failure
Adult-onset asthma: Adult-onset asthma is a type of asthma that occurs during adulthood. Asthma involves constriction and inflammation of the airways. The severity of symptoms is variable. Allergies account for about half the cases of adult-onset asthma.
All Disease Categories: All major disease categories
Allergic asthma: Allergic asthma is one of the most common forms of asthma and is triggered by exposure to an allergen. Upon exposure to the allergen, the airways become constricted and inflamed which affects breathing. The severity of symptoms is variable. This form of asthma is more common in children than adults.
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: An allergic reaction to a particular fungus called Aspergillus.
Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency: A rare disorder characterized by the development of lung disease in adults and liver disease in adults and children.
Aluminium lung: A respiratory condition caused by breathing in aluminium containing substances such as aluminium ore or a grain preservative called aluminium phosphide.
Alveolar capillary dysplasia: The abnormal development of the lung blood vessels. The normal barrier across which air and blood can diffuse fails to develop properly. Death usually results within weeks of birth but rare cases can survive for months.
Alveolar cell carcinoma: It is a malignant cancer arising from the alveolar walls
Alveolar soft part sarcoma: A rare slow-growing malignant connective tissue tumor. The tumors occur most frequently in the arms and legs. The deep soft tissue of the thigh, tongue, eye orbit, and head and neck regions are also common sites. Metastasis is frequent with lung and brain being most common metastatic sites. Symptoms are determined by the location, size and stage of the tumor.
Alveolitis, extrinsic allergic: A lung disease that tends to occur in people with jobs where they are frequently exposed to organic dust inhalation.
Analgesic asthma syndrome: Asthma caused by the use of pain-killing and anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin.
Ankylosis -- facial anomalies -- pulmonary hypoplasia syndrome: A rare familial syndrome characterized mainly by fused or stiff joints, facial anomalies and underdeveloped lungs.
Anophthalmia -- heart and pulmonary anomalies -- intellectual deficit: A rare disorder characterized by absent eyes, heart and lung anomalies and mental retardation.
Anophthalmia with pulmonary hypoplasia: A rare disorder characterized by absent or very small eyes and underdeveloped lung tissue.
Anthracosis: A condition characterized by the accumulation of carbon in the lungs caused by inhaled smoke or coal dust
Anthrax: A serious infectious bacterial disease that can be fatal.
Antisynthetase syndrome: A rare autoimmune disease that affects the muscles. It involves the development of antibodies to an enzyme (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase) which is involved in making proteins.
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita -- pulmonary hypoplasia: A rare congenital syndrome involving degeneration of the brain and spinal cord and characterized by facial, head, skeletal and muscular abnormalities. Reduced fetal activity causes many of the problems.
Aspergillus niger infection: A rare fungal infection that often causes a black mould to appear on some fruit and vegetables but may also infect humans through inhalation of fungal spores.
Aspirin-induced asthma: Aspirin-induced asthma refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that is triggered by the use of aspirin. A significant number of patients with aspirin-induced asthma also have steroid-dependant asthma where they require regular steroidal asthma medication to maintain normal lung functioning. The severity of symptoms is variable.
Asthma: Repeated attacks of breathing difficulty.
Asthma in Adults:
Asthma in Children:
Asthma in pregnancy: Asthma in pregnancy refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that is occurs during pregnancy. Women who are pregnancy may decide to stop taking their asthma medication in order to reduce the perceived risk of side effects to the developing fetus. The reality is that the potential harmful effects on the fetus are very small compared to the problems caused to mother and fetus if a severe asthma attack develops. Furthermore, uncontrolled asthma during pregnancy may also cause problems such as small birth weight or premature birth. Pregnant women should consult their physician in order to determine the optimal management of their condition. During pregnancy, asthma symptoms may become worse, improve or stay the same.
Asthma related cough: Cough-variant asthma is a type of asthma in which the main symptom is a dry, non-productive cough. Cough-variant asthma is sometimes called chronic cough to describe a cough that has lasted longer than six to eight weeks.
Asthma, Exercise-Induced: Breathing problems caused by exercise. Patients who suffer from asthma and allergic rhinitis are particularly prone to the condition. Factors such as reduced humidity, cold temperatures, high levels of pollen, poor physical fitness, respiratory infections and reduced air quality can all increase the risk of an attack.
Asthma-like cough symptoms: Asthma is a chronic disease causing airway constriction along with inflammation and excess collection of mucus in the airways leading to breathing difficulty.
Asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 1: An increased risk of asthma-related traits such as wheezing and atopic dermatitis are linked to a defect on chromosome 14q22.1.
Asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 2: An increased risk of asthma-related traits such as wheezing and atopic dermatitis are linked to a defect on chromosome 7p15-p14.
Asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 3: An increased risk of asthma-related traits such as wheezing and atopic dermatitis are linked to a defect on chromosome 2p16.
Asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 4: An increased risk of asthma-related traits such as wheezing and atopic dermatitis are linked to a defect on chromosome 1p31.
Asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 5: An increased risk of asthma-related traits such as wheezing and atopic dermatitis are linked to a defect on chromosome 12q14.3.
Asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 6: An increased risk of asthma-related traits such as wheezing and atopic dermatitis are linked to a defect on chromosome 17q21.
Asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 7: An increased risk of asthma-related traits such as wheezing and atopic dermatitis are linked to a defect on chromosome 1q32.1.
Asthmatic Bronchitis: A variant of asthma where cough, either chronic or during an exacerbation following a viral infection, is the main or only symptom
Atelectasis: Collapse of lung tissue affecting part or all of one lung. Atelectasis may be an acute or chronic condition. In acute atelectasis, the lung has recently collapsed and is primarily notable only for airlessness. In chronic atelectasis, the affected area is often characterized by a complex mixture of airlessness, infection, widening of the bronchi, destruction and scarring.
Atopic asthma: Atopic asthma is one of the most common forms of asthma and is triggered by exposure to an allergen. Upon exposure to the allergen, the airways become constricted and inflamed which affects breathing. The severity of symptoms is variable. This form of asthma is more common in children than adults.
Ausrian triad: The association of pneumococcal pneumonia, meningitis and endocarditis.
Baby rattle pelvic dysplasia: A lethal bone development disorder.
Bagassosis: Inhalation of sugarcane dust particles in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the sugarcane dust particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Bagassosis -- Thermoactinomyces sacchari: Inhalation of sugarcane dust particles contaminated with fungus (Thermoactinomyces sacchari) in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the contaminated sugarcane dust particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Baritosis: A lung condition caused by breathing in barium dust or barium containing compounds. It is generally a benign condition that doesn't cause symptoms other than irritation.
Barley Worker's disease -- Aspergillus spp.: Inhalation of barley particles contaminated with fungus (Aspergillus spp.) in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the fungus in the airborne barley particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Benign lung Tumor: Benign lung tumors are a heterogenous group of neoplastic lesions originating from pulmonary structures.
Berylliosis: A condition that results from inhalation of beryllium in to form of dust or fumes. The lungs, skin eyes or blood may be affected and the affects can occur immediately or after long term exposure.
Blastomycosis: A fungal infection caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis and resulting in lung, skin, bone and genitourinary involvement.
Blue and bloated syndrome: Heart and breathing problems that occur in obese patients that can cause reduced blood oxygenation especially while sleeping.
Breathing difficulties: Various types of breathing difficulty (dyspnea).
Bronchial adenomata syndrome: A type of bronchial tumor that causes various respiratory symptoms.
Bronchiectasis: Chronic bronchiole dilation from secretions and blockages.
Bronchiectasis -- oligospermia: A rare syndrome characterized by the association of bronchiectasis (enlarged bronchial airways) and a defect in the sperm ducts which affects the number of sperm produced. Patients suffer frequent bacterial infections.
Bronchietasis:
Bronchioalveolar Carcinoma: Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) is a rare type of lung cancer, it is a sub-type of lung adenocarcinoma
Bronchiolitis: Inflammation of the bronchioles.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans -- Ammonia inhalation: A lung disease caused by inhalation of Ammonia. The exposure can cause scarring of the lungs which can lead to obstruction of the small airways and ultimately impaired lung function. Chronic exposure can lead to gradual worsening of symptoms over a period of time. Acute exposure can result in lung damage that may be asymptomatic for a short period of time but can then lead to rapid death due to severe obstructive breathing problems. Severity of symptoms and outcome depend on degree of exposure.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans -- Chlorine inhalation: A lung disease caused by inhalation of Chlorine. The exposure can cause scarring of the lungs which can lead to obstruction of the small airways and ultimately impaired lung function. Chronic exposure can lead to gradual worsening of symptoms over a period of time. Acute exposure can result in lung damage that may be asymptomatic for a short period of time but can then lead to rapid death due to severe obstructive breathing problems. Severity of symptoms and outcome depend on degree of exposure.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans -- Diacetyl inhalation: A lung disease caused by inhalation of Diacetyl. The exposure can cause scarring of the lungs which can lead to obstruction of the small airways and ultimately impaired lung function. Chronic exposure can lead to gradual worsening of symptoms over a period of time. Acute exposure can result in lung damage that may be asymptomatic for a short period of time but can then lead to rapid death due to severe obstructive breathing problems. Severity of symptoms and outcome depend on degree of exposure.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans -- Hydrogen bromide inhalation: A lung disease caused by inhalation of Hydrogen bromide. The exposure can cause scarring of the lungs which can lead to obstruction of the small airways and ultimately impaired lung function. Chronic exposure can lead to gradual worsening of symptoms over a period of time. Acute exposure can result in lung damage that may be asymptomatic for a short period of time but can then lead to rapid death due to severe obstructive breathing problems. Severity of symptoms and outcome depend on degree of exposure.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans -- Hydrogen chloride inhalation: A lung disease caused by inhalation of Hydrogen chloride. The exposure can cause scarring of the lungs which can lead to obstruction of the small airways and ultimately impaired lung function. Chronic exposure can lead to gradual worsening of symptoms over a period of time. Acute exposure can result in lung damage that may be asymptomatic for a short period of time but can then lead to rapid death due to severe obstructive breathing problems. Severity of symptoms and outcome depend on degree of exposure.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans -- Hydrogen fluoride inhalation: A lung disease caused by inhalation of Hydrogen fluoride. The exposure can cause scarring of the lungs which can lead to obstruction of the small airways and ultimately impaired lung function. Chronic exposure can lead to gradual worsening of symptoms over a period of time. Acute exposure can result in lung damage that may be asymptomatic for a short period of time but can then lead to rapid death due to severe obstructive breathing problems. Severity of symptoms and outcome depend on degree of exposure.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans -- Hydrogen sulfide inhalation: A lung disease caused by inhalation of Hydrogen sulfide. The exposure can cause scarring of the lungs which can lead to obstruction of the small airways and ultimately impaired lung function. Chronic exposure can lead to gradual worsening of symptoms over a period of time. Acute exposure can result in lung damage that may be asymptomatic for a short period of time but can then lead to rapid death due to severe obstructive breathing problems. Severity of symptoms and outcome depend on degree of exposure.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans -- Methyl isocyanate inhalation: A lung disease caused by inhalation of Methyl isocyanate. The exposure can cause scarring of the lungs which can lead to obstruction of the small airways and ultimately impaired lung function. Chronic exposure can lead to gradual worsening of symptoms over a period of time. Acute exposure can result in lung damage that may be asymptomatic for a short period of time but can then lead to rapid death due to severe obstructive breathing problems. Severity of symptoms and outcome depend on degree of exposure.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans -- Nitrogen Oxide inhalation: A lung disease caused by inhalation of Nitrogen oxides. The exposure can cause scarring of the lungs which can lead to obstruction of the small airways and ultimately impaired lung function. Chronic exposure can lead to gradual worsening of symptoms over a period of time. Acute exposure can result in lung damage that may be asymptomatic for a short period of time but can then lead to rapid death due to severe obstructive breathing problems. Severity of symptoms and outcome depend on degree of exposure.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans -- Ozone inhalation: A lung disease caused by inhalation of ozone. The exposure can cause scarring of the lungs which can lead to obstruction of the small airways and ultimately impaired lung function. Chronic exposure can lead to gradual worsening of symptoms over a period of time. Acute exposure can result in lung damage that may be asymptomatic for a short period of time but can then lead to rapid death due to severe obstructive breathing problems. Severity of symptoms and outcome depend on degree of exposure.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans -- Phosgene inhalation: A lung disease caused by inhalation of Nitrogen oxides. The exposure can cause scarring of the lungs which can lead to obstruction of the small airways and ultimately impaired lung function. Chronic exposure can lead to gradual worsening of symptoms over a period of time. Acute exposure can result in lung damage that may be asymptomatic for a short period of time but can then lead to rapid death due to severe obstructive breathing problems. Severity of symptoms and outcome depend on degree of exposure.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans -- Polyamide-amine dyes inhalation: A lung disease caused by inhalation of Polyamide-amine dyes. The exposure can cause scarring of the lungs which can lead to obstruction of the small airways and ultimately impaired lung function. Chronic exposure can lead to gradual worsening of symptoms over a period of time. Acute exposure can result in lung damage that may be asymptomatic for a short period of time but can then lead to rapid death due to severe obstructive breathing problems. Severity of symptoms and outcome depend on degree of exposure.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans -- Sulphur dioxide inhalation: A lung disease caused by inhalation of Sulphur dioxide. The exposure can cause scarring of the lungs which can lead to obstruction of the small airways and ultimately impaired lung function. Chronic exposure can lead to gradual worsening of symptoms over a period of time. Acute exposure can result in lung damage that may be asymptomatic for a short period of time but can then lead to rapid death due to severe obstructive breathing problems. Severity of symptoms and outcome depend on degree of exposure.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans -- Thionyl chloride inhalation: A lung disease caused by inhalation of Thionyl chloride. The exposure can cause scarring of the lungs which can lead to obstruction of the small airways and ultimately impaired lung function. Chronic exposure can lead to gradual worsening of symptoms over a period of time. Acute exposure can result in lung damage that may be asymptomatic for a short period of time but can then lead to rapid death due to severe obstructive breathing problems. Severity of symptoms and outcome depend on degree of exposure.
Bronchiolitis obliterans: Disease of the lungs in which the bronchioles are plugged with granulation tissue.
Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia: Inflammation of lung tissue (bronchioles and surrounding tissue) which may occur on its own or as a result of other conditions such as certain infections.
Bronchiolitis obliterans with obstructive pulmonary disease: A rare condition involving the inflammation and thickening of the internal lung structures (bronchioles) which affects breathing. It can be triggered by certain infections, drug reactions or for no obvious reason. The condition often progresses to cause serious respiratory problems or even death though the rate of disease progression is variable.
Bronchitis: Bronchitis is an inflammation of the air passages within the lungs. It occurs when the trachea and the large and small bronchi within the lungs become inflamed
Bronchogenic carcinoma: When cells of the lung start growing rapidly in an uncontrolled manner, the condition is called lung cancer .
Bronchopulmonary amyloidosis: Amyloidosis is a rare group of metabolic disorders where a protein called amyloid accumulates in body organs and tissues where it can cause damage. In the bronchopulmonary form, the amyloid deposits occur mainly in the lungs.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A rare form of infant lung disease that usually occurs as a complication of ventilator use in premature babies.
Byssinosis: Usually an occupational disease where excessive inhalation of dust from cotton, hemp or flax causes lung problems.
COPD: Severe obstruction of bronchial air flow typically from bronchitis and/or emphysema.
Cardiomegaly -- bronchitis -- emphysema syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized by the association of bronchitis, emphysema and an enlarged heart. The condition is often associated with long-term chronic alcoholism.
Catamenial pneumothorax: A collapsed lung that occurs at the same time as menstruation. The condition is believed to be caused by the presence of endometrial tissue in the chest cavity. The endometrial tissue produces blood (just as in the uterus) and can result in the lung collapsing. The lung tends to collapse within 3 days of the start of menstruation.
Centriacinar Emphysema: The abnormal permanent enlargement of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, accompanied by the destruction of the walls and without obvious fibrosis. It begins in the respiratory bronchioles and spreads peripherally
Cheese Washer's lung: Inhalation of cheese particles contaminated with bacteria in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the bacteria in the airborne cheese particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Cheese Washer's lung -- Penicillium spp.: Inhalation of cheese particles contaminated with bacteria (Penicillium spp.) in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the bacteria in the airborne cheese particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Chemical pneumonia: Lung inflammation from inhaled chemicals
Chemical worker's lung (Ammonia): Inhalation of a chemical called Ammonia in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the chemical. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Chemical worker's lung (Chlorine): Inhalation of a chemical called Chlorine in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the chemical. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Chemical worker's lung (Formalin vapours): Inhalation of a chemical called Formalin vapours in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the chemical. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Chemical worker's lung (Hydrogen Sulfide): Inhalation of a chemical called Hydrogen Sulfide in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the chemical. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Chemical worker's lung (Methylene Diisocyanate): Inhalation of a chemical called Methylene Diisocyanate in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the chemical. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Chemical worker's lung (Nitrogen dioxide): Inhalation of a chemical called Nitrogen dioxide in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the chemical. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Chemical worker's lung (Ozone): Inhalation of a chemical called Ozone in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the chemical. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Chemical worker's lung (Phosgene): Inhalation of a chemical called Phosgene in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the chemical. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Chemical worker's lung (Sulfur dioxide): Inhalation of a chemical called Sulfur dioxide in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the chemical. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Chemical worker's lung (Trimellitic anhydride): Inhalation of a chemical called trimellitic anhydride)in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the chemical. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Chemical worker's lung -- Lacquer: Inhalation of a lacquer (which contains isocyanates) in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the chemical. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Chemical worker's lung -- Varnish: Inhalation of a varnish (which contains isocyanates) in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the chemical. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Chest conditions: Any condition affecting the chest
Childhood asthma: Childhood asthma is a type of asthma that occurs during childhood. Asthma involves constriction and inflammation of the airways. The severity of symptoms is variable. The asthma may be triggered by allergens, pollution, viral infections and many other factors.
Chlamydia pneumoniae: Specific bacterial type of pneumonia
Cholesterol pneumonia: Lung inflammation caused by cholesterol.
Chronic Bronchitis: Chronic bronchitis is a chronic inflammation of the bronchi (medium-size airways) in the lungs.
Chronic berylliosis: A condition that results from long term exposure to beryllium in the form of dust or fumes. The lungs, skin eyes or blood may be affected.
Chronic bronchitis-like cough: Chronic bronchitis is bronchitis that lasts longer than 3 months and is usually associated with whitish sputum.
Chronic lower respiratory diseases: General term for various chronic respiratory diseases including COPD, emphysema and chronic bronchitis
Chronic pneumonitis of infancy: A rare form of interstitial lung disease that occurs in infants. Death is common even if treatment is delivered.
Chronic silicosis: An occupation lung disease caused by breathing in silica dust. Chronic exposure involves inhalation of low levels of the silica.
Coal worker's pneumoconiosis: A lung disease caused by breathing in coal dust. The condition is generally associated with employees in the coal industry. Symptoms usually resolve when exposure to coal dust stops.
Coffee Worker's lung: Inhalation of coffee bean dust in occupational settings can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to small air-borne particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Collapsed lung: Deflation of all or part of one lung
Colobomata unilobar lung heart defect: A very rare condition characterized by the association of a single lobed lung, heart defect and colobomata.
Complete atrioventricular canal: A rare form of congenital heart disease where the there is a hole in the heart wall that separates the upper heart chambers, a hole the heart wall that separates the lower heart chambers and heart valve abnormalities (tricuspid and mitral valves). This results in excessive blood circulation in the lungs leading to congestive heart failure in untreated cases.
Congenital bronchobiliary fistula: A rare malformation where there is an abnormal opening between a bile duct and the bronchial (respiratory) system.
Congenital bronchogenic cyst: A rare birth condition characterized by the formation of a cyst in the middle of the chest, usually near the area where the trachea branches off. The condition may be asymptomatic but if the cyst is large enough it may cause problems by compressing nearby structures such as the trachea.
Congenital unilateral pulmonary hypoplasia: A rare disorder where one of the two lung structures fail to develop normally.
Cystic Fibrosis: Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary disease affecting the exocrine (mucus) glands of the lungs, liver, pancreas, and intestines, causing progressive disability due to multisystem failure.
Cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung: A rare birth condition where the lungs fail to develop normally during the fetal stage and cysts form in parts of the lung instead of normal alveolar tissue.
Cystic hamartoma of lung and kidney: A very rare condition characterized mainly by benign cysts in the lungs and kidneys.
Decreased chest wall movement: decreased movement of the chest wall
Decreased transfer factor on lung function: A decrease in the transfer factor evident on lung function tests
Dermatomyositis: A muscle disease characterized by chronic muscle inflammation resulting in progressive muscle weakness and a characteristic rash.
Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia: A relatively uncommon form of lung inflammation that has no apparent cause though the majority of patients have a history of smoking. Symptoms tend to develop over a period of six months to one and a half years.
Detergent worker's disease: Inhalation of detergent in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Dextrocardia-bronchiectasis-sinusitis: A genetic disorder characterized by sinusitis, bronchiectasis and situs inversus.
Diffuse panbronchiolitis: A pulmonary disease involving chronic inflammation of the airways which causes obstruction and can lead to respiratory failure and even death if untreated.
Diffuse systemic sclerosi: A rare condition that characterized by skin tightness affecting the trunk and extremities as well as organ involvement. It involves an early period of internal inflammation which distinguishes it from other forms of scleroderma and the organ involvement can be severe and even life-threatening.
Diphtheria: Infectious bacterial respiratory disease
Dirofilaria immitis infection: Infection with the dog heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) which is transmitted from dogs to humans through mosquito bites.
Double outlet -- left ventricle: A very rare birth defect where the aorta and the pulmonary artery both exit from the left ventricle and thus blood is unable to be pumped to the lungs. However, a hole connects the two ventricles and ultimately allows some blood flow to the lungs.
Double outlet -- right ventricle I: A very rare birth defect where the aorta and the pulmonary artery both exit from the right ventricle and thus blood is unable to be pumped to the lungs. However, a hole connects the two ventricles and ultimately allows some blood flow to the lungs. In the type I the hole is located just below the aorta and there is no narrowing of the pulmonary valve.
Double outlet -- right ventricle II: A very rare birth defect where the aorta and the pulmonary artery both exit from the right ventricle and thus blood is unable to be pumped to the lungs. However, a hole connects the two ventricles and ultimately allows some blood flow to the lungs. In the type II the hole is located in the infracristal area and there is no narrowing of the pulmonary valve.
Double outlet -- right ventricle IV: A very rare birth defect where the aorta and the pulmonary artery both exit from the right ventricle and thus blood is unable to be pumped to the lungs. However, a hole connects the two ventricles and ultimately allows some blood flow to the lungs. In the type VI the hole is located just below the aorta and there is a narrowing of the pulmonary valve.
Double outlet right ventricle: A very rare birth defect where the aorta and the pulmonary artery both exit from the right ventricle and thus blood is unable to be pumped to the lungs. However, a hole connects the two ventricles and ultimately allows some blood flow to the lungs. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the location of the connecting hole in the heart and the exact location of the two arteries with respect to the heart.
Drowning: Accidental loss of life due to water.
Drug-induced asthma: Drug-induced associated asthma refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that is caused by taking a particular drug. There is a large range of drugs that have the potential to produce asthmatic symptoms in susceptible people. The severity of symptoms is variable.
Drug-resistant Streptococcus Pneumoniae Disease: Streptococcal respiratory infection resistant to antibiotics
Drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: A form of streptococcus pneumoniae which is resistant to antibacterials that are usually used to destroy it
Ductus arteriosus, patent reversed flow: A rare birth defect. During the fetal stage, a connecting tube (ductus arteriosus) joins the pulmonary artery and aorta and hence prevents blood from flowing past the fluid filled lungs. After birth, the tube normally closes off so that the blood can be sent to the lungs to be oxygenated. Patent ductus arteriosus is where the connecting tube fails to close and hence the blood can't be oxygenated properly. In the patent reversed flow form of the condition, blood flow is reversed between the pulmonary and aorta opening and results in a reduced pulmonary flow.
Eisenmenger Syndrome: Increased lung blood pressure that can result from conditions such as a hole in the wall between the two heart chambers.
Ellis-Yale-Winter syndrome: A rare condition characterized by the association of a small head, congenital heart disease, lung segmentation defects and a missing kidney.
Emotional stress related asthma: Emotional stress related asthma refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that is caused by emotional stress.
Emphysema: Emphysema is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is defined as an abnormal, permanent enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles accompanied by destruction of their walls and without obvious fibrosis.
Emphysema, congenital lobar: A rare respiratory disorder where air can readily enter the lungs but has difficulty escaping. The severity of the condition is variable.
Eosinophilic asthma: Eosinophilic asthma is a type of asthma that is characterized by increased levels of eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) in the airways. Asthma involves constriction and inflammation of the airways which makes breathing difficult. The severity of symptoms is variable.
Epidermoid carcinoma: A non-small-cell type of lung cancer. The cancer develops from cells that line the inside of the lungs.
Exercise-induced asthma: Exercise-induced asthma refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that is triggered by exercise. The severity of symptoms is variable. Exercise involving long periods of activity or is done in a cold environment is more likely to trigger asthmatic symptoms. Exercise can also exacerbate existing asthma symptoms.
Exogenous lipoid pneumonia: A rare disorder where lung inflammation results from inhalation or aspiration of fatty or oily material. Examples of fatty sources includes oil-based nasal inhalation drops, cosmetic oil. The severity of the condition can vary greatly depending on the amount of lipids involved.
Extrinsic asthma: Extrinsic asthma is a type of asthma that is triggered by an exposure to an allergen. Extrinsic asthma involves constriction and inflammation of the airways in response to exposure to the allergen. Examples of possible allergens include dust mites, pollen and mould. The severity of symptoms and allergen involved is variable.
Familial dysautonomia: An inherited biochemical disorder that primarily affects the autonomic and sensory nervous system.
Familial emphysema: A rare genetic form of emphysema caused by a deficiency of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) which results in destruction of the elastin component of the lung structure. The disorder tends to run in families (familial).
Familial hypersensitivity pneumonitis: An immune-mediated lung disease that occurs in a familial pattern.
Familial interstitial fibrosis: A rare familial disorder involving fibrosis and scarring of the lung tissue which causes the lung to become stiff and unable to function normally.
Farmer's lung: A condition that affects farmers who are exposed to mouldy hay or crops. The lungs become inflamed due to a hypersensitivity reaction to the exposure.
Farmer's lung -- Micropolyspora faeni: Inhalation of moldy contaminated with bacteria (Micropolyspora faeni) in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the bacteria in the moldy hay particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Farmer's lung -- Thermoactinomyces vulgaris: Inhalation of moldy contaminated with bacteria (Thermoactinomyces vulgaris) in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the bacteria in the moldy hay particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Feather Plucker's lung: Inhalation of particles from chicken feathers in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the proteins in the chicken feathers. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Female sex reversal with dysgenesis of kidneys, adrenals and lungs: A very rare disorder involving female sex reversal and abnormal development of the lungs, kidneys and adrenals. Most of the reported cases were terminated during the fetal stage when the abnormalities were detected.
Fetor hepaticus: Faecal breath due to mercaptans which pass directly into the lung.
Fibrosing alveolitis: A condition characterized by abnormalities in the fibrous tissues between lung alveoli which results in inflammation.
Fish meal worker's lung: Inhalation of a fish meal particles in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the fish meal particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Flu: Very common viral respiratory infection.
Food allergy related asthma: Food allergy related asthma refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that is caused by an allergic reaction to a particular food. This is a very uncommon cause of asthma.
Frozen Shoulder: Frozen shoulder, or adhesive capsulitis, is a condition that causes restriction of motion in the shoulder joint.
Furrier's lung: Inhalation of a dust from animal fur in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the animal fur. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Game-Friedman-Paradice syndrome: A rare condition characterized by retarded growth, hydrocephaly, underdeveloped lungs and various other anomalies. The condition was observed in four offspring from one family.
Goodpasture syndrome: A rare disease involving inflammation of membranes in the lung and kidneys.
Goodpasture's syndrome: A condition which is characterized by glomerulonephritis and pulmonary hemorrhage with circulating antibodies against basement membranes.
Graphite Pneumoconiosis: Lung damage caused by excessive inhalation of graphite. Cases are rare and severity can vary depending on the level of exposure.
Hamman-Rich syndrome: A rare acute lung disease where the lung sufferers progressive inflammation and fibrosis which often leads to death.
Hay Worker's disease -- Aspergillus spp.: Inhalation of hay particles contaminated with fungus (Aspergillus spp.) in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the fungus in the airborne hay particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Hemangiomatosis, familial pulmonary capillary: A rare condition involving the excessive proliferation of lung capillaries which results in pulmonary hypertension.
Hemoptysis: A condition which is characterized by the coughing up of blood or blood stained sputum
Hemosiderosis: A rare lung condition where bleeding into the lungs causes lung damage due to the accumulation of iron. The severity of the condition is determined by the amount of bleeding.
High altitude pulmonary edema: Lung condition related to high altitude.
Homozygotic Alpha 1 antitrypsin Defeciency: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is an inherited disorder that can cause lung disease in adults and liver disease in adults and children
Humidifier lung: Inhalation of humidifier vapors contaminated with pathogens such as amoeba and certain bacteria can cause various lung symptoms in occupational settings. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the pathogens. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Humidifier lung -- Acanthamoeba spp.: Inhalation of humidifier vapors contaminated with a pathogen called (Acanthamoeba spp.) can cause various lung symptoms in occupational settings. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the pathogens. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Humidifier lung -- Bacillus spp.: Inhalation of humidifier vapors contaminated with a pathogen called (Bacillus spp.) can cause various lung symptoms in occupational settings. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the pathogens. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Humidifier lung -- Naegleria gruberi: Inhalation of humidifier vapors contaminated with a pathogen called (Naegleria gruberi) can cause various lung symptoms in occupational settings. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the pathogens. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Humidifier lung -- Penicillum spp.: Inhalation of humidifier vapors contaminated with a pathogen called (Penicillum spp.) can cause various lung symptoms in occupational settings. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the pathogens. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Hyperphalangism -- dysmorphy -- bronchomalacia: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by finger and toe abnormalities, unusual facial features and narrowed airways.
Hyperresonant lung fields: excessive air in the lungs
Hyperresonant lung fields as in case of COPD: excessive air in the lungs
Hyperresonant sounds: excessive air in the lungs
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis:
Hyperventilation: Excessively rapid breathing causing blood gas imbalances
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Lung fibrosis from unknown causes.
Idiopathic acute eosinophilic pneumonia: An acute lung disorder involving the infiltration of eosinophils into the lung tissue with no apparent cause.
Idiopathic alveolar hypoventilation syndrome: A rare condition characterized by a reduced breathing rate despite no respiratory system abnormalities. The cause of the condition is unknown.
Idiopathic diffuse interstitial fibrosis: A rare lung disease involving progressive inflammation and scarring (fibrosis) of deep lung tissue which can cause shortness of breath. In idiopathic forms of the condition, there is no apparent cause.
Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis: A rare disorder involving bleeding into the lungs which can eventually cause damage to the lungs.
Immunodeficiency, gonadal dysgenesis and pulmonary fibrosis: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by immunodeficiency, gonadal dysgenesis and pulmonary fibrosis that results in death.
Infant asthma: Infant asthma is a type of asthma that occurs during childhood. Asthma involves constriction and inflammation of the airways. The severity of symptoms is variable. The asthma may be triggered by allergens, pollution, viral infections and many other factors.
Interstitial lung disease: Any condition which affects the interstitium of the lungs
Intrinsic asthma: Intrinsic asthma refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that is not caused by exposure to an allergen. The severity of symptoms is variable.
Johnson-Munson syndrome: A rare congenital disorder characterized by missing fingers and toes, abnormal vertebrae and various malformations of the organs.
Kaolin pneumoconiosis: A lung disease caused by breathing in air contaminated with kaolin (component of china clay). It is generally an occupation disease where people are exposed to the contaminated air for prolonged periods of time. Kaolin is used to make ceramics, paper, medicines, cosmetics and toothpaste. Generally symptoms stop once the exposure ceases.
Labrador lung: A lung disease caused by breathing in dust containing silica and other inorganic compounds such as iron. The dusts deposit in the lungs where it can cause problems which may not become evident for many years. It is often seen in long-term miners.
Large cell carcinoma: Large cell carcinoma is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the lungs. This non-small cell lung cancer that represents 10% to 20% of all tumors that start in the bronchi, which are the main branches of the trachea that lead to the lungs.
Larsen-like syndrome, lethal form: A very rare lethal syndrome characterized mainly by joint dislocations and breathing problems due to respiratory system abnormalities. The condition is a manifestation of abnormal collagen formation.
Larsen-like syndrome, lethal type: A very rare lethal syndrome characterized mainly by joint dislocations and breathing problems due to respiratory system abnormalities.
Lung Cancer Susceptibility 1: Researchers have linked a number of genes to an increased risk of developing lung cancer. The genetic predisposition plus environmental factors and lifestyle factors such as smoking translate to an increased risk of cancer. The genetic predisposition is believed to be insufficient on its own and appears to require the presence of environmental and lifestyle factors such as smoking in order to result in the development of lung cancer. Type 1 is linked to a defect on chromosome 6q23-q25.
Lung Cancer Susceptibility 2: Researchers have linked a number of genes to an increased risk of developing lung cancer. The genetic predisposition plus environmental factors and lifestyle factors such as smoking translate to an increased risk of cancer. The genetic predisposition is believed to be insufficient on its own and appears to require the presence of environmental and lifestyle factors such as smoking in order to result in the development of lung cancer. Type 2 is linked to a defect on chromosome 15q25.1.
Lung Cancer Susceptibility 3: Researchers have linked a number of genes to an increased risk of developing lung cancer. The genetic predisposition plus environmental factors and lifestyle factors such as smoking translate to an increased risk of cancer. The genetic predisposition is believed to be insufficient on its own and appears to require the presence of environmental and lifestyle factors such as smoking in order to result in the development of lung cancer. Type 3 is linked to a defect on chromosome 15p15.33.
Lung Cancer Susceptibility 4: Researchers have linked a number of genes to an increased risk of developing lung cancer. The genetic predisposition plus environmental factors and lifestyle factors such as smoking translate to an increased risk of cancer. The genetic predisposition is believed to be insufficient on its own and appears to require the presence of environmental and lifestyle factors such as smoking in order to result in the development of lung cancer. Type 4 is linked to a defect on chromosome 6p21.33.
Lung abscess: Pus (abscess) in the lung
Lung cancer: Lung cancer is a disease of uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. This growth may lead to metastasis, which is the invasion of adjacent tissue and infiltration beyond the lungs. Most lung tumors are malignant.
Lung damage: COPD is defined as the destruction of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles and their walls and without obvious fibrosis.
Lung granuloma: A nodular aggregation of mononuclear inflammatory cells which is located in the lungs
Lung herniation -- congenital defect of sternum: A rare congenital disorder where a some of the lung tissues pushes through and opening in the breast bone. The mid-chest mass may change in size with inhalation and exhalation.
Lung scarring: Damage to the lung tissue from and cause can cause scarring of the lung tissue. Small scars generally cause no problems but large or widespread scarring can affect breathing. Causes of lung scarring include pneumonia, lung infections, cystic fibrosis, asbestosis, silicosis and sarcoidosis and tuberculosis. Excessive lung scarring can lead to thickening and stiffening of the lung tissue which can make breathing more difficult. Scar tissue can also be a result of damage due to cancer.
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: A very rare progressive disease where an unusual type of muscle cell (smooth muscle) infiltrates the lungs which eventually obstructs the flow of air through the lungs. The cause is unknown and generally occurs in women of child bearing age.
Lymphangiomatosis, pulmonary: A rare disorder characterized by the presence of numerous small lung cysts at birth which severely affects breathing and blood pressure and generally results in infant death.
Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia: A relatively rare form of lung disease characterized by the buildup of lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) in the air spaces or alveoli of the lungs. The condition can affect children or adults and is frequently associated with conditions such as HIV and autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Symptoms may develop gradually over a period of months or even years in some cases.
Magrassi-Leonardi syndrome: A type of eosinophilic lung disease possibly caused by a virus. The condition may have variable presentations. Some patients have a severe pneumonia-like illness whereas other suffer fever, weakness and muscle pain for a few days.
Malignant Lung Cancer: Lung cancer is a disease of uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. This growth may lead to metastasis, which is the invasion of adjacent tissue and infiltration beyond the lungs. Most lung tumors are malignant. This means that they invade and destroy the healthy tissues around them and can spread throughout the body
Malt Worker's disease: Inhalation of malt particles contaminated with fungus in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the fungus in the airborne malt particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Malt Worker's disease -- Aspergillus spp.: Inhalation of malt particles contaminated with fungus (Aspergillus spp.) in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the fungus in the airborne malt particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Manouvrier syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by the failure of the lungs to develop fully, heart defects and thumb abnormalities.
Mesothelioma: Type of lung cancer associated with asbestos.
Mesothelioma, adult malignant -- pleural: A rare type of malignant cancer that occurs in the pleura (chest lining). The cancer develops in people who have inhaled asbestos fibers. Symptoms tend to occur many years or even decades after the exposure.
Mixed asthma: Mixed asthma is a type of asthma that can be caused by an exposure to an allergen as well as other intrinsic triggers such as exposure to cold air or cigarette smoke. Mixed asthma involves constriction and inflammation of the airways that may or may not involve an allergic reaction.
Mixed granulocytic asthma: Mixed granulocytic asthma is a type of asthma that is characterized by increased levels of eosinophils and neutrophils (types of white blood cell) in the airways. Asthma involves constriction and inflammation of the airways which makes breathing difficult. The severity of symptoms is variable.
Mixed type non small cell carcinoma: It is the presence of mixed histological of small cell and non small cell cancer variety
Mouldy shower curtain hypersensitivity pneumonitis: Inhalation of mold from mouldy shower curtains can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the wood dust. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Mounier-Kuhn syndrome: A rare congenital condition where the trachea and bronchi are enlarged which increases the risk of respiratory infections such as bronchitis and pneumonia.
Mountain sickness: Illness from poor adjustment to low oxygen at altitude.
Mucoepithelial dysplasia, Witkop type: A rare inherited disorder primarily involving mucosal lesions throughout the body as well as skin, hair and lung problems.
Mushroom Worker's lung -- Micropolyspora faeni: Inhalation of mushroom particles and compost contaminated with bacteria (Micropolyspora faeni) in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the bacteria in the airborne mushroom particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Mushroom Worker's lung -- Thermoactinomyces vulgaris: Inhalation of mushroom particles and compost contaminated with bacteria (Thermoactinomyces vulgaris) in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the bacteria in the airborne mushroom particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Susceptibility to: There are a number of genes linked to an increased susceptibility to developing tuberculosis. Many people are infected with tuberculosis but develop no symptoms whereas others develop active disease. Yet other patients tend to develop a severe form of the condition where the brain and central nervous system are involved. Studies indicate that various genes may be responsible for an increased susceptibility to the infection and likewise, other genes are responsible for increased resistance to tuberculosis.
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Susceptibility to, 1: There are a number of genes linked to an increased susceptibility to developing tuberculosis. Many people are infected with tuberculosis but develop no symptoms whereas others develop active disease. Yet other patients tend to develop a severe form of the condition where the brain and central nervous system are involved. Studies indicate that various genes may be responsible for an increased susceptibility to the infection and likewise, other genes are responsible for increased resistance to tuberculosis. Type 1 refers to an increased susceptibility to tuberculosis which is linked to a gene on chromosome 2q35.
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Susceptibility to, 2: There are a number of genes linked to an increased susceptibility to developing tuberculosis. Many people are infected with tuberculosis but develop no symptoms whereas others develop active disease. Yet other patients tend to develop a severe form of the condition where the brain and central nervous system are involved. Studies indicate that various genes may be responsible for an increased susceptibility to the infection and likewise, other genes are responsible for increased resistance to tuberculosis. Type 2 refers to an increased susceptibility to tuberculosis which is linked to a gene on chromosome 8q12-q13.
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Susceptibility to, 3: There are a number of genes linked to an increased susceptibility to developing tuberculosis. Many people are infected with tuberculosis but develop no symptoms whereas others develop active disease. Yet other patients tend to develop a severe form of the condition where the brain and central nervous system are involved. Studies indicate that various genes may be responsible for an increased susceptibility to the infection and likewise, other genes are responsible for increased resistance to tuberculosis. Type 3 refers to an increased susceptibility to tuberculosis which is linked to a gene on chromosome 20q13.31-q33.
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Susceptibility to, X-linked: There are a number of genes linked to an increased susceptibility to developing tuberculosis. Many people are infected with tuberculosis but develop no symptoms whereas others develop active disease. Yet other patients tend to develop a severe form of the condition where the brain and central nervous system are involved. Studies indicate that various genes may be responsible for an increased susceptibility to the infection and likewise, other genes are responsible for increased resistance to tuberculosis. The X-linked type refers to an increased susceptibility to tuberculosis which is linked to the X chromosome.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae: Bacterial respiratory infection
Mycoplasmal pneumonia: An infectious disease affecting the lungs and caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Lung disease mostly in premature newborns; see also adult RDS.
Neutrophilic asthma: Neutrophilic asthma is a type of asthma that is characterized by increased levels of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell) in the airways. Asthma involves constriction and inflammation of the airways which makes breathing difficult. The severity of symptoms is variable. This type of asthma is usually driven by such things as pollution and viral infections rather than exposure to an allergen.
Nocturnal asthma: Nocturnal asthma is a type of asthma that tends to only produce symptoms at night. Asthma involves constriction and inflammation of the airways which makes breathing difficult. The severity of symptoms is variable. Factors such as airconditioning, gastroesophageal reflux and sleeping in a reclining positing may increase the incidence of this form of asthma in susceptible patients.
Non cardiogenic pulmonary oedema: Non cardiogenic pulmonary oedemais caused by changes in permeability of the pulmonary capillary membrane due to a direct or an indirect pathologic insult.
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: It is any type of lung cancer other than small cell carcinoma (SCLC). As a class, NSCLCs are relatively insensitive to chemotherapy, compared to small cell carcinoma
Non-allergic asthma: Non-allergic asthma is a type of asthma that is not triggered by exposure to an allergen. Non-allergic asthma involves constriction and inflammation of the airways that can be caused by such things as exercise, cold air, cigarette smoke and inhalation of chemicals.
Non-atopic asthma: Non-atopic asthma refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that is not caused by exposure to an allergen. The severity of symptoms is variable.
Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia: A relatively uncommon form of pneumonia that has no apparent cause. Symptoms tend to develop over a period of six months to one and a half years.
Nosocomial pneumonia: A form of pneumonia which is contracted in a hospital
Novak syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly underdeveloped lungs and by an abnormal opening in the area of the larynx, trachea and esophagus.
Obesity associated asthma: Obesity associated asthma refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that is associated with obesity. The severity of symptoms is variable.
Occupational Asthma -- Beauticians: People employed as beauticians may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to henna extract, ammonium thioglycolate, monoethanolamine, hexamethyhlenamine and persulfate salts. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Boiler Cleaners: People employed as boiler cleaners may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to vanadium and vanadium pentoxide. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Brewery Workers: People employed as brewery workers may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to Choloramine T and sulfone chloramides. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Cement Industry: People employed in the cement industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to chromates and dichromates. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Chemical Industry: People employed in the chemical industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to trimellitic anhydride, nickel and nickel compounds. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Chemists: People employed as chemists may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to naphthalene diisocyanate. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Cosmetics Industry: People employed in the cosmetics industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to carmine. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Detergent Industry: People employed in the detergent industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to amylases and proteases. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Dye Industry: People employed in the dye industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to carmine. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Dye Manufacturers: People employed as dye manufactures may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to Hexafix Yellow, Drimaren blue and Cibachrome brilliant scarlet. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Electroplating Industry: People employed in the electroplating industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to chromium and nickel and chromium and nickel compounds. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Epoxy Resin Industry: People employed in the epoxy resin industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to phthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydrides, trimellitic anhydride, phthalic anhydride and tetrachlorophthalic anhydride. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Fabric Dying Industry: People employed in the fabric dying industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to anthroquinone. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Fire Retardant Industry: People employed in the fire retardant industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to himic anhydride. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Foundry Workers: People employed as foundry workers may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to diphenylmethane diisocyanate. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Fur Dying: People employed in the fur dying industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to paraphenyl diamine. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Galvanising Industry: People employed in the galvanising industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to Zinc. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Hairdressers: People employed as hairdressers may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to ammonium thioglycolate, monoethanolamine, hexamethyhlenamine and persulfate salts. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Hard Metal Industry: People employed in the hard metal industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to cobalt. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Hospital staff: People employed as hospital staff may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to enfluorane anaesthetic. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Jewellery Industry: People employed in the jewellery industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to platinum, nickel and nickel compounds. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Laminating Industry: People employed in the laminating industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to toluene diisocyanate and diphenylmethane diisocyanate. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Laxative Manufacturing: People employed in the laxative manufacturing industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to psyllium. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Manufacturing Industry: People employed in the manufacturing industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to amylases and proteases. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Nurses: People employed as nurses may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to cephalosporins. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Paint Manufacturing Industry: People employed in the paint manufacturing industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Photocopying workers: People employed as photocopying workers may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to diazonium salt. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Polyurethane Foam Industry: People employed in the polyurethane foam industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to diphenylmethane diisocyanate. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Polyurethane Industry: People employed in the polyurethane industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to toluene diisocyanate. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Refining Industry: People employed in the refining industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to platinum. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Rubber Workers: People employed as rubber workers may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to azodicarboamide and ethylene oxide. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Spray Paining Industry: People employed in the spray painting industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Tanning Industry: People employed in the tanning industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to chromium and chromium compounds. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Turbine Cleaners: People employed as turbine cleaners may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to vanadium and vanadium pentoxide. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational Asthma -- Varnish Manufacture Industry: People employed in the varnish manufacture industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to toluene diisocyanate. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational asthma: Occupational asthma refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that occurs in a workplace setting. There is a wide range of chemicals and other airway irritants that are used in a workplace settings and can result in inhalation exposure that can produce asthma symptoms. The severity of symptoms is variable. Occupational exposures can also exacerbate existing asthma symptoms.
Occupational asthma -- Anhydride exposure: A respiratory condition caused by exposure to Anhydride in a workplace environment. The severity of symptoms varies between people. Some patients may suffer no symptoms until several exposures or a prolonged period of exposures occurs. Obviously the best way to treat symptoms is to avoid further exposures. People with underlying lung conditions or who smoke face a greater risk of developing occupational asthma.
Occupational asthma -- Animal laboratory workers: A respiratory condition that occurs in people who work with animal laboratories and is caused by exposure to animal antigens in the workplace environment. The severity of symptoms varies between people. Some patients may suffer no symptoms until several exposures or a prolonged period of exposures occurs. Obviously the best way to treat symptoms is to avoid further exposures. People with underlying lung conditions or who smoke face a greater risk of developing occupational asthma.
Occupational asthma -- Bakers: People employed as Bakers may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to amylases and proteases. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational asthma -- Bookkeepers: A respiratory condition that occurs in bookkeepers and is caused by exposure to paper dust in the workplace environment. The severity of symptoms varies between people. Some patients may suffer no symptoms until several exposures or a prolonged period of exposures occurs. Obviously the best way to treat symptoms is to avoid further exposures. People with underlying lung conditions or who smoke face a greater risk of developing occupational asthma.
Occupational asthma -- Carpenters: A respiratory condition that occurs in carpenters and is caused by exposure to wood dust in the workplace environment. The severity of symptoms varies between people. Some patients may suffer no symptoms until several exposures or a prolonged period of exposures occurs. Obviously the best way to treat symptoms is to avoid further exposures. People with underlying lung conditions or who smoke face a greater risk of developing occupational asthma.
Occupational asthma -- Fluxes: A respiratory condition that occurs in workers in the electronics industry and caused by exposure to fluxes in the workplace environment. The severity of symptoms varies between people. Some patients may suffer no symptoms until several exposures or a prolonged period of exposures occurs. Obviously the best way to treat symptoms is to avoid further exposures. People with underlying lung conditions or who smoke face a greater risk of developing occupational asthma.
Occupational asthma -- Foam producers: A respiratory condition that occurs in foam producers and is caused by exposure to isocyanate in the workplace environment. The severity of symptoms varies between people. Some patients may suffer no symptoms until several exposures or a prolonged period of exposures occurs. Obviously the best way to treat symptoms is to avoid further exposures. People with underlying lung conditions or who smoke face a greater risk of developing occupational asthma.
Occupational asthma -- Insulation workers: A respiratory condition that occurs in insulation workers and is caused by exposure to isocyanate in the workplace environment. The severity of symptoms varies between people. Some patients may suffer no symptoms until several exposures or a prolonged period of exposures occurs. Obviously the best way to treat symptoms is to avoid further exposures. People with underlying lung conditions or who smoke face a greater risk of developing occupational asthma.
Occupational asthma -- Isocyanate exposure: A respiratory condition caused by exposure to isocyanate in a workplace environment. The severity of symptoms varies between people. Some patients may suffer no symptoms until several exposures or a prolonged period of exposures occurs. Obviously the best way to treat symptoms is to avoid further exposures. People with underlying lung conditions or who smoke face a greater risk of developing occupational asthma.
Occupational asthma -- Librarians: A respiratory condition that occurs in librarians and is caused by exposure to paper dust in the workplace environment. The severity of symptoms varies between people. Some patients may suffer no symptoms until several exposures or a prolonged period of exposures occurs. Obviously the best way to treat symptoms is to avoid further exposures. People with underlying lung conditions or who smoke face a greater risk of developing occupational asthma.
Occupational asthma -- Metal plating industry: A respiratory condition caused by exposure to metals in a metal plating industry workplace environment. The severity of symptoms varies between people. Some patients may suffer no symptoms until several exposures or a prolonged period of exposures occurs. Obviously the best way to treat symptoms is to avoid further exposures. People with underlying lung conditions or who smoke face a greater risk of developing occupational asthma.
Occupational asthma -- Millers: A respiratory condition that occurs in bakers and is caused by exposure to flour in the workplace environment. The severity of symptoms varies between people. Some patients may suffer no symptoms until several exposures or a prolonged period of exposures occurs. Obviously the best way to treat symptoms is to avoid further exposures. People with underlying lung conditions or who smoke face a greater risk of developing occupational asthma.
Occupational asthma -- Pharmaceutical industry: People employed in the pharmaceutical industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to penicillin, emthyl dopa, spiromycin, salbutamol, tetracycline, piperazine, sulfonamides, cephalosporins and cimetadine. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational asthma -- Plastics industry: People employed in the plastics industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to azodicarboamide, trimellitic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride and naphthalene diisocyanate. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational asthma -- Post office clerks: A respiratory condition that occurs in post office clerks and is caused by exposure to paper dust in the workplace environment. The severity of symptoms varies between people. Some patients may suffer no symptoms until several exposures or a prolonged period of exposures occurs. Obviously the best way to treat symptoms is to avoid further exposures. People with underlying lung conditions or who smoke face a greater risk of developing occupational asthma.
Occupational asthma -- Saw Mill workers: A respiratory condition that occurs in saw mill workers and is caused by exposure to wood dust in the workplace environment. The severity of symptoms varies between people. Some patients may suffer no symptoms until several exposures or a prolonged period of exposures occurs. Obviously the best way to treat symptoms is to avoid further exposures. People with underlying lung conditions or who smoke face a greater risk of developing occupational asthma.
Occupational asthma -- Spray Painters: People employed as spray painters may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to dimethyl aminoethanolamine and dimethyl ethanolamine. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational asthma -- Welding industry: People employed in the welding industry may face an increased risk of developing asthma due to exposure to chromium and chromium compounds. The risk may vary depending on the duration and level of exposure of the exposure.
Occupational lung disease -- Ammonia inhalation: Inhalation of ammonia in occupational settings can result in lung irritation and other symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure and concentration of the ammonia.
Occupational lung disease -- Chlorine inhalation: Inhalation of chlorine in occupational settings can result in lung irritation and other symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure and concentration of the chlorine.
Occupational lung disease -- Formalin vapors inhalation: Inhalation of Formalin vapors in occupational settings can result in lung irritation and other symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure and concentration of the Formalin vapors.
Occupational lung disease -- Hydrogen Sulfide inhalation: Inhalation of Hydrogen Sulfide in occupational settings can result in lung irritation and other symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure and concentration of the Hydrogen Sulfide.
Occupational lung disease -- Nitrogen dioxide inhalation: Inhalation of Nitrogen dioxide in occupational settings can result in lung irritation and other symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure and concentration of the Nitrogen dioxide.
Occupational lung disease -- Ozone inhalation: Inhalation of Ozone in occupational settings can result in lung irritation and other symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure and concentration of the Ozone.
Occupational lung disease -- Phosgene inhalation: Inhalation of Phosgene in occupational settings can result in lung irritation and other symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure and concentration of the Phosgene.
Occupational lung disease -- Sulfur dioxide inhalation: Inhalation of Sulfur dioxide in occupational settings can result in lung irritation and other symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure and concentration of the Sulfur dioxide.
Osteopetrosis -- renal tubular acidosis: A rare disorder where increased bone density is caused by carbonic anhydrase II deficiency.
Osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis: A rare disorder where increased bone density is caused by carbonic anhydrase II deficiency.
Panacinar Emphysema: Panacinary (or panlobular) emphysema is related to the destruction of alveoli, because of an inflammation or deficiency of alpha 1-antitrypsin
Pancoast's syndrome: Weakness and pain in the shoulder, arm and hand, caused by pressure on the nerves.
Paprika splitter's lung: Inhalation of paprika dust in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the contaminated paprika dust. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Paprika splitter's lung -- Mucor Stolonifer: Inhalation of paprika dust contaminated with a pathogen (Mucor Stolonifer) in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the contaminated paprika dust. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Paragonimiases -- lung infection: Infection by a parasitic worm, Paragonimus westermani, which are a type of lung fluke which invade the lungs and other organs where they cause problems. Infection occurs through eating freshwater crabs and crayfish which have not been cooked sufficiently.
Paragonimiasis: Infection by a parasitic worm, Paragonimus westermani, which are a type of lung fluke which invade the lungs, and sometimes other organs, where they cause problems. Occasionally the parasites infect the brain which can occasionally result in death. Infection occurs through eating freshwater crabs and crayfish which have not been cooked sufficiently.
Parainfluenza: Milder influenza-like infection
Paraquat lung: A condition caused by inhalation of paraquat (herbicide) which causes lung damage such as stiffening (fibrosis) of lung tissue and hence breathing problems.
Paraseptal Emphysema: Paraseptal emphysema is a type of emphysema( as abnormal permanent enlargement of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles) which involves the alveolar ducts and sacs at the lung periphery.
Parrot Breeder's disease: Inhalation of parrot dropping in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the proteins in the parrot droppings. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Paucigranulocytic asthma: Paucigranulocytic asthma is a type of asthma that is characterized by normal levels of eosinophils and neutrophils (types of white blood cell) in the airways. Asthma involves constriction and inflammation of the airways which makes breathing difficult. The severity of symptoms is variable.
Pauli's hypersensitivity pneumonitis: Inhalation of Pauli's reagent in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Persistent cough: The noise produced from the sudden expulsion of air from the lungs
Persistent patency of the arterial duct: A congenital heart defect wherein a child's arterial duct fails to close after birth.
Pigeon Breeder's disease: Inhalation of pigeon dropping in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the proteins in the pigeon droppings. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Pleural cancer: Pleural cancer is a cancer that affects the lining of the lungs, or lung pleura.
Pleural effusion: Fluid in the pleural spaces.
Pleural friction rub: A condition characterized by a friction rub caused by friction between the viscera and the costal pleura
Pleurisy: Inflammation of the pleural membrane
Pleuropulmonary blastoma: A type of tumor that originates from precursor cells or blasts (immature or embryonic tissue) in the lungs or covering of the lungs.
Pneumococcal pneumonia: Lung pneumnoia from streptococcus bacteria.
Pneumococcus: Bacteria causing ear infections, pneumococcal pneumonia, and pneumococcal meningitis.
Pneumoconiosis: A lung disease caused by breathing in air contaminated with particles of dust such as coal, kaolin, asbestos and talc. It is generally an occupation disease where people are exposed to the contaminated air for prolonged periods of time. Generally symptoms stop once the exposure ceases.
Pneumocystic carinii pneumonia: An infectious disease caused by the fungus called Pneumocystitis carinii which causes pneumonia. It primarily occurs in people with a poor immune system.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: Pneumonia common as an opportunistic infection of AIDS.
Pneumocystosis: Infection of the lung by a fungal organism called pneumocystis Carinii. The organism is found readily in most environments but generally does not affect healthy individuals. It occurs almost exclusively in immunocompromised people such as AIDS sufferers or those undergoing chemotherapy.
Pneumocytosis: A pneumonia caused by a fungal infection
Pneumonia: Infection of the lung by bacteria, viruses or fungus.
Pneumonia caused by serotype O11 Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: Inflammation of the lungs and bronchioles caused by an opportunistic pathogen called Pseudomonas Aeruginosa.
Pneumonia, Aspiration: Inflammation of the lungs and bronchioles caused by breathing in liquids and solids (usually the stomach contents).
Pneumonia, Bacterial: Inflammation of the lungs and bronchioles caused by bacteria.
Pneumonia, Staphylococcal: Inflammation of the lungs and bronchioles caused by the Staphylococcal bacteria. The condition is not common and often occurs as a complication of influenza or other viral respiratory infections. This form of pneumonia is considered serious and up to a third of cases can result in death.
Pneumonia, Viral: Inflammation of the lungs and bronchioles caused by a virus.
Pneumonia, eosinophilic: Infiltration of the lungs by eosinophils (type of white blood cell) which can be caused by asthma or as a reaction to certain drugs or parasitic infections.
Pneumonia-like cough symptoms: Pneumonia presents with fever, cough associated with sputum and flu-like symptoms.
Pneumonia-like tubular breath sounds: Also known bronchial breath sounds are very loud, high-pitched and sound close to the stethoscope. There is a gap between the inspiratory and expiratory phases of respiration, and the expiratory sounds are longer than the inspiratory sounds.
Pneumonic plague: Severe flea-borne bacterial disease affecting the lungs
Pneumonitis: Inflammation of the lungs
Pneumothorax: Air in the pleural spaces around the lungs.
Polymer Fume Fever: Polymer fume fever is a flu-like illness which can result from inhalation of fumes which can occur when Polytetrafluoroethylene (commercially known as Fluon, Teflon and Halon) is heated to high temperatures. The condition is most likely to occur in poorly ventilated areas in the polymer industry.
Postoperative respiratory failure: A condition characterised by the inability to use the lungs to perfuse the body with oxygen that occurs following an operation
Postperfusion lung syndrome: A breathing complication that can occur within hours of heart surgery involving blood transfusions. Death is relatively common with this complication.
Primary Emphysema: It includes Panacinar and Centriacinar emphysema. It is related to the destruction of alveoli, because of an inflammation or deficiency of alpha 1-antitrypsin
Primary pulmonary hypertension: Primary pulmonary hypertension refers to high blood pressure in the arteries that carry blood to the lungs for no apparent reason. Blood pressure in other parts of the body is normal or sometimes even low.
Psittacosis: An infectious disease caused by Chlamydia psittaci and transmitted mainly by infected birds but also by some mammals.
Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis: A rare chronic lung condition where accumulation of protein or phospholipids material in the lung air sacs prevent the lungs from effectively clearing any inhaled particles such as sawdust. The condition may disappear, remain stable or progress. Chronic forms are fatal in 25% of cases.
Pulmonary Anthrax: Inhaled lung anthrax, most severe form of anthrax.
Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: A rare form of lung disease characterized by tiny deposits of calcium phosphate throughout the alveoli in the lungs. The abnormal depositions may start at any age and the condition may progress very slowly with no symptoms for years or even decades. Cases which involve rapid progression or early onset are very uncommon.
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, congenital: A rare lung disease where protein and fat molecules accumulate in the distant parts of the lungs and affect breathing.
Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula: A rare genetic defect where one or more the arteries and veins in the lung are connected via an abnormal opening or fistula which affects the oxygenation level of body tissues.
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation: A rare malformation where there is an abnormal opening between a lung artery and a lung vein which causes some blood to pass through the lungs without being oxygenated.
Pulmonary artery agenesis: A rare defect where the pulmonary artery or a portion of it fails to develop. The pulmonary artery has two branches, each of which goes to a different lung. The affected lung tends to be smaller and the bronchial arteries that supply it tend to be enlarged.
Pulmonary atresia -- intact ventricular septum: A very rare heart defect where the opening that allows blood to travel from the heart to the lung is narrowed or absent which impairs the body's ability to oxygenate blood. Death generally occurs without immediate medical attention.
Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect: A congenital heart defect where the pulmonary artery is closed off so that blood is unable to flow out to the lungs via the pulmonary artery. An abnormal opening between the two sides of the heart also allow blood to flow between the two heart chambers. The severity of symptoms depends on the degree of abnormality. Symptoms may be evident at birth or later.
Pulmonary cystic lymphangiectasis: A rare congenital condition where the lungs fail to develop normally. The disorder is characterized by the presence of dilated lymph ducts throughout the lungs.
Pulmonary edema: Severe condition of excess fluid in the lungs.
Pulmonary edema of mountaineers: A severe complication of mountain sickness resulting from a lack of oxygen at high altitudes.
Pulmonary embolism: Blocked lung blood vessel often from a blood clot.
Pulmonary embolus: Blood clot lodges in the arteries supplying the lungs, causing decreased blood flow and air exchange
Pulmonary fibrosis: A scarring condition that affects the lungs
Pulmonary fibrosis /granuloma: A lung disease characterized by stiffening and inflammation of lung tissue.
Pulmonary haemosiderosis, primary: A rare condition characterized by anemia, coughing up blood and iron deposits in the lungs. The disorder is the result of recurring bleeding in the lungs which leads to a buildup of iron in the lungs. Symptoms may develop slowly or quickly and may become evident at any age.
Pulmonary heart disease: Heart disease that is caused by pulmonary conditions
Pulmonary hemangiomatosis: A rare condition characterized by the proliferation of small blood vessels or capillaries in various parts of the lungs - pleura, bronchial and venous walls and alveolar septa.
Pulmonary hypertension: Pulmonary hypertension refers to high blood pressure in the blood vessels that carry blood to the lungs. Blood pressure in other parts of the body is normal or sometimes even low. The condition may be caused by such things as lung conditions (e.g. emphysema, chronic bronchitis), heart conditions (e.g. congestive heart failure, birth defects involving heart), AIDS or medications such as fenfluramine (a diet drug). Sometimes it occurs for no apparent reason and is called primary pulmonary hypertension.
Pulmonary hypoplasia familial primary: A rare malformation where the lungs fail to develop properly. Death often occurs as a result.
Pulmonary incompetence: A condition characterised by incompetence of the pulmonary valve of the heart
Pulmonary infections related to AIDS: It usually occurs due to decreased immunity.
Pulmonary lymphangiectasia, congenital: A rare congenital condition where the lungs fail to develop normally. The disorder is characterized by the presence of dilated lymph ducts throughout the lungs.
Pulmonary mucormycosis: An infectious disease caused by fungus from the order Mucorales which is normally found in the soil and in decaying plant matter. Transmission is usually through the inhalation of spores. It is generally harmless to healthy individuals but can cause infection in patients who are immunocompromised or who have a serious chronic illness such as uncontrolled diabetes. Symptoms and severity can vary considerable depending on the part of the body the infection occurs in - gastrointestinal tract, skin, lungs, central nervous system, eye orbit and the paranasal sinuses. Pulmonary mucormycosis involves infection of the lungs.
Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia, familial: An uncommon lung condition characterized by the abnormal diffuse accumulation of lymphocytes in the lungs. The condition may be inherited in a familial pattern.
Pulmonary oxygen toxicity: High oxygen levels which affects the lungs. Oxygen toxicity can occur when mechanical ventilation using pure oxygen is used or during diving.
Pulmonary pseudolymphoma: An uncommon condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of lymphocytes in the lungs or the lymph glands in the mediastinum. The anomaly may appear similar to a lymphoma.
Pulmonary sequestration: A lung malformation where a portion of tissue that is meant to develop into a part of the lung is not attached to the lung blood supply and is not associated with lung function. Severity of symptoms is variable.
Pulmonary surfactant protein B, deficiency of: A rare lung disease where protein and fat molecules accumulate in the distant parts of the lungs and affect breathing. The disease is called by a deficiency of a the lung surfactant protein B.
Pulmonary veins stenosis: A congenital malformation where the pulmonary veins are narrowed.
Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease: Any disease which causes a lung vein to become narrow or blocked. The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to various body tissues.
Pulmonary zygomycosis: An infectious disease caused by fungus from the order Mucorales which is normally found in the soil and in decaying plant matter. Transmission is usually through the inhalation of spores. It is generally harmless to healthy individuals but can cause infection in patients who are immunocompromised or who have a serious chronic illness such as uncontrolled diabetes. Symptoms and severity can vary considerable depending on the part of the body the infection occurs in - gastrointestinal tract, skin, lungs, central nervous system, eye orbit and the paranasal sinuses. Pulmonary zygomycosis involves infection of the lungs.
Pulp Worker's disease: Inhalation of pulp particles contaminated with fungus in an occupational setting (paper mill industry) can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the fungus in the airborne pulp particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Pulp Worker's disease -- Alternaria spp.: Inhalation of pulp particles contaminated with fungus (Alternaria spp.) in an occupational setting (e.g. paper mill industry) can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the fungus in the airborne wood pulp particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis: A rare viral disease where a number of non-cancerous growths form in the respiratory tract.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections: A very contagious viral infection that causes respiratory diseases. It generally only causes common cold-like symptoms in adults but can be serious in young children, infants, the elderly and people with a weakened immune system.
Respiratory conditions: Any condition that affects the respiratory system
Respiratory depression: Also known as bradyapnea is the decreased rate of breathing.
Respiratory diphtheria: Lung infection from Diphtheria
Respiratory distress syndrome, infant: A respiratory disorder caused by deficiency of pulmonary surfactant in premature infants which prevents normal lung functioning.
Respiratory failure: Failure of the respiratory system
Respiratory infections: Any infection that occurs to the respiratory system
Respiratory muscle paralysis: Respiratory paralysis occurs when the muscles associated with breathing become do weak to function properly. Breathing becomes difficulty and severe cases can result in death if breathing assistance is not delivered. The condition can result from such things as motor neuron disease, trauma and myopathy.
Respiratory paralysis: Respiratory paralysis occurs when the muscles associated with breathing become do weak to function properly. Breathing becomes difficulty and severe cases can result in death if breathing assistance is not delivered. The condition can result from such things as motor neuron disease, trauma and myopathy.
Respiratory syncytial virus: Viral respiratory infection serious in young infants.
Respiratory-Bronchiolitis-associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A relatively uncommon form of lung inflammation that has no apparent cause though the majority of patients have a history of smoking. Symptoms tend to develop over a period of six months to one and a half years.
Reticuloendotheliosis: An inherited disorder of the reticuloendothelial system which is involved in destroying bacteria and other unwanted substances that enter the body.
Rhabdomyomatous dysplasia -- cardiopathy -- genital anomalies: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by genital anomalies, heart disease and lung problems.
Rostan asthma: Shortness of breath caused by fluid accumulation in the lungs associated with congestive heart failure. Symptoms usually occur at night.
SARS: Serious respiratory infection
Salicylate-sensitive asthma: Salicylate-sensitive asthma is a type of asthma that is triggered by salicylates which can be found in medications such as aspirin as well as many foods. Asthma involves constriction and inflammation of the airways which makes breathing difficult. The severity of symptoms is variable.
Sarcoidosis: Rare autoimmune disease usually affecting the lungs.
Sarcoidosis, pulmonary: A rare disease involving inflammation of the lungs which leads to the development of nodules, fibrosis and scarring of lung tissue.
Seasonal asthma: Seasonal asthma refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that is triggered by the presence of airborne allergens such as pollen. This type of asthma tends to occur in a seasonal cycle in response to seasonal increases in levels of pollen and other airborne allergens in the air. The severity of symptoms is variable.
Secondary Emphysema:
Severe asthma:
Severe, refractory asthma: Severe refractory asthma is a type of asthma that is severe and difficult to treat. Asthma involves constriction and inflammation of the airways which makes breathing difficult.
Shaver's disease: A progressive lung disorder caused by exposure to aluminium oxide which is present in bauxite fumes. The condition involves inflammation and damage to the air sacs in the lungs.
Shell nail syndrome: A syndrome characterized by deterioration of the nail beds, clubbed fingers, inflammation around the bone and bronchiectasis.
Shortness of breath: The feeling of being short of breath
Siderosis: Abnormal deposits of iron in body tissues. Symptoms will depend on which tissues the iron is deposited in.
Silent asthma: Silent asthma is a type of asthma that occurs suddenly and is usually severe. The wheezing that usually precipitates and asthma attack is usually absent or very mild. Silent asthma involves rapid constriction and inflammation of the airways which makes breathing difficult.
Silicosiderosis: A lung disorder caused by breathing in dust containing iron and silica.
Silicosis: An occupation lung disease caused by breathing in silica dust.
Silkworm dropping lung: Inhalation of silkworm dropping particles in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Small Cell Lung Cancer: Small cell lung cancer is a cancer of the small cells which make up some of the lung tissue. It tends to be a more aggressive cancer than large cell lung cancer and can metastasize to other parts of the body. This type of cancer nearly always occurs in a people with a history of smoking.
Small cell lung cancer, adult: Small cell lung cancer is a cancer of the lung tissue which is made up of small cells. It tends to be a more aggressive cancer than large cell lung cancer and can metastasize to other parts of the body.
Spontaneous pneumothorax, familial type: A rare inherited disorder which causes the lungs to collapse spontaneously.
Sporotrichosis -- pulmonary: A fungal infection caused by the fungus Sporothrix schenckii. Usually only the skin is infected but bones, lungs and central nervous system can rarely be affected also. Transmission usually occurs through inhalation of the fungus.
Steroid-dependant asthma: Steroid-dependant asthma refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that can be managed only through regular use of oral steroids. Excessive use of steroids can lead to side effects so other therapies are often advised e.g. immunoglobulin therapy. The severity of symptoms is variable.
Steroid-resistant asthma: Steroid-resistant asthma refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that does not respond to treatment with steroids. However, higher than normal doses of steroids will alleviate symptoms in most patients but the higher doses carries an increased risk of side effects from steroid use. Other therapies such as immunoglobulin therapy is advised. The severity of symptoms is variable.
Steroid-resistant asthma, type I: Steroid-resistant asthma is a type of asthma that doesn't respond to steroid treatment. Steroids work by attaching to a particular part of the T-cells which make up the immune system. In type I, the T-cells have sufficient attachment points for the steroids but they are ineffective. In type II, there are insufficient attachment points for the steroids. Steroid-resistant asthma (like other forms of asthma) involves rapid constriction and inflammation of the airways which makes breathing difficult.
Steroid-resistant asthma, type II: Steroid-resistant asthma is a type of asthma that doesn't respond to steroid treatment. Steroids work by attaching to a particular part of the T-cells which make up the immune system. In type I, the T-cells have sufficient attachment points for the steroids but they are ineffective. In type II, there are insufficient attachment points for the steroids which make them less effective or completely ineffective. Steroid-resistant asthma (like other forms of asthma) involves rapid constriction and inflammation of the airways which makes breathing difficult.
Steroid-sensitive asthma: Steroid-sensitive asthma refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that responds well to treatment with steroids. The severity of symptoms is variable.
Stridor: A harsh high pitched breath sound
Suberosis: Inhalation of cork particles contaminated with mould in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the mould in the airborne cork particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Suffocation: A state of asphyxiation that results in the arrest of respiration
Surfactant Metabolism Dysfunction: Surfactant metabolism dysfunction is a group of genetic conditions characterized by servere breathing problems or breathing failure in infants who were born at full term. A genetic defect results in a disruption of the lipids and proteins which reduced the surface tension in the lung alveoli and allows transfer of oxgent between the lungs and the blood supply.
Surfactant Metabolism Dysfunction, Pulmonary, 1: Surfactant metabolism dysfunction is a group of genetic conditions characterized by severe breathing problems or breathing failure in infants who were born at full term. A genetic defect results in a disruption of the lipids and proteins which reduced the surface tension in the lung alveoli and allows transfer of oxgen between the lungs and the blood supply. Type 1 involves a defect in the pulmonary associated surfactant protein B (SFTPB) and due to a genetic anomaly located on chromosome 2p12-11.2.
Surfactant Metabolism Dysfunction, Pulmonary, 2: Surfactant metabolism dysfunction is a group of genetic conditions characterized by severe breathing problems or breathing failure in infants who were born at full term. A genetic defect results in a disruption of the lipids and proteins which reduced the surface tension in the lung alveoli and allows transfer of oxygen between the lungs and the blood supply. Type 2 involves a defect in the pulmonary associated surfactant protein C (SFTPC) and due to a genetic anomaly located on chromosome 8p21.
Surfactant Metabolism Dysfunction, Pulmonary, 3: Surfactant metabolism dysfunction is a group of genetic conditions characterized by severe breathing problems or breathing failure in infants who were born at full term. A genetic defect results in a disruption of the lipids and proteins which reduced the surface tension in the lung alveoli and allows transfer of oxgen between the lungs and the blood supply. Type 3 involves a defect on chromosome 16p13.3 which is believed to affect the secretion of surfactant.
Surfactant Metabolism Dysfunction, Pulmonary, 4: Surfactant metabolism dysfunction is a group of genetic conditions characterized by severe breathing problems or breathing failure in infants who were born at full term. A genetic defect results in a disruption of the lipids and proteins which reduced the surface tension in the lung alveoli and allows transfer of oxygen between the lungs and the blood supply. Type 4 involves a genetic defect (CSF2RA) located on chromosome Xp22.32.
Swyer, James & McLeod Syndrome: A rare acquired lung anomaly where one lung is more translucent than the other. It may be caused by the destruction of peripheral capillaries in the affected lung usually as a result of recurring lung infections during childhood.
Tetraamelia with pulmonary hypoplasia: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by the absence of arms and legs and abnormal lung development.
Thanatophoric dysplasia:
Thatched Roof disease: Inhalation of thatched roof particles in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Thymic-Renal-Anal-Lung dysplasia: A rare syndrome characterized by abnormalities involving the lungs, anus, kidneys and thymus.
Tobacco smoke associated asthma: Tobacco smoke associated asthma refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that is caused by exposure to tobacco smoke. The severity of symptoms is variable.
Tracheobronchomalacia: A rare condition where delayed development of the cartilage that makes up the trachea results in excessive collapsibility of the trachea resulting in breathing difficulty.
Tracheobronchopathia osteoplastica: A rare condition where bone or cartilage nodules develop in the walls of the trachea and main bronchi. The condition may stabilize or progress slowly but rarely does it affect airflow to a significant degree.
Tuberculosis: Bacterial infection causing nodules forming, most commonly in the lung.
Tuberculosis, pulmonary: Lung infection caused by a contagious bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infection occurs through inhalation of contaminants from infected people. Infection may spread from the lungs to other organs. The infection may incubate for years, be asymptomatic or produced symptoms within weeks. Immunocompromised people may suffer severe symptoms.
Unilateral pulmonary agenesis: A very rare birth defect where one side of the lung is incompletely developed or totally absent. The symptoms and severity of the condition is variable and other malformation are often associated with the condition.
Virus-induced asthma: Virus-induced asthma refers to inflammation and constriction of the airways that is triggered by a viral respiratory infection. This form of asthma usually has a sudden onset and is relatively severe. Viral respiratory infections can also exacerbate existing asthma symptoms.
Wegener's granulomatosis: A rare disease involving blood vessel inflammation which can affect the blood flow to various tissues and organs and hence cause damage. The respiratory system and the kidneys are the main systems affected.
Wheezing: A whistling like continuous sound that is caused by the respiratory system
Williams-Campbell syndrome: A rare disorder involving a reduction or absence of cartilage in the bronchi which affects lung functioning. Severity of the symptoms depends on the scale of the defect.
Wine Grower's lung: Inhalation of grape mold particles in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Wood trimmer's disease: Inhalation of wood trimming particles in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Woodworker's lung: Inhalation of a wood particles in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the wood particles. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Woodworker's lung -- Cedar dust: Inhalation of a wood dust from the Cedar tree in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the wood dust. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Woodworker's lung -- Mahogany dust: Inhalation of a wood dust from the mahogany tree in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the wood dust. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Woodworker's lung -- Maple dust: Inhalation of a wood dust from the maple tree in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the wood dust. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Woodworker's lung -- Oak dust: Inhalation of a wood dust from the oak tree in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the wood dust. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Woodworker's lung -- Pine dust: Inhalation of a wood dust from the pine tree in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the wood dust. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.
Woodworker's lung -- Spruce dust: Inhalation of a wood dust from the spruce tree in an occupational setting can cause various lung symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the duration of the exposure. The lung symptoms result from the body's immune system reacting to exposure to the wood dust. Chronic exposure can lead to progressive lung symptoms which can gradually lead to symptoms such as weight loss and eventually lung scarring and possibly even respiratory failure in severe cases. Acute exposure results in symptoms such as fever, chills, shortness of breath and body aches.

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