Treatment of most viral diseases begins with preventing the spread of the specific virus with hygiene measures. However, the virus that most commonly causes mononucleosis, the Epstein-Barr virus, is extremely common and causes viral infection in most people at one time or another during their lifetimes. It is also possible to spread the Epstein-Barr virus even when a person is not sick. Because of this, there is little that can be done to prevent its spread. However, avoiding contact with another person's saliva by not sharing glasses or toothbrushes is still a good disease prevention measure.
Treatment of mononucleosis starts with prevention. Preventive measures include avoiding kissing and contact with other people's mouth and saliva, especially if they have recently been sick with mononucleosis or have had flu-like symptoms. It is important not to share glasses, silverware, or personal items, such as mouthguards and toothbrushes.
There is currently no cure for mononucleosis. Once the disease is contracted, treatment includes measures to help relieve symptoms so that one is comfortable enough to get the rest needed to keep up strength and recover without developing complications.
Treatment includes plenty of rest and using over-the-counter medications, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen as directed to ease symptoms, such as fever, headache and sore throat. Aspirin should never be given to children or adolescents who have a fever because of the risk of developing a life-threatening disorder called Reye's syndrome. Good care also includes drinking plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration.
Antibiotics are not prescribed for mononucleosis because they are ineffective against the viruses that cause mononucleosis. However, antibiotics may be prescribed if a person develops a secondary bacterial infection as a complication of mononucleosis, such as strep throat, tonsillitis, or a bacterial sinusitis. Antiviral drugs that are currently available also have o effect in treating mononucleosis.
Corticosteroid drugs may be prescribed to reduce the swelling of the tonsils and throat.
Because mononucleosis can lead to an enlarged spleen, it is recommended to avoid dangerous activities that could result in abdominal trauma and a ruptured spleen, a life-threatening emergency.
The list of treatments mentioned in various sources for Mononucleosis includes the following list. Always seek professional medical advice about any treatment or change in treatment plans.
The first step in getting correct treatment is to get a correct diagnosis. Differential diagnosis list for Mononucleosis may include:
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