Glossary for Sensory conditions

• ACHOO: A genetic predisposition to start sneezing in response to bright light - especially just after or while in a dark environment.
• Abnormal sensations: altered sensations due to involvement of the posterior column
• Achalasia -- adrenal -- alacrima syndrome: A familial disorder characterized by adrenal gland-related hormonal problems, swallowing difficulty (achalasia) and a lack of tears (alacrima). Neurological impairment and motor and sensory neuropathy is progressive. The adrenal glands in patients are resistant to the ACTH hormone and hence fails to operate normally.
• Acquired Synesthesia: Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality. The neurological anomaly is involuntary and there are a range of theories that attempt to explain the etiology of the condition. Synesthesia may be idiopathic (developmental) or acquired e.g. the use of certain drugs such as LSD may produce synesthesia. There is a wide range of possible perceptual anomalies. Other examples include:
  • perceiving months or weekdays as a color
  • perceiving months or weekdays as a particular spatial location e.g. July is always located 2 metres in front of you
  • perceiving a sound as a particular color e.g. a microwave beep is perceived as orange
  • particular words can trigger a specific taste in the mouth
  • smelling things can result in the sensation of touch - e.g. smelling a flower can feel like touching cold glass
  • pain perceived as a particular color
  • and many others.
• Acrodynia: Symptoms caused by chronic mercury poisoning in infants in children.
• Acroosteolysis neurogenic: A very rare inherited condition characterized mainly by the loss of all sensations - the lose the ability to feel pain, temperature and touch. The loss of sensation generally starts at the toes and fingers and spreads up the limbs and the trunk may also be involved in some cases.
• Acroparesthesia syndrome: A condition involving episodes of paresthesia (tingling, numbness and stiffness) mainly in the lower arms and hands. It most often occurs in middle-aged women.
• Acute idiopathic polyneuritis: A rare progressive form of ascending polyneuropathy believed to be an autoimmune response.
• Agnosia: Agnosia is a loss of ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds, shapes, or smells while the specific sense is not defective nor is there any significant memory loss.
• Agnosia, primary visual: A reduced or complete loss of ability to recognize familiar objects or people by using their visual senses. The condition is caused by a brain abnormality rather than a problem with any of the senses.
• Alien hand syndrome: A condition where a person seems to have no sense of association with their own hand. They feel that the hand is not under their control and moves on its own. Sometimes the patient may be unaware of the hands movements unless it is brought to their attention. The condition can result from a brain injury, stroke or infection or from brain surgery.
• Alopecia, anosmia, deafness, hypogonadism syndrome: A rare
• Anosmia: Reduced or complete loss of ability to smell. Can be a temporary condition associated with colds or a permanent condition resulting from damage to the olefactory nerve which is responsible for the sense of smell.
• Anosognosia: A condition where a person suffering who is suffering from a disability resulting from a brain injury but is in denial of the fact that they are indeed suffering from a disability. For example a person who has become blind after a brain injury may still firmly believe that they can see. Schizophrenics may refuse treatment because they refuse to acknowledge that there is something wrong with them.
• Arima syndrome: A rare disorder characterized mainly by eye and brain abnormalities.
• Asparagus, specific smell hypersensitivity: Eating asparagus results in the excretion of an odorous compound but only some people are actually able to smell this compound. This some people are more sensitive to the smell.
• Asymbolia for pain: A rare inherited anomaly where a person has no pain sensation - the patient is unable to feel physical pain. Patients can be prone to severe injuries as they are unable to detect if they've been injured or have a broken bone.
• Autosomal Dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth with hearing loss: A dominantly inherited form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease which also involves hearing loss. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is a progressive nerve disease that affects the peripheral nerves and hence the muscles primarily in the limbs.
• Berger paresthesia: A rare disorder characterized by paresthesia and weakness in the lower legs.
• Bosma-Henkin-Christiansen syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by a reduced sense of smell, an underdeveloped nose and hypogonadism.
• Brachioradial pruritus: A condition characterized by itching, burning and other sensations of the skin on one or both arms. The skin has no visible evidence of the skin unless the patient causes damage to the skin due to scratching or rubbing. The condition results from nerve damage. It is believed that in some cases the condition arises from nerve damage due to excessive sun exposure. Thus the outer parts of the arm (which tend to receive more sun) tend to be more affected than the inner parts of the arm. In other people, damage to the nerves in the neck from such things as compression or a spinal tumor may also result in the condition.
• Brain Damage-Induced Synesthesia: Brain damage-induced synesthesia is a form of synesthesia resulting from damage to the brain - usually results from damage to the front portion of the brain or the optical nerve. Damage to the brain may involve tumors, disease processes or even trauma. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality. There is a range of possible manifestations, particularly those that involve touch and visual stimuli.
• Brown-Sequard Syndrome: A disorder where spinal cord compression and lesions involve only half of the spinal cord.
• Burning: When a person willingly harms themselves
• Burning feet syndrome: Abnormal burning and stinging sensations in the feet which may be accompanied by redness and swelling. It may be caused by factors such as kidney failure, liver damage, thyroid problems, blood disorders, nerve damage, fungal infections, chronic alcoholism and ill-fitting shoes. In some cases, the eyes may also be affected
• Burning mouth syndrome, Type 1: A rare condition where there is a burning sensation in the mouth and tongue. Type 1 describes mouth burning that may be absent on waking but gets worse during the day. This type is often linked to conditions such as diabetes and nutritional deficiencies.
• Burning mouth syndrome, Type 2: A rare condition where there is a burning sensation in the mouth and tongue. Type 2 describes constant mouth burning that does not fluctuate during the day. This form is often linked to reduced salivary gland functioning due to antidepressant use.
• Burning mouth syndrome- Type 3: A rare condition where there is a burning sensation in the mouth and tongue. Type 3 describes mouth burning that comes and goes during the day and is often linked to anxiety and allergies (especially food additives).
• CANOMAD syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized by a range of abnormalities caused by immune-mediated nerve demyelination. There is usually no loss of limb function associated with the disorder. The face, throat, mouth and eye symptoms (weakness of the muscles) usually come and go.
• Carpal tunnel syndrome pain: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), or median neuropathy at the wrist, is a medical condition in which the median nerve is compressed at the wrist, leading to paresthesias, numbness and muscle weakness in the hand.
• Cervical hypertrichosis neuropathy: A very rare disorder characterized mainly by a hairy throat and abnormal sensations in the hands and feet.
• Channelopathy-associated insensitivity to pain: A rare inherited anomaly where a person has no pain sensation - the patient is unable to feel physical pain. Patients can be prone to severe injuries as they are unable to detect if they've been injured or have a broken bone.
• Charcot disease: Charcot joint occurs in the presence of sensory or autonomic neuropathy and presents as progressive microtrauma resulting in joint destruction and deformity. It characteristically occurs in weight bearing joints such as the foot, ankle and knee.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disorder: Degeneration of limb muscles.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (generic term): A group of inherited neurological disorders characterized by problems with the peripheral nerves. Muscle weakness, muscle wasting and sensory problems are the most common symptoms. The severity and age of onset of symptoms varies depending on the specific subtype of the disorder.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease -- deafness: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and deafness involves the usual CMT symptoms as well as deafness.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease deafness recessive type: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4D is inherited recessively and is caused by a defected in a gene in chromosome 8 and is a severe form of the disease that also involves deafness.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with ptosis and parkinsonism: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. This particular type of CMT also involves a drooping upper eyelid and parkinsonism.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with pyramidal features, autosomal dominant: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 5 has an autosomal dominant inheritance, progresses slowly and involves movement disorders.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 1A: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 1A is inherited as an autosomal dominant pattern and involves the duplication of the PMP22 gene on chromosome 17.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 1B: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 1B is inherited as an autosomal dominant pattern and involves a defect in the MPZ gene on chromosome 1. The severity of the condition is variable depending on the age of onset with severe infantile cases resulting in the inability to walk at an early age.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 1C: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 1C is inherited as an autosomal dominant pattern and involves a defect in the LITAF/SIMPLE gene on chromosome 16.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 1D: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 1D is caused by a defect of the ERG2 gene on chromosome 10 and usually results in a severe form of the disease.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 1E: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 1E involves the usual CMT symptoms as well as deafness.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 1F: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 1F is caused by a defect of a gene in chromosome 8 and involves the neurofilament light chain protein.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2A: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2AI: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2A1 has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect in the KIF1B gene on chromosome 1p36.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2AII: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2A2 has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect in the MFN2 gene on chromosome 1p36.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2B: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2B has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect in the gene for the protein RAB 7 located on chromosome 3.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2B1: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2B1 has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect in the LMNA gene located on chromosome 1.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2B2: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2B2 has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect located on chromosome 19.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2C: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2C has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect in chromosome 12 and involves diaphragm and vocal cord weakness as well as hand and foot problems.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2D: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2D has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect in the glycyl RNA synthetase gene on chromosome 7p15. The hands tend to be more severely affected than the feet.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2E: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2C has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect in the neurofilament light gene on chromosome 8p21.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2F: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2F has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect in the HSPB1 gene on chromosome 7.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2G: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2G has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect on chromosome 12.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2H: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2H has an autosomal recessive inheritance and involves a defect in the GDAP1 gene on chromosome 8.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2I: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2J: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2J has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect on chromosome 1q22.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2K: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2K has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect on chromosome 8.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2L: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2L has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect in the HSPB8 gene on chromosome 12.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 4A: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4A has an autosomal recessive inheritance and involves a defect in the GDAP 1 protein gene on chromosome 8. The recessive forms of CMT tend to be more severe than the dominant form and often involve hand and foot problems as well as additional systemic symptoms.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 4B1: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4B1 has an autosomal recessive inheritance and involves a defect in MTMR2 gene on chromosome 11.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 4B2: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4B2 has an autosomal recessive inheritance and involves a defect in the CMT4B2 gene on chromosome 11.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 4B2, with early-onset glaucoma: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. This type is characterized by the involvement of glaucoma which starts during childhood.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 4C: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4B2 has an autosomal recessive inheritance and involves a defect in the KIAA1985 gene on chromosome 5. It involves motor and sensory problems as well as scoliosis.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 4E: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4B2 has an autosomal recessive inheritance and involves a defect in the EGR2 gene on chromosome 10.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 4F: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4F has an autosomal recessive form of inheritance and is a severe form of the disease. It involves a defect in the PRX gene on Chromosome 19q13.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 4G: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4G has an autosomal recessive form of inheritance and is a severe form of the disease. It involves a defect on Chromosome 10.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 4H: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4H has an autosomal recessive form of inheritance and involves a defect on Chromosome 11.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, X-linked: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type X2 is an inherited defect of the X chromosome and affects males to a greater degree than females.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, X-linked recessive, 2: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type X2 is an inherited defect of the X chromosome and affects males to a greater degree than females.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, X-linked recessive, 3: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type X3 is an inherited defect of the X chromosome and affects males to a greater degree than females.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, X-linked recessive, 4: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4X is an inherited defect of the X chromosome and affects males to a greater degree than females and also involves mental retardation and deafness.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, X-linked recessive, 5: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type X5 is an inherited defect of the X chromosome and affects males to a greater degree than females. In addition to normal CMT symptoms it also involves deafness and eye problems.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, X-linked, 1: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type X1 is an inherited defect of the X chromosome (defect in GJB1 gene) and affects males to a greater degree than females. Transient central nervous system symptoms are also sometimes involved.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, demyelinating, autosomal dominant: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, dominant intermediate 1: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. The condition is denoted dominant intermediate because it is inherited dominantly and the nerve conduction speed is at an intermediate level. It involves a defect in chromosome 10.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, dominant intermediate 2: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. The condition is denoted dominant intermediate because it is inherited dominantly and the nerve conduction speed is at an intermediate level. It involves a defect in the dynamin-2 gene on chromosome 19p13.2.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, dominant intermediate 3: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. The condition is denoted dominant intermediate because it is inherited dominantly and the nerve conduction speed is at an intermediate level. It involves a defect in the tyrosyl-tRNA gene on chromosome 1p35.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 1: A slow-progressing muscle disease characterized by muscle weakness and wasting that starts in the hands and feet. Very few patients become wheelchair dependent and life span is not affected. The disorder is inherited in an dominant pattern an involves demyelination of the nerves.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 2: A rare inherited disorder characterized by abnormalities in the axon of the peripheral nerve cells instead of the myelin sheath coating of the nerves. The condition manifests as muscle weakness and wasting that usually starts in the legs and spreads to the hands and other parts of the body. The severity, age of onset and rate of progression of the condition varies depending on the genetic origin of the defect.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 4: A rare group of demyelinating motor and sensory neuropathies consisting of a number of subtypes. The various subtypes are caused by different genetic defects.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1 aplasia cutis congenital: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. This form of the condition is inherited recessively and involves only mild muscle symptoms as well as a scalp defect.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth, demyelinating, autosomal recessive: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4 has an autosomal recessive form of inheritance and is a severe form of the disease.
• Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy: A rare disorder involving swelling of nerve roots and destruction of the protective layer around nerves. Severe symptoms can take up to a year or more to develop.
• Colored-Graphemes: Colored-grapheme synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where words are perceived as having particular colors e.g. the word laugh may be perceived as yellow. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Colored-Gustation: Colored gustation is a form of synesthesia where tasting a particular taste results in a perception of color e.g. taste of a salty food may be perceived as red. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Colored-Letters: Colored-letter synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where letters are perceived as having particular colors e.g. the letter s may be perceived as yellow and words may be perceived as a mix of colors. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Colored-Numbers: Colored-number synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where numbers are perceived as having particular colors e.g. the number 8 may be perceived as yellow. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Colored-Olfaction: Colored olfaction is a form of synesthesia where smelling a particular smell results in a perception of color e.g. the smell of oranges may be perceived as bright purple. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Concussion-Induced Synesthesia: Concussion-induced synesthesia is a form of synesthesia resulting from a concussion. Concussion is an injury to the brain which temporarily affects normal brain function. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality. The most common manifestation is the experiencing of pain when hearing a sudden noise or being exposed to a bright light.
• Congenital Analgesia, Autosomal Recessive: A rare inherited anomaly where a person has no pain sensation - the patient is unable to feel physical pain. Patients can be prone to severe injuries as they are unable to detect if they've been injured or have a broken bone.
• Congenital Analgesia, Autosomal dominant: A rare inherited anomaly where a person has no pain sensation - the patient is unable to feel physical pain. Patients can be prone to severe injuries as they are unable to detect if they've been injured or have a broken bone.
• Congenital Insensitivity to Pain: A rare congenital condition where a person has no pain sensation - the patient is unable to feel physical pain. Patients can be prone to severe injuries as they are unable to detect if they've been injured or have a broken bone.
• Congenital Pain Insensitivity: A rare congenital condition where a person has no pain sensation - the patient is unable to feel physical pain. Patients can be prone to severe injuries as they are unable to detect if they've been injured or have a broken bone.
• Congenital anosmia: An inherited reduction or total lack of sense of smell.
• Congenital hypomyelination neuropathy: A rare neurological disorder that is apparent at birth and is characterized by breathing difficulty and muscle problems.
• Congenital indifference to pain, autosomal dominant: A rare inherited anomaly where a person has no pain sensation - the patient is unable to feel physical pain. Patients can be prone to severe injuries as they are unable to detect if they've been injured or have a broken bone.
• Congenital indifference to pain, autosomal recessive: A rare inherited anomaly where a person has no pain sensation - the patient is unable to feel physical pain. Patients can be prone to severe injuries as they are unable to detect if they've been injured or have a broken bone.
• Congenital insensitivity to pain syndrome: A rare disorder characterized by the lack of ability to feel physical pain. Sufferers often sustain injuries to their bodies because of this. They may even inadvertently injure themselves by biting their lips or tongue or scratching themselves without realizing they are doing damage to their bodies. They may lose teeth because they are unable to feel the pain of tooth decay.
• Corpus callosum agenesis-neuropathy: A rare genetic disorder involving mental retardation, progressive neuropathy and absence of the fibers that connect the two halves of the brain together.
• Cramp-fasciculations syndrome: A rare condition characterized by muscle pain, cramps, twitching, spasms and other abnormal sensations that occur mainly in the limbs.
• Crisponi syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized by excessive muscle contractions in response to stimulus, claw hand, distinctive facial features and fever. Most patients die within months of birth due to complications of hyperthermia but some cases are slowly progressive with longer survival possible.
• Decreased pain sensation: diminished sensation of pain resulting from a raised pain threshold
• Decreased penile sensation: Decreased penile sensation is a lowered level of feeling in the penis.
• Decreased responsiveness to light: the pupillary light reflex is the reduction of pupil size in response to light. A sluggish or slow pupillary response is known as an abnormal pupillary response to light
• Dejerine-Sottas Syndrome: A condition characterized by a progressive hyperplasia of the interstitial connective tissue causing thickening of the peripheral nerve
• Dejerine-Sottas disease: An inherited, progressive, hypertrophic nervous system disorder which affects limb function.
• Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Diabetic nerve damage affecting toes, feet, and sometimes hands.
• Drug-Induced Synesthesia: Drug-induced synesthesia is a form of synesthesia resulting from taking certain drugs, particularly hallucinogens such as LSD or mescalin. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality. There is a wide range of possible manifestations.
• Dyck Syndrome: A very rare condition observe in two brothers. It involves vision, hearing, muscle, sensory and adrenal system problems and an enlarged liver and spleen.
• Dysesthetic Vulvodynia: Generalized pain in the vulvar region which can occur intermittently or constantly and has no obvious cause. The pain may be triggered by activities that put pressure on the area such as bike riding, tight clothes or even intercourse.
• Emotion to Color Synesthesia: Time to space synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where emotions (may include peoples name or emotional words) are perceived as a particular color e.g. funny may be perceived as the color purple. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Epileptic synesthesia: Epileptic synesthesia is form of synesthesia resulting from having a seizure. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality. There is a wide range of possible manifestations but the main one tends to be experiencing a particular taste such as bitter or chocolate even though there is no food in the mouth. It results from abnormal stimulation of the brain resulting from the seizure.
• Facial paresthesia: Numbness and tingling are abnormal sensations felt on the face.
• Familial amyloid polyneuropathy: A rare inherited condition where impaired nerve function is caused by amyloid deposits in peripheral nerves.
• Familial dysautonomia: An inherited biochemical disorder that primarily affects the autonomic and sensory nervous system.
• Focal somatosensory seizure: A focal somatosensory seizure is an electrical disturbance that originates in a part of the brain involved with the senses. The resulting symptoms involve unusual sensations that affects sensations such as pain, temperature and pressure.
• Guillain-Barre Syndrome: A rare progressive form of ascending polyneuropathy believed to be an autoimmune response.
• HIV-like dysguesia: Dysguesia is distortion or decrease of the sense of taste.
• Haenel syndrome: A disorder that occurs in patients in the late stage of neurosyphilis where they feel no pain when pressure is applied to the eye. Neurosyphilis causes damage to the nerves that carry sensory information to the brain.
• Hagemoser Weinstein Bresnick syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by deafness, neuropathy and vision problems.
• Henkin syndrome: A rare disorder characterized by impaired senses of taste and smell.
• Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathy with Deafness, Mental Retardation and Absence of Large Myelinated Fibers: An inherited condition reported in three brothers involving mental retardation, deafness and nerve and muscle problems. The hearing loss is severe and occurs in the first year of life.
• Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies: A rare disorder where the peripheral nerves are more sensitive to pressure than normal which results in recurring periods of numbness, tingling and sometimes loss of muscle function. The condition can affect one or more nerves such as the carpal tunnel nerve. Permanent damage to peripheral nerves can result from recurring episodes. The severity of symptoms are greatly variable from virtually asymptomatic to disability.
• Hereditary peripheral nervous disorder: A group of inherited disorders affecting the peripheral nerves (nerves other than the brain and spinal cord). The motor, sensory and/or autonomic nerves may be affected. Examples of such conditions includes Dejerine-Sottas disease and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
• Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy 3: A very rare inherited disorder affecting the peripheral and autonomic nervous system and characterized by reduced tear production, excessive sweating, poor body temperature control, blood pressure problems, impaired sensation and poor muscle control.
• Hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1: A rare genetic disorder where abnormalities in the nerves that control automatic responses causes loss of sensation in limbs.
• Hereditary sensory neuropathy type 2: A rare genetic disorder characterized by a loss of sensation in arms and legs as well as inflammation of fingers and toes.
• Holmes syndrome: Problems with space perception as a result of brain injury.
• Hyperexplexia: A rare condition where the startle reflex is exaggerated. Triggers include sudden noise, movement or touch.
• Hypertrophic neuropathy of Dejerine-Sottas: An inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. The severity of the condition is variable.
• Ichthyosis follicularis-atrichia-photophobia syndrome: A rare genetic disorder characterized by loss of hair, sensitivity to light and a skin disorder.
• Idiopathic Synesthesia: Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality. The neurological anomaly is involuntary and there are a range of theories that attempt to explain the etiology of the condition. Synesthesia may be idiopathic (developmental) or acquired e.g. the use of certain drugs such as LSD may produce synesthesia. There is a wide range of possible perceptual anomalies. Other examples include:
  • perceiving months or weekdays as a color
  • perceiving months or weekdays as a particular spatial location e.g. July is always located 2 metres in front of you
  • perceiving a sound as a particular color e.g. a microwave beep is perceived as orange
  • particular words can trigger a specific taste in the mouth
  • smelling things can result in the sensation of touch - e.g. smelling a flower can feel like touching cold glass
  • pain perceived as a particular color
  • and many others.
• Impairment of oral perception: A rare disorder where the mouth lacks the ability to detect sensations which affects oral function.
• Indifference to Pain, Congenital, Autosomal Dominant: A rare inherited anomaly where a person has no pain sensation - the patient is unable to feel physical pain. Patients can be prone to severe injuries as they are unable to detect if they've been injured or have a broken bone.
• Indifference to Pain, Congenital, Autosomal Recessive: A rare inherited anomaly where a person has no pain sensation - the patient is unable to feel physical pain. Patients can be prone to severe injuries as they are unable to detect if they've been injured or have a broken bone.
• Infantile axonal neuropathy: A very rare form of progressive nerve damage that starts early in life. The central nervous system is also usually involved.
• Insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis: A rare disorder primarily involving insensitivity to pain with a lack of sweating.
• Insensitivity to pain with anhydrosis:
• Jequier-Deonna Syndrome: A very rare condition described in two sisters. It is characterized by vision and hearing problems and incoordination.
• Jumping Frenchmen of Maine: A rare condition where the startle reflex is greatly exaggerated. The startle reflex in this order is characterized by jumping, raising the arms, yelling, hitting, obeying sudden commands and repeating sentences.
• Kallmann Syndrome: A rare inherited condition characterized by hypogonadism, eunuchoidism and impaired or absent sense of smell. The condition occurs as a result of failure of a part of the hypothalamus which results in hormonal imbalance.
• Kallmann Syndrome 5: A rare inherited condition characterized by hypogonadism, eunuchoidism and impaired or absent sense of smell. The condition occurs as a result of failure of a part of the hypothalamus which results in hormonal imbalance. The symptoms and their severity may be somewhat variable. Type 5 is linked to a defect on chromosome 8q12.1.
• Kallmann Syndrome 6: A rare inherited condition characterized by hypogonadism, eunuchoidism and impaired or absent sense of smell. The condition occurs as a result of failure of a part of the hypothalamus which results in hormonal imbalance. The symptoms and their severity may be somewhat variable. Type 6 is linked to a defect on chromosome 10q24.
• Kallmann syndrome 2: A rare inherited condition characterized by hypogonadism and impaired or absent sense of smell. The condition occurs as a result of failure of a part of the hypothalamus which results in hormonal imbalance. Type 2 is caused by a genetic defect located at chromosome 8p11.2-p11.1.
• Kallmann syndrome, type 1, X-linked: A rare inherited condition characterized by hypogonadism and impaired or absent sense of smell. The condition occurs as a result of failure of a part of the hypothalamus which results in hormonal imbalance. Type 1 is caused by a genetic defect located at chromosome Xp22.3.
• Kallmann syndrome, type 3, recessive: A rare inherited condition characterized by hypogonadism and impaired or absent sense of smell. The condition occurs as a result of failure of a part of the hypothalamus which results in hormonal imbalance. Type 3 is recessively inherited and the genetic defect is located at chromosome 20p13.
• Kallmann syndrome, type 4: A rare inherited condition characterized by hypogonadism and impaired or absent sense of smell. The condition occurs as a result of failure of a part of the hypothalamus which results in hormonal imbalance. Type 4 is caused by a genetic defect located at chromosome 3p21.1.
• Lundberg I: A rare inherited disorder characterized by damage to the eye and a reduced ability to control movements as well as foot problems.
• MADSAM: A rare sensory and motor nerve disease which causes progressive numbness and weakness that usually starts in the hands. The condition may progress for a while and then remit.
• Meralgia paresthetica: A rare disorder where compression or injury of a nerve that connects the thigh to the spine results in abnormal, painful sensations in the outer part of the thigh. The condition is most common in middle-aged, overweight males.
• Mild burning:
• Miller Fisher Syndrome: Autoimmune nerve condition.
• Monakow syndrome: Blockage of the anterior choroidal artery can cause symptoms on the opposite side of the body to the blockage. Symptoms include weakness and loss of tactile sensation on one side of the body as well as blindness in half of one eye.
• Motor and Sensory Neuropathy, Optic Atrophy and Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A very rare inherited condition characterized by vision and hearing impairment and muscle and sensory problems. Hearing impairment is progressive and usually starts in early childhood.
• Multiple Sensory Synesthesia: Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality. Multiple sensory synesthesia is when sensations are experienced in three or more modalities when a stimulus is received in only one modality e.g. a bright light may trigger experiences of pain and sound.
• Neuron Degeneration-Induced Synesthesia: Neuron degeneration-induced synesthesia is a form of synesthesia resulting from the loss or destruction of certain nerves, particulary the ones involved in the senses. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality. There is a range of possible manifestations. For example, upon hearing a sound, a person may experience a flash of light.
• Neuropathy congenital sensory neurotrophic keratitis: A recessively inherited nerve disease which affects sensation and the eyes. Neurotrophic keratitis is a degenerative eye disease caused by damage to the trigeminal nerve. The lack of sensation in the limbs results in frequent damage to the tissues as the patient is unaware of pain or temperature.
• Neuropathy hereditary sensory and autonomic type 1: A neurological condition which can start in late childhood or adulthood and progresses slowly. It involves mainly sensory loss in the hands and feet as well as autonomic symptoms.
• Neuropathy hereditary with liability to pressure palsies:
• Neuropathy motor sensory type 2 deafness mental retardation: An inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Deafness and mental retardation are also involved.
• Neuropathy sensory spastic paraplegia: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by sensory nerve degeneration and spastic paraplegia. The extremities of the hands and feet have reduced pain sensation and disfiguring ulcers tend to develop.
• Neuropathy, Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Type I: Type I hereditary sensory neuropathy is an inherited condition characterized by progressive degeneration of the nervous system which manifests primarily as loss of sensation in the hands and feet. The sensory loss is worse in the feet and legs than the hands and arms. Muscle wasting and weakness of variable severity tends to occur after sensory loss.
• Neuropathy, Hereditary Sensory, Type I: Type I hereditary sensory neuropathy is an inherited condition characterized by progressive degeneration of the nervous system which manifests primarily as loss of sensation in the hands and feet. The sensory loss is worse in the feet and legs than the hands and arms. Muscle wasting and weakness of variable severity tends to occur after sensory loss.
• Neuropathy, Hereditary Sensory, Type II: A very rare inherited condition characterized mainly by the loss of all sensations such as pain, temperature and touch. The sensation impairment starts in the toes and fingers and spreads up the limbs with the trunk occasionally being affected. Injuries to the hands and feet are common as there is no pain associated with injury and the patient may be unaware that they even have an injury.
• Neuropathy, Hereditary Sensory, Type IV: A rare disorder characterized mainly by insensitivity to pain and inability to sweat.
• Neuropathy, hereditary motor and sensory, LOM type: A severe form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease which involves the loss of the protective covering around nerves resulting in various nerve problems. Muscle weakness and wasting and sensory loss is more severe in the ends of the arms and legs.
• Neuropathy, hereditary motor and sensory, Okinawa type: A dominantly inherited, slow-progressing motor and sensory nerve disease which primarily involves the proximal muscles (i.e. the muscles closest to the trunk of the body).
• Neuropathy, hereditary, sensory, radicular: A rare inherited degenerative disorder of the nervous system characterized by sensory loss in limbs, pain and foot ulcers.
• Notalgia paresthetica: A rare sensory nerve disorder involving the nerves radiating from the spine and characterized by areas of skin on the back that suffer itching, burning, lack of sensation and sometimes pigmentation.
• Nothnagel acroparesthesia: Stiffness, numbness and tingling in the extremities caused by blood vessel dilation and constriction abnormalities.
• Numbness: Loss of feeling or sensation
• Obal syndrome: The association of eye problems with severe malnutrition. The condition occurred frequently in soldiers, prisoners of war and people in concentration camps.
• Odours to Color Synesthesia: Odours to color synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where certain odours are perceived as a particular color e.g. the smell of garlic may be perceived as the color red. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Olefactory seizure: A type of seizure where abnormal electrical activity in a part of the brain that control the sense of smell results in episodes of abnormal olfactory symptoms.
• Ophtalmoplegia -- ataxia -- hypoacusis: A rare syndrome characterized by ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and reduced sensitivity to sound.
• Ordinal Personification: Ordinal personification is a form of synesthesia where numbers are perceived as having particular personality e.g. the number 8 may be perceived as a boy swinging on a swing and number 3 is his sister. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Orgasm to Color Synesthesia: Orgasm to Color synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where an orgasm is perceived as a particular color. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Osuntokun syndrome: An inherited familial disorder involving an inability to sense pain and auditory imperception where hearing is normal but the ability to make meaning of speech is lacking. Sensations such as temperature, pressure and touch are still able to be felt.
• Paresthesia: Pins-and-needles or burning-like sensations.
• Personalities to Color Synesthesia: Personalities to color synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where personalities are perceived as a particular color. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Personality to Smell Synesthesia: Personality to smell synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where personality is perceived as a particular taste smell. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Phantosmia: Phenomenon of smelling odors that aren't really present.
• Polyneuropathy: Dysfunction and/or damage to neurons, causing a loss of sensory or motor function.
• Polyneuropathy -- hand defect: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by flexion deformity of the thumb and some fingers as well as sensory disturbance in the arms.
• Polyneuropathy -- mental retardation -- acromicria -- premature menopause: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by premature menopause, sensory impairment, mental retardation and small, delicate facial bones.
• Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome: A condition characterized by pain and reduced range of motion in the shoulder and hand of the affected arm.
• Right hemisphere syndrome: A range of possible conditions that can result from damage to the right cerebral hemisphere.
• Riley Shwachman syndrome: A rare condition involving bone changes and exaggerated reflexes.
• Robinson syndrome: A very rare condition observed in a West Coast Indian family. The condition is characterized by scoliosis, hearing impairment, ataxia and sensory loss. The severity, rate of progression and age of onset of the neuropathic symptoms was highly variable. Sensory symptoms tend to be most prominent in the hands and feet.
• Rot-Bernhardt syndrome: Abnormal sensations in the outer thigh due to compression of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. The symptoms are often associated with pregnancy, diabetes, obesity and tight clothing. Symptoms appear to be exacerbated by walking or standing for long periods.
• Sensory ataxia: This term is employed to indicate ataxia due to loss of proprioception, which generally depends on dysfunction of the dorsal columns of the spinal cord
• Sensory ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria, and ophthalmoparesis: A very rare syndrome characterized by progressive ataxia, eye muscle problems and a speech disorder (dysarthria).
• Sensory nerve trauma: Injury or damage to a sensory nerve. Sensory nerves are nerves associated with delivering information from the body to the brain and spinal cord relating to the five senses - vision, hearing, touch, taste and smell. Damage to these nerves can result in heightened, reduced or abnormal sensations. Severity of symptoms vary depending on the location and extent of damage to the affected nerves.
• Sensory neuropathy type 1: Type I sensory neuropathy is an inherited condition characterized by progressive degeneration of the nervous system which manifests primarily as loss of sensation in the hands and feet. The sensory loss is worse in the feet and legs than the hands and arms. Muscle wasting and weakness of variable severity tends to occur after sensory loss.
• Sensory seizure: A sensory seizure is an electrical disturbance that originates in a part of the brain involved with the senses. The resulting symptoms involve unusual sensations that affect any of the senses - touch, taste, hearing, vision and smell.
• Sensory symptoms: Symptoms affecting the sensory systems.
• Shaped-Numbers: Shaped-number synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where numbers are perceived as having particular shape e.g. the number 8 may be perceived as a square. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Smell to Sound Synesthesia: Smell to sound synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where smell is perceived as a particular sound. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Smell to Taste Synesthesia: Smell to taste synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where smell is perceived as a particular taste e.g. a ringing bell may be perceived as a fruity taste. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Smell to Temperature Synesthesia: Smell to temperature synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where smell is perceived as a particular Temperature. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Smell to Touch Synesthesia: Smell to touch synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where smell is perceived as a particular touch sensation. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Somatosensory seizure: A somatosensory seizure is an electrical disturbance that originates in a part of the brain involved with the senses. The resulting symptoms involve unusual sensations that affects sensations such as pain, temperature and pressure.
• Sound to Kinetics Synesthesia: Sound to kinetics synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where sound is perceived as a kinetic experience. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Spinal Cord Damage-Induced Synesthesia: Spinal cord-induced synesthesia is a form of synesthesia resulting from damage to the spinal cord - usually involves the touch sensation and tends to result in phantom sensations. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Spinal shock: A rare condition that can occur after spinal cord injury and involves a period of absent reflexes which may be permanent or last for hours to weeks. This period may be followed by a period of excessive reflexes.
• Tactile hallucinations: often associated with substance abuse, subject feels bugs crawling upon them
• Tactile-Gustation: Colored olfaction is a form of synesthesia where tasting a particular taste results in a perception of a particular shape e.g. taste an orange may be perceived as a triangular shape. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Taste abnormalities: Any abnormalities of one's taste
• Taste symptoms: Changes to the sense of taste.
• Taste to Temperature Synesthesia: Taste to temperature synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where certain tastes are perceived as a particular temperature. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Taste to Touch Synesthesia: Taste to touch synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where certain tastes are perceived as a particular touch sensations. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Temperature to Color Synesthesia: Temperature to color aste synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where temperature is perceived as a particular color e.g. heat may be perceived as a a bright yellow color. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Temporary burning:
• Time Units to Color Synesthesia: Time units to color synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where time units such as days, weeks or months is perceived as a particular color e.g. January may be perceived as the color orange. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Time to Space Synesthesia: Time to space synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where time such as days or weeks are perceived as occupying a particular shape e.g. a red space to the left of the person about a metre away. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Tingling: Tingling, prickling, or pins-and-needles sensations
• Tingling sensation down the neck: Burning or pricking sensation progressing along the neck.
• Touch to Color Synesthesia: Touch to color synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where touch is perceived as a particular color. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Touch to Smell Synesthesia: Touch to smell synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where touch is perceived as a particular smell. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Touch to Taste Synesthesia: Touch to taste synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where touch is perceived as a particular taste. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Touch to Temperature Synesthesia: Touch to taste synesthesia is a form of synesthesia where touch is perceived as a particular temperature. Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality.
• Transient burning:
• Trigeminal anesthesia, familial: A familial eye condition characterized by reduced eye sensation which can result in increased risk of eye damage.
• Two-Sensory Synesthesia: Synesthesia is a relatively common perceptual anomaly where a stimulus of one of the senses (e.g. hearing) results in an experience or sensation in another sensory modality or an unusual perception in the same sensory modality. Two-ensory synesthesia is when sensations are experienced in a modality when a stimulus is received in a different modality e.g. a bright light may trigger experiences of pain.
• Variable sensory loss: Disorders of sensation.
• Vascular neuropathy: Neuropathy affecting the nerves controlling blood vessels
• Wallerian degeneration: A syndrome that is characterised by the degeneration of the peripheral nerve axon distal to its site of transection in the central nervous system
• Wright Dyck syndrome: A condition characterised by a sensory neuropathy associated with deafness and dementia
• Wright dick syndrome: A rare, dominantly inherited syndrome characterized mainly by sensory nerve impairment and dementia.

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