Glossary for Polyuria

Medical terms related to Polyuria or mentioned in this section include:

• Abdominal symptoms: Symptoms affecting the abdomen or digestive tract
• Aceruloplasminemia: A rare genetic disorder characterized by a lack of the protein ceruloplasmin in the blood resulting in a buildup of iron in the liver, brain and pancreas. This in turn causes diabetes and degeneration of the neural system causing tremors and walking abnormalities.
• Acid-Base Imbalance: A disruption to the normal acid-base equilibrium in the body. There are four main groups of disorder involving an acid-base imbalance: respiratory acidosis or alkalosis and metabolic acidosis or alkalosis. Obviously the severity of symptoms is determined by the degree of imbalance.
• Adrenal Cancer: A malignant cancer that develops in the adrenal gland. The tumor may be nonfunctioning (does not produce hormones) or functioning in which case excessive levels of hormones can cause a variety of symptoms depending on which hormone is involved. Adrenal hormones made in the cortex (outer part of the gland) are aldosterone, corticosteroids and androgenic steroids. Adrenalin and noradrenalin are the hormones made in the medulla (central part of the adrenal gland).
• Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms: A tumor that develops in the adrenal gland. The tumor may be nonfunctioning (does not produce hormones) or functioning in which case excessive levels of hormones can cause a variety of symptoms depending on which hormone is involved. Adrenal hormones made in the cortex (outer part of the gland) are aldosterone, corticosteroids and androgenic steroids.
• Adrenal adenoma, familial: A benign tumor that develops in the adrenal gland and tends to run in families. The tumor may be nonfunctioning (does not produce hormones) or functioning in which case excessive levels of hormones can cause a variety of symptoms depending on which hormone is involved. Adrenal hormones made in the cortex (outer part of the gland) are aldosterone, corticosteroids and androgenic steroids . Adrenalin and noradrenalin are the hormones made in the medulla (central part of the adrenal gland).
• Adrenal gland hyperfunction: Excessive activity of the adrenal gland which causes excessive production of one or more adrenal hormones (aldosterone, corticosteroids, androgenic steroids, epinephrine and norepinephrine). The increased adrenal gland activity may be caused by an adrenal gland tumor or by excessive stimulation of the gland. Pituitary hormones stimulate adrenal gland activity.
• Adrenal incidentaloma: A tumor of the adrenal gland that is discovered incidentally while performing an imaging examination for reasons other than an adrenal tumor. The tumor may be asymptomatic or can causes excessive secretion of adrenal hormones and resulting symptoms. The tumor may also be malignant or benign.
• Adrenocortical carcinoma: A condition which is characterized by malignancy which affects the adrenocortex.
• Alsing syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by kidney problems, skeletal abnormalities and a hole in the coloboma of the eye.
• Amelogenesis Imperfeca, Hypoplastic, and Nephrocalcinosis: A rare disorder involving abnormal tooth development and kidney problems.
• Anorexia Nervosa: A disorder where a distorted sense of body image leads to self-starvation to the point of death in some cases.
• Anxiety disorder: A mental condition that is characterized by anxiety and avoidance behaviours
• Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess, type 2: A form of inherited high blood pressure that starts during early childhood. The condition is caused by a genetic defect which results in an inborn error of metabolism of peripheral cortisol. Type 2 causes similar symptoms to type 1 but the urinary steroid levels are different.
• Apparent mineralocorticoid excess: A form of inherited high blood pressure that starts during early childhood. The condition results from a genetic defect which causes impaired metabolism of cortisol.
• Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease: Severe form of PKD, a genetic kidney disease.
• Back tumour: The presence of tumour growth in the vertebra, whether due to primary malignancies e.g. leukaemic or myeloma infiltration of the bone marrow, or due to secondary metastases from another site e.g. lung or breast.
• Bartter Syndrome: A rare genetic disorder of kidney metabolism characterized by reduced blood acidity and low potassium levels.
• Bartter Syndrome type 4: Bartter syndrome is a rare disorder where abnormal kidney metabolism results in low blood acidity an potassium levels. Type 4 also involves sensorineural deafness.
• Bartter Syndrome type 4A: Bartter syndrome is a rare disorder where abnormal kidney metabolism results in low blood acidity an potassium levels. Type 4A also involves sensorineural deafness.
• Bartter Syndrome type 4B: Bartter syndrome is a rare disorder where abnormal kidney metabolism results in low blood acidity an potassium levels. Type 4B also involves sensorineural deafness.
• Bartter's syndrome, antenatal type 1: A rare genetic kidney disorder that causes hypokalemia. A defect in the NKCC2 gene impairs the functioning of the Na-Cl cotransporter and leads to electrolyte imbalance. The rate of death is high prior to diagnosis.
• Bartter's syndrome, type 3: A rare condition characterized by an electrolyte imbalance caused by mutations of the chloride channel gene (ClCNKb). It differs from Bartter's syndrome type I and type II in the absence of nephrocalcinosis. The severity of the condition is greatly variable.
• Bartters syndrome, antenatal , type 2: A rare genetic kidney disorder that causes hypokalemia. A defect in the ROMK gene impairs the ATP-regulated potassium channel functioning and leads to electrolyte imbalance.
• Benign Prostate Hyperplasia: Non-cancerous prostrate enlargement common with aging
• Benign prostate hypertrophy: Non-cancerous prostrate enlargement common with aging
• Bladder cancer: Bladder cancer refers to any of several types of malignant growths of the urinary bladder. It is a disease in which abnormal cells multiply without control in the bladder.
• Bladder conditions: Any condition affecting the bladder
• Bladder diverticulum: A defect where a part of the bladder lining forms a pouch in the muscle wall of the bladder. The defect may be congenital or acquired through conditions such as infection and urinary tract obstruction. The size of the diverticulum will determine the severity of the disorder with mild cases being asymptomatic.
• Bladder symptoms: Symptoms related to the bladder and urination.
• Body symptoms: Symptoms affecting the entire body features.
• Boichis syndrome: A rare syndrome involving nephronophthisis (progressive destruction of kidney tissue) from birth which leads to kidney failure and liver fibrosis.
• Bumetanide -- Teratogenic Agent: There is strong evidence to indicate that exposure to Bumetanide during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Caffeine poisoning: Excessive ingestion of caffeine.
• Chemical poisoning -- 3,3-Dichlorobenzidine: 3,3-Dichlorobenzidine is a chemical used mainly in the production of pigments for various items such as paint, ink, textiles and plastics. The chemical may be absorbed through the skin. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning -- Amitraz: Amitraz is a chemical used mainly as a topical parasitic preventative in livestock and fruit trees. It is also used as an insect repellant and a prevention of mite infestation. The chemical is readily absorbed through the skin. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chronic Kidney Disease: Long-term and generally irreversible disease of the kidneys due to infection, obstruction, congenital diseases or generalised diseases causing failure of the kidneys' normal functions.
• Chronic renal failure: Long-term and generally irreversible disease of the kidneys due to infection, obstruction, congenital diseases or generalised diseases causing failure of the kidneys' normal functions.
• Chronic wasting disease (CWD) of mule deer and elk: A neurodegenerative disease which is caused by infectious agents called prions. and occurs in deer, elk and moose. The condition is progressive and leads to inevitable death. It is unknown as to whether the disease is transmissible to humans. Symptoms begin a long time after initial infection.
• Combat stress reaction: A term used in the military which refers to behaviors that result from the stress of fighting in a war.
• Common migraine: Migraine headaches are recurrent headaches that may be unilateral or bilateral. Migraine headaches may occur with or without a prodrome. The aura of a migraine may consist of neurologic symptoms, such as dizziness, tinnitus, scotomas, photophobia, or visual scintillations (eg, bright zigzag lines).
• Congestive Heart Failure: A condition which is characterized by breathlessness due to oedema and congestion of the lungs
• Congestive heart failure: A condition which is characterized by breathlessness due to oedema and congestion of the lungs
• Conn's adenoma: An uncommon (but possible highly underdiagnosed) condition characterized by the excessive production of a hormone called aldosterone by the adrenal gland. The condition may result from the presence of an adrenal adenoma. The severity of the condition is variable with some patients simply suffering high blood pressure and no other symptoms. Due to the high degree of variation in presenting symptoms, the condition may be frequently underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed.
• Conn's syndrome: An adrenal gland disorder where excess aldosterone hormone is produced resulting in symptoms such as headache, fatigue, nocturia and increased urine production. Also called primary hyperaldosteronism.
• Conn-Louis Carcinoma: An uncommon (but possible highly underdiagnosed) condition characterized by the excessive production of a hormone called aldosterone by the adrenal gland. The condition results from the presence of an adrenal carcinoma. The severity of the condition is variable with some patients simply suffering high blood pressure and no other symptoms. Due to the high degree of variation in presenting symptoms, the condition may be frequently underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed.
• Cushing-like symptoms: Symptoms similar to those of Cushing's disease
• Cystinosis: A rare biochemical disorder involving the accumulation of a chemical called cystine in various parts of the body which can cause harmful effects.
• Cystitis: Bladder infection or inflammation
• DEND syndrome: An inherited disorder characterized by developmental delay, epilepsy and diabetes.
• DKA: A metabolic acidosis that results from the accumulation of ketones when diabetes mellitus is poorly controlled
• Danubian endemic familial nephropathy: A form of slow-progressing kidney disease that occurs in a particular geographic area which includes countries such as Bulgaria, Yugoslavia and Romania. The condition can remain asymptomatic for many years until serious kidney damage has occurred.
• Dent syndrome: A rare X-linked inherited kidney disorder involving kidney tubule damage resulting in progressive kidney dysfunction.
• Dent's disease: A rare kidney disease inherited in a X-linked manner. It involves kidney tubule damage which results in progressive kidney dysfunction. There are two types of Dent's disease and they differ in the origin of the genetic defect.
• Diabetes: Symptoms similar to those of diabetes
• Diabetes Insipidus: A condition which is characterized by polyuria causing dehydration and resulting in great thirst
• Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic: A disturbed water balance due to a deficiency of vasopressin (antidiuretic) hormone which causes excessive thirst and urination. Causes include autoimmune disease, malignancy, trauma, infection and blood vessel disease.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 1: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 1 is linked to a defect on chromosome 6p21.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 10: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 10 is linked to a defect on chromosome 10p15.1.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 11: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 11 is linked to a defect on chromosome 14q24.3-q31.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 12: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 12 is linked to a defect on chromosome 2q33.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 13: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 13 is linked to a defect on chromosome 2q34.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 15: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 15 is linked to a defect on chromosome 6q21.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 17: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 17 is linked to a defect on chromosome 10q25.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 18: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 18 is linked to a defect on chromosome 5q31.1-q33.1.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 19: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 19 is linked to a defect on chromosome 2q24.3.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 2: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 2 is linked to a defect on chromosome 11p15.5.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 20: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 20 is linked to a defect on chromosome 12q24.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 21: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 21 is linked to a defect on chromosome 6q25.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 22: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 22 is linked to a defect on chromosome 3p21.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 23: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 23 is linked to a defect on chromosome 4q27.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 24: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 24 is linked to a defect on chromosome 10q23.31.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 3: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 3 is linked to a defect on chromosome 15q26.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 4: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 4 is linked to a defect on chromosome 11q13.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 5: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 5 is linked to a defect on chromosome 6q25.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 6: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 6 is linked to a defect on chromosome 18q21.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 7: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 7 is linked to a defect on chromosome 2q31.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 8: Insulin-dependent diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin in sufficient quantities to regulate blood sugar levels. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 81 is linked to a defect on chromosome 6q25-q27.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 1: Noninsulin-dependent diabetes (Type 2 diabetes) is a type of diabetes that doesn't respond to insulin but does tend to respond to dietary measures and diabetes medication. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 1 is linked to a defect on chromosome 2q37.3.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 2: Noninsulin-dependent diabetes (Type 2 diabetes) is a type of diabetes that doesn't respond to insulin but does tend to respond to dietary measures and diabetes medication. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 2 is linked to a defect on chromosome 12q24.2.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 3: Noninsulin-dependent diabetes (Type 2 diabetes) is a type of diabetes that doesn't respond to insulin but does tend to respond to dietary measures and diabetes medication. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 3 is linked to a defect on chromosome 20q12-q13.1.
• Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent, Susceptibility to, 4: Noninsulin-dependent diabetes (Type 2 diabetes) is a type of diabetes that doesn't respond to insulin but does tend to respond to dietary measures and diabetes medication. Researchers have discovered a number of genes which are linked to an increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. The genetic anomaly alone is not enough to cause the disease but simply increases the risk. Type 4 is linked to a defect on chromosome 5q34-q35.2.
• Diabetes insipidus: A condition which is characterized by polyuria causing dehydration and resulting in great thirst
• Diabetes insipidus primary central: A rare dominantly inherited form of diabetes insipidus. It is caused by the progressive degeneration of a part of the hypothalamus which reduces the production of a hormone called arginine vasopressin.
• Diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic type 2: A rare congenital condition where the kidney fails to respond to the antidiuretic hormone (arginine vasopressin), thus preventing reabsorption of water. This results in excessive urination and thirst. Type II is specifically caused by a defect in the AQP2 gene on chromosome 12q13.
• Diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic, dominant type: A rare dominantly inherited, congenital condition where the kidney fails to respond to the antidiuretic hormone (arginine vasopressin), thus preventing reabsorption of water. This results in excessive urination and thirst. The condition is specifically caused by a defect in the AQP2 gene on chromosome 12q13.
• Diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic, recessive type: A rare recessively inherited, congenital condition where the kidney fails to respond to the antidiuretic hormone (arginine vasopressin), thus preventing reabsorption of water. This results in excessive urination and thirst. The condition is specifically caused by a defect in the AQP2 gene on chromosome 12q13.
• Diabetes mellitus, transient neonatal: A form of infant diabetes that starts usually in the month of life but then usually disappears within a year. The condition predisposes the infant to diabetes later in life.
• Diabetes-like symptoms: Symptoms similar to those of diabetes
• Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A metabolic acidosis that results from the accumulation of ketones when diabetes mellitus is poorly controlled
• Diencephalic Syndrome: A condition characterized by dysfunction of the diencphalon of the brain
• Digestive symptoms: Any symptoms affecting the digestive tract.
• Diuresis: increased production of urine by the kidney
• East Syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by mental retardation, deafness, ataxia and electrolyte imbalance.
• Ectopic ACTH Syndrome: A tumour arising in the body which releases excess quantities of ACTH
• Electrolyte abnormality: An imbalance in the level of any of a number of chemicals (electrolytes) in the blood stream e.g. chloride, sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium, phosphate and bicarbonate. Symptoms can vary depending on which electrolyte is involved and the severity of the imbalance - severe cases can readily lead to death. An electrolyte abnormality can be caused by such things excessive loss of body fluid through vomiting or diarrhea, kidney conditions, malabsorption and various drugs such as diuretics and chemotherapy drugs.
• Enlarged prostate: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland that may restrict the flow of urine from the bladder.
• Erdheim-Chester Disease: A condition which is defined as a non langerhans cell histiocytosis
• Erdheim-Chester syndrome: A very rare lipid storage disorder involving lipid deposits in various organs and hardening of the ends of long bones which affects the growth of the bone. The severity of the condition is variable.
• Familial hypopituitarism: Impaired pituitary gland hormone-producing activity that tends to run in families. The failure of the pituitary gland in turn affects other hormone-producing glands which rely on the hormones from the pituitary gland for their activity. Symptoms are determined by the degree and type of hormone deficiency involved.
• Fanconi syndrome: Fanconi syndrome that occurs secondary to the accumulation of crystals of light-chain immunoglobulin molecules in the kidney tubules which affects their functioning.
• Frequent urination: Urinating more often than normal
• Froelich's syndrome: A rare condition where an endocrine abnormality (caused by such things as a pituitary tumor or damage to the hypothalamus) affects hormone levels which results in a variety of symptoms.
• Gestational diabetes: The occurrence of diabetes that's onset occurs during pregnancy
• Gitelman syndrome: A rare, relatively mild, genetic kidney disorder that causes hypokalemia. The defective gene (NCCT) impairs the function of the Na-Cl cotransporter.
• Glomerulonephritis: A condition which affects the kidneys and is characterized by inflammatory changes that occur in the glomeruli
• Glyburide -- Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Glyburide (an antidiabetic drug) during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Gonococcal urethritis: An infection of the urethra causing inflammation by a gonococcal organism
• HAIR-AN Syndrome: A very rare syndrome that affects females only and is characterized mainly by insulin resistance, dark velvety patches of skin and increased male hormone production in females.
• Heerfordt syndrome: A disorder sometimes associated with sarcoidosis and characterized by inflammation of the uvea of the eye, enlarged salivary gland, fever and facial paralysis.
• Hereditary primary Fanconi disease: A rare inherited disorder characterized by defective reabsorption of various substances such as phosphate, potassium, amino acids and glucose which manifests as a wide range of abnormalities and problems.
• Hip cancer: The presence of tumour growth in the bone of the hip, whether due to primary malignancies e.g. leukaemic or myeloma infiltration of the bone marrow, or due to secondary metastases from another site e.g. lung or breast; cancer affecting bone of hip likely to affect other bones e.g. vertebra, ribs
• Hydrochlorothiazide -- Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Hydrochlorothiazide during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Hyperadrenalism: Excessive levels of adrenal hormones in the body. Symptoms depend on which hormone is involved and the degree of involvement. Adrenal hormones are aldosterone, corticosteroids, androgenic steroids, epinephrine and norepinephrine.
• Hypercalcaemia: Increased concentration of calcium in the blood
• Hypercalcemia: Raised blood calcium levels
• Hypercalcuria: Raised calcium levels in the urine.
• Hyperglycemia: Where there is an increase above normal of the blood sugar levels
• Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome: Life-threatening complication of high blood sugars and diabetes.
• Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome: A form of diabetic coma seen in type 2 diabetes mellitus
• Hyperosmolarity: pertaining to an osmolar concentration of the body fluids that is abnormally increased
• Hyperparathyroidism: Increased secretion of parathyroid hormone from the parathyroid glands.
• Hyperparathyroidism, neonatal severe primary: A very rare disorder where high levels of parathyroid levels affects the body's use of calcium. The bones lack sufficiency calcification and become weak.
• Hyperparathyroidism, primary: A rare genetic disorder where excessive activity of the parathyroid gland causes increased blood calcium levels which can cause various problems.
• Hypervitaminoses A and D: The excessive physiological effect of vitamin A or D cause by excessive intake of the vitamins
• Hypokalemia: Abnormally low levels of potassium in the blood.
• Hypokalemic periodic paralysis: A rare inherited muscle condition characterized by periods of severe muscle weakness or paralysis which can last from hours to days. Episodes can occur as often as daily or only rarely.
• Hypothalamic dysfunction: Abnormal function of the thalamus located in the brain. The thalamus controls pituitary gland function which in turn controls other hormone producing glands such as the thyroid gland, adrenal gland, ovaries and testes. The thalamus also regulates functions such as temperature control, emotions, sleep, appetite and salt balance. Abnormal thalamus functioning may be caused by such things as surgery, infection, genetic disorders, poor nutrition and tumors.
• Increased frequency of urination in adults: Increased frequency of urination in adults is an increase in the number of times an adult urinates.
• Intercourse symptoms: Symptoms related to the act of sexual intercourse.
• Intermediate cystinosis: Cystinosis is a condition where excess amino acid cystine builds up to harmful levels in the body. The intermediate form of cystinosis starts later than the nephropathic form but the symptoms are the same.
• Interstitial cystitis: Painful urination refers to discomfort while urinating.
• Interstitial nephritis: Any primary or secondary condition which affects the renal interstitial tissue
• Juniper tar poisoning: Tar from the Juniper plant is sometimes used to treat skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis. Ingestion of the substance can cause poisoning symptoms.
• Juvenile nephronophthisis: A rare inherited kidney disorder characterized by formation of cysts inside the kidney, kidney fibrosis and tubular atrophy which leads to progressive kidney failure.
• Kidney symptoms: Symptoms affecting one or both kidneys.
• Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: A condition which is characterized by proliferation of Langerhans cells
• Leukemia, T-Cell: A form of blood cancer characterized by the proliferation of cancerous T-cells which make up part of the body's immune system. The exact symptoms and progression vary depending on the subtype involved.
• Lower abdominal symptoms: Symptoms affecting the lower abdominal region.
• Machado-Joseph Disease: Rare genetic muscle disease causing muscle weakness.
• Malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus: Diabetes mellitus that is caused by a chronic malnutrition state
• Medullary cystic kidney disease: A rare genetic kidney disease involving the development of cyst in the kidney which causes problems with kidney function.
• Medullary cystic kidney disease 1: A rare disorder characterized mainly by the development of kidney cysts and affects kidney function during adulthood. The disorder is caused by a genetic defect (chromosome 1q21).
• Medullary cystic kidney disease 2: A rare disorder characterized mainly by the development of kidney cysts and affects kidney function during adulthood. The disorder is caused by a genetic defect (chromosome 16p12.3). Type 2 tends to have an earlier onset of end stage kidney failure.
• Medullary cystic kidney disease, autosomal recessive: A genetic kidney disease which causes kidney failure in children, usually during adolescence.
• Medullary cystic kidney disease, dominant: A rare genetic kidney disease which can lead to kidney failure.
• Megalocytic interstitial nephritis: A rare form of chronic kidney disease where the kidney is inflamed. The body's own immune system may be involved in the inflammation.
• Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (type 2): A rare form of kidney disorder involving the deposit of a dense material in parts of the kidney, the splenic sinusoids and the Bruch membrane of the retina. The condition causes chronic kidney inflammation.
• Metformin -- Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Metformin during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Methacycline -- Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Methacycline during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Migraine: Severe complex headaches that occur periodically
• Multiple endocrine neoplasia: A group of conditions that is characterised by the hyperplasia and hyperfunction of two or more glands of the endocrine system
• Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Rare inherited disease causing tumors in multiple glands
• Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2: Rare inherited disease causing tumors in multiple glands
• Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 3: Rare inherited disease causing tumors in multiple glands
• Nephrocalcinosis: The presence of calcium deposits in the kidney.
• Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: A rare inherited condition where the kidneys can't concentrate the urine sufficiently which results in excessive urination and thirst. The condition occurs because the kidneys are unable to respond to the antidiuretic hormone.
• Nephrolithiasis type 1: A rare X-linked inherited kidney disorder involving kidney tubule damage resulting in progressive kidney dysfunction. The disorder is caused by a genetic mutation on chromosome Xp11.22.
• Nephrolithiasis type 2: A rare X-linked inherited kidney disorder involving kidney tubule damage resulting in progressive kidney dysfunction. The disorder is caused by a genetic mutation on chromosome Xq26.1.
• Nephronophthisis 2: A genetic kidney disorder which causes kidney failure during childhood. Other problems such as underdeveloped lungs may also be associated with the condition. Type 2 is caused by a defect in the inversin gene.
• Nephronophthisis 3: A genetic kidney disorder which causes kidney failure during adolescence. Other problems such as underdeveloped lungs may also be associated with the condition. Type 3 is caused by a defect in the NPHP3 gene.
• Nephronophthisis 4: A genetic kidney disorder which causes kidney failure during adolescence. Other problems such as underdeveloped lungs may also be associated with the condition. Type 4 is caused by a defect in the NPHP4 gene.
• Nephronophthisis 7: A genetic kidney disorder which causes kidney failure during adolescence. Other problems such as underdeveloped lungs may also be associated with the condition. Type 7 is caused by a defect in the GLIS2 gene.
• Nephronophthisis familial, adult -- spastic quadriparesis: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by progressive kidney destruction and spasticity and weakness of arms and legs.
• Nephronophthisis, autosomal dominant: A rare genetic kidney disease which can lead to kidney failure.
• Nephropathic cystinosis: Cystinosis is a condition where excess amino acid cystine builds up to harmful levels in the body. The nephropathic form of cystinosis usually starts during infancy and can result in severe complications if untreated.
• Nerve symptoms: Symptoms affecting the nerves
• Neurosarcoidosis: A rare disorder involving sarcoidosis of the nervous system. Sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder that can affect virtually any part of the body. Neurosarcoidosis involves inflammation and abnormal deposits in parts of the nervous system including the brain and spinal cord which affects their functioning. Symptoms may be sudden and severe or may be mild and progress slowly. Symptoms are determined by the degree of nerve involvement.
• Numbness of both elbows: Numbness of both elbows refers to the loss or reduction of sensation in the elbows.
• Oak poisoning: The oak is a large tree which has distinctive leaves and bears acorns. The acorns and young leaves contain chemicals (gallotannins, quercitrin and quercitin) which can cause symptoms if eaten. The plant is considered to have a low level of toxicity. The nuts are edible if the tannins have been leached out.
• Occupational Cancer -- Bladder cancer: Occupational exposure to naphthylamine can increase the risk of developing bladder cancer.
• Oligomeganephronic renal hypoplasia: A congenital renal hypoplasia associated with chronic renal failure in children. Also called oligomeganephronia.
• Olivopontocerebellar atrophy type 3: A disorder where degeneration of certain parts of the brain and spinal cord results in symptoms such as blindness, tremor, speech problems and ataxia.
• Ovarian cysts: Cysts which are located in the ovaries
• Overactive bladder/urinary incontinence:
• Painful urination: Painful urination refers to discomfort while urinating.
• Panhypopituitarism: A rare condition where all pituitary hormones are absent or reduced. The condition may be congenital or acquired through such things as pituitary tumors. The pituitary gland regulates the activity of other endocrine glands as well as controlling growth. Other endocrine glands include adrenal, parathyroid, thyroid, pancreas, ovaries and testes. Symptoms can vary greatly depending on the degree of deficiency of the various hormones.
• Parathyroid cancer, adult: A rare cancer that can occur in the parathyroid gland in adults. The parathyroid glands regulate body calcium levels so cancer of the gland upsets the body's calcium balance causing muscle, bone and other symptoms.
• Pelvic lipomatosis: A rare disorder where benign fatty growths develop in the pelvic area. Mainly occurs in obese, hypertensive, black males during old age. The main symptoms of the disorder tend to be related to compression of various genitourinary organs by the abnormal mass.
• Pituitary Cancer: Cancer of the pituitary gland.
• Polycystic kidney disease, infantile type: Severe form of polycystic kidney disease which is a genetic kidney disease. Symptoms develop very early in life and may even be present during the fetal stage.
• Polydipsia: This is where there is a chronic excessive thirst that is also accompanied by excessive fluid intake
• Polyuria: Excessive urination during pregnancy.
• Poorly controlled diabetes:
• Premenstrual syndrome: A collection of symptoms that some women suffer that occurs directly before menstruation
• Primary Hyperaldosteronism: An adrenal gland disorder where excess aldosterone hormone is produced resulting in symptoms such as headache, fatigue, nocturia and increased urine production. Also called Conn's syndrome.
• Primary tubular proximal acidosis: A rare disorder where abnormal function of the proximal kidney tubules causes a buildup of acid in the body. The kidney abnormality is not due to any other disease, condition or injury.
• Prostate Cancer: Cancer of the prostate.
• Prostate cancer, familial: An inherited form of prostate cancer where cancer cells develop in the prostate tissue in males.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, 1: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. Type 1 is linked to a defect on chromosome 1q24-q25 and is inherited in a dominant manner.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, 10: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. Type 10 is linked to a defect on chromosome 8q24.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, 11: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. Type 11 is linked to a defect on chromosome 17p12.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, 12: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. Type 12 is linked to a defect on chromosome 2p15.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, 13: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. Type 13 is linked to a defect on chromosome 10q11.2.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, 14: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. Type 14 is linked to a defect on chromosome 11q13.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, 15: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. Type 15 is linked to a defect on chromosome 19q13.4.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, 2: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. Type 2 is linked to a defect on chromosome 17p11.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, 3: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. Type 3 is linked to a defect on chromosome 20q13.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, 4: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. Type 4 is linked to a defect on chromosome 7p11-q21.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, 5: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. Type 5 is linked to a defect on chromosome 3p26.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, 6: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. Type 6 is linked to a defect on chromosome 22q12.3.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, 7: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. Type 7 is linked to a defect on chromosome 15q12.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, 8: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. Type 8 is linked to a defect on chromosome 1q42.2-q43.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, 9: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. Type 9 is linked to a defect on chromosome 17q21-q22.
• Prostate cancer, hereditary, X-linked 2: Many forms of prostate cancer are due to inherited defect on a chromosome. X-linked type 2 is linked to a defect on chromosome Xp11.22.
• Prostate conditions: Any condition affecting the prostate in men.
• Proximal Renal Tubular Acidosis: This is a condition that is characterised by a metabolic acidosis state caused by impairment of a persons renal function
• Proximal tubulopathy -- diabetes mellitus -- cerebellar ataxia: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by diabetes, movement disorder and kidney abnormality. Death often occurs during childhood.
• Pyelonephritis: Any inflammation of the kidney
• Reflux nephropathy: A condition which is characterized by reflux of urine from the bladder back up the ureters
• Reiter’s syndrome: A form of reactive arthritis characterized by arthritis, urethritis, conjunctivitis and skin lesions.
• Renal failure: A condition characterized by a failure of the kidney to excrete toxic metabolites from the body
• Renal pelvis and ureter, transitional cell cancer: Cancer that develops in certain cells that make up the ureter and renal pelvis. The ureter is a tube that connects the kidney to the bladder and the renal pelvis is a part of the kidney. Transitional cells line the inside of the renal pelvis and the ureter.
• Renal tubular transport disorders, inborn: Genetic defects in the transporters and channels along the kidney tubules that help to regulate body fluids as well as defects in the receptors and enzymes involved in the process. Examples of such disorders include nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and hereditary renal hypouricemia. Symptoms are determined by the exact nature of the disorder.
• Renal tubulopathy -- diabetes mellitus -- cerebellar ataxia: A very rare condition characterized by rapidly progressive diabetes, kidney disease and cerebellar ataxia. Symptoms develop during the first five years.
• Rib symptoms: Symptoms affecting the ribs
• SIADH: Inappropriate release of Antidiuretic hormone, resulting in fluid retention.
• Sassoon hospital syndrome: An epidemic disease caused by a type of fungus (Rhizopus nigricans) found on millet grains.
• Secondary Bone Cancer: Tumour development in bone as a result of spread from a primary malignant tumour from another body site (usually lung bronchus, breast and prostate)
• Seizures, Sensorineural Deafness, Ataxia, Mental Retardation, and Electrolyte Imbalance: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by mental retardation, deafness, ataxia and electrolyte imbalance.
• Senior-Loken Syndrome: A rare inherited disorder characterized by kidney dysfunction and progressive eye disease.
• Senior-Loken syndrome 1: A rare inherited disorder characterized by kidney dysfunction and progressive eye disease. Type 1 is caused by a chromosomal defect on chromosome 2q13. End stage kidney disease usually occurs early in the second decade.
• Senior-Loken syndrome 3: A rare inherited disorder characterized by kidney dysfunction and progressive eye disease. Type 3 is caused by a chromosomal defect on chromosome 3q22. This form generally has an early onset.
• Senior-Loken syndrome 4: A rare inherited disorder characterized by kidney dysfunction and progressive eye disease. Type 4 is caused by a chromosomal defect on chromosome 1p36.
• Senior-Loken syndrome 5: A rare inherited disorder characterized by kidney dysfunction and progressive eye disease. Type 5 is caused by a chromosomal defect on chromosome 3q21.1. This form generally has a later onset.
• Senior-Loken syndrome 6: A rare inherited disorder characterized by kidney dysfunction and progressive eye disease. Type 6 is caused by a chromosomal defect on chromosome 12q21.3. End stage kidney disease usually occurs early in the second decade and vision impairment occurs by 3 years of age.
• Serratia urinary tract infection: Urinary tract infection caused by bacteria from the Serratia genus. These bacteria are a rare cause of infection. The risk of infection is increased in patients with diabetes mellitus, kidney failure, urinary tract obstruction or a recent urinary tract surgery.
• Sexual symptoms: Symptoms affecting the sexual organs
• Sickle Cell Anemia: Sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by red blood cells which are crescent-shaped rather than the normal doughnut shape. These abnormally shaped red blood cells are unable to function normally and tend to undergo premature destruction which leads to anemia. If the genetic defect which causes the condition is inherited from both parents the condition can be quite severe whereas if it is inherited from only one parent, often there are no symptoms. The abnormally shaped red blood cells can cause problems when they clump together and block blood vessels.
• Streptococcal Group B invasive disease: Infection with bacteria called Group B Streptococcus which can cause severe symptoms or even death. The bacteria occur in the stomach and the urogenital tract of females and are normally harmless and cause no symptoms. However, it can cause a range of diseases in newborns, the elderly and people with poor immune systems.
• Sudden onset of polyuria: Sudden onset of polyuria refers to a rapid development of excessive urination.
• Thirst: Inappropriate excessive thirst.
• Toni-Fanconi syndrome type 1:
• Type 1 diabetes: Severe insulin-treated diabetes typically occurring in young people.
• Type 2 diabetes: Most common diabetes in adults, usually progressing slowly, mostly treated without insulin at diagnosis.
• Urethral cancer: A rare cancer that develops in the urethra which carries urine from the bladder to be excreted.
• Urethritis: Any infection or inflammation that occurs to the urethra
• Urinary difficulty: Various difficulties with urination
• Urinary outflow obstruction: Inability to micturate can be due to external, internal or neurogenic in nature.
• Urinary problems: Any problems which occur to the urinary tract
• Urinary stones: Stones in the urinary tract or bladder.
• Urinary symptoms: Symptoms affecting urination or related organs.
• Urinary tract infection: Infection of the urinary tract
• Urinary tract infections: Infection of the urinary tract
• Uterine fibroids: Benign nodules in the uterus wall.
• Uterine leiomyoma: A condition which is characterized by a benign tumour of the uterus derived from smooth muscle
• Vagina cancer: Cancer of the vagina.
• Vasopressin-resistant diabetes insipidus: A condition which is characterised by normal renal filtration and solute excretion however there is a persistent hypotonic urine
• Wandering spleen: A very rare birth defect where the structures (ligaments) that hold the spleen in position are absent or not developed properly which allows the spleen to move around in the abdominal cavity.
• Wolfram's disease: A condition that is inherited and consists of multiple symptoms

Conditions listing medical symptoms: Polyuria:

The following list of conditions have 'Polyuria' or similar listed as a symptom in our database. This computer-generated list may be inaccurate or incomplete. Always seek prompt professional medical advice about the cause of any symptom.

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