Glossary for Respiratory distress

Medical terms related to Respiratory distress or mentioned in this section include:

• 2-Hydroxyglutaricaciduria: A rare metabolic disorder characterized by high levels of a certain chemical (2-Hydroxyglutaric) which causes a serious progressive neurological disease and damage to the brain. The features of this disorder are variable and some cases are milder than others.
• Acid-Base Imbalance: A disruption to the normal acid-base equilibrium in the body. There are four main groups of disorder involving an acid-base imbalance: respiratory acidosis or alkalosis and metabolic acidosis or alkalosis. Obviously the severity of symptoms is determined by the degree of imbalance.
• Acidemia, methylmalonic: An inborn error of metabolism where amino acids in the body aren't metabolized properly resulting in high levels of the acid throughout the body.
• Acidosis: The accumulation of hydrogen ions or the depletion of the alkaline reserve in the body.
• Acute mountain sickness: A condition that occurs when an un-acclimatized person climbs to high altitudes.
• Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Infant: A breathing disorder that occurs in infants. The underdeveloped lungs fail to functioning adequately and the body becomes deprived of oxygen. The condition is more likely to affect premature infants and the greater the prematurity, the greater the risk.
• Agnathia-holoprosencephaly-situs inversus: A very rare disorder characterized by a small or absent jaw, developmental brain defect and internal organs situated on the wrong side of the body (situs inversus). The severity and range of symptoms is variable.
• Alveolitis, extrinsic allergic: A lung disease that tends to occur in people with jobs where they are frequently exposed to organic dust inhalation.
• Amniotic fluid syndrome: A rare disorder where large amounts of amniotic fluid suddenly enters the blood stream. The amniotic fluid contains debris which can block blood vessels and dilutes the blood which affects coagulation. This can occur when there is an opening in a blood vessel wall and can occur if the birth involves difficult labor, older women, dead fetus syndrome or large babies. The condition can result in rapid death of the mother.
• Anaphylaxis: An immediate hypersensitivity reaction due to the exposure of a specific antigen to a sensitized individual
• Anemia: Reduced red blood cells in the blood
• Angiokeratoma -- mental retardation -- coarse face: A rare inherited genetic syndrome characterized by mental retardation, coarse facial features and capillary hemangiomas.
• Anthrax: A serious infectious bacterial disease that can be fatal.
• Arima syndrome: A rare disorder characterized mainly by eye and brain abnormalities.
• Arrhinia: Absence of the nose at birth.
• Ascariasis: Large intestinal roundworm from 6 to 13 inches.
• Atypical pneumonia:
• Aural atresia -- multiple congenital anomalies -- mental retardation: A rare syndrome characterized by a number of malformations as well as mental retardation.
• Auriculo-condylar syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized by variable ear and jaw abnormalities.
• Birth Injury: An injury to the mother caused by childbirth
• Birth symptoms: Symptoms related to childbirth.
• Birth trauma: injury during labor and delivery
• Bleeding symptoms: Any type of bleeding symptoms.
• Boylan-Dew-Greco syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized primarily by insufficient myelination of peripheral nerves and contractures at birth. The myelin sheath is a protective coating around nerves.
• Brain cancer: Cancer of the brain.
• Brain tumor: A condition which is characterized by the abnormal growth of tissue within the brain
• Breath symptoms: Breath-related symptoms including breath odor
• Breathing difficulties: Various types of breathing difficulty (dyspnea).
• Breathing symptoms: Symptoms affecting the breathing systems.
• Bronchiectasis: Chronic bronchiole dilation from secretions and blockages.
• Bronchiolitis: A condition which is characterized by inflammation of the bronchioles
• Bronchiolitis obliterans: Disease of the lungs in which the bronchioles are plugged with granulation tissue.
• Bronchogenic carcinoma: When cells of the lung start growing rapidly in an uncontrolled manner, the condition is called lung cancer .
• Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A condition which is characterized by dysplasia of the brochopulmonary vessels
• COPD: Severe obstruction of bronchial air flow typically from bronchitis and/or emphysema.
• Carbamate insecticide poisoning: Excessive ingestion of carbamate insecticide drugs.
• Chemical poisoning -- 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine: 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine is a chemical used mainly in jet fuel and rocket fuel, plant growth agent, photography and various other industrial uses. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning -- 2-Aminopyridine: 2-Aminopyridine is a chemical used mainly in the production of various medicines (especially antihistamines and anti-inflammatories). Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning -- Imazapyr: Imazapyr is a chemical used mainly in herbicides. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• China Tree poisoning: The China tree is a deciduous tree which bears clusters of numerous pinkish-purple flowers. It also produces a yellow-green fruit. The fruit and leaves contain a chemical called tetranortriterpene neurotoxin which can cause poisoning symptoms if consumed in large quanitites.
• Choking: Sensation of blockage or inability to breathe.
• Chromosome 21 monosomy: A rare chromosomal disorder where there is only one copy of chromosome 21 instead of the normal two leading to various abnormalities.
• Chromosome 5, trisomy 5q: A rare chromosomal disorder involving duplication of the long arm (q) of chromosome 5 which results in various abnormalities depending on the size and location of the portion of duplicated genetic material.
• Chromosome 5q duplication syndrome: A rare chromosomal disorder involving duplication of the long arm (q) of chromosome 5 which results in various abnormalities depending on the size and location of the portion of duplicated genetic material.
• Chromosome 7 ring syndrome: A rare chromosomal disorder where the ends of chromosome 7 have been deleted and the two broken ends have rejoined to form a ring shape resulting in a range of symptoms determined by the size of the genetic deletion.
• Chromosome diploid-triploid mosaicism syndrome: A rare chromosomal disorder involving chromosomal duplication, triplication and mosaicism.
• Churg-Strauss Syndrome: A rare allergy related disease involving clumping of excess eosinophils which cause inflammation of smaller arteries and veins (granulomatosis). This has a negative effect on the circulatory system and the lungs resulting in asthma and organ damage.
• Coal worker's pneumoconiosis: An often asymptomatic chronic lung disease caused by inhaling coal tust which then deposits in the lungs. Also called black lung disease, anthracosis or miner's pneumoconiosis.
• Colchicine toxicity: The toxic reaction of the body to the substance, possibly via allergic reaction or overdose.
• Congenital bronchogenic cyst: A rare birth condition characterized by the formation of a cyst in the middle of the chest, usually near the area where the trachea branches off. The condition may be asymptomatic but if the cyst is large enough it may cause problems by compressing nearby structures such as the trachea.
• Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: A rare condition where an infant is born with an opening in the diaphragm which allows some of the abdominal organs to move into the chest cavity and cause problems.
• Congenital myopathies: Congenital myopathies refers to the dysfunction of muscle fibers and muscle weakness that is present at birth.
• Congenital myopathy: A very rare inherited disorder where muscles are overly-responsive to stimuli because of an abnormality in the muscle membranes. It causes prolonged muscle contraction which is muscle stiffness. The two main forms of myotonia congenital are Thomsen and Becker disease which are respectively inherited dominantly and recessively.
• Congenital tuberculosis: Fetal infection with tuberculosis
• Cranioacrofacial syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by heart, hand, facial and skull anomalies.
• Craniotubular syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by bone overgrowth and sclerosis or hardening which affects mainly the skull but other bones are often involved as well. Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia is a similar condition but involves less severe hyperostosis and sclerosis.
• Cystic Fibrosis: Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary disease affecting the exocrine (mucus) glands of the lungs, liver, pancreas, and intestines, causing progressive disability due to multisystem failure.
• Cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung: A rare birth condition where the lungs fail to develop normally during the fetal stage and cysts form in parts of the lung instead of normal alveolar tissue.
• Defect in synthesis of adenosylcobalamin: A rare genetic disorder characterized by the impaired ability to make a chemical called adenosylcobalamin. Adenosylcobalamin is a derivative of vitamin B12. The defect results a biochemical abnormality which affects the body's normal biochemical functioning.
• Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A metabolic acidosis that results from the accumulation of ketones when diabetes mellitus is poorly controlled
• Diabetic ketoacidosis: A metabolic acidosis that results from the accumulation of ketones when diabetes mellitus is poorly controlled
• Diaphragmatic paralysis: Diaphragmatic paralysis occurs when the muscles associated with breathing become do weak to function properly. Breathing becomes difficulty and severe cases can result in death if breathing assistance is not delivered. The condition can result from such things as motor neuron disease, trauma and myopathy.
• Diffuse panbronchiolitis: A pulmonary disease involving chronic inflammation of the airways which causes obstruction and can lead to respiratory failure and even death if untreated.
• Digitorenocerebral syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized by numerous abnormalities involving the brain, kidneys, fingers, toes, nails and face as well as mental retardation and vision impairment.
• Diphallus -- rachischisis -- imperforate anus: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by genital abnormalities, absent anal opening and malformed vertebrae.
• Dobrow syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by abnormal webbing inside the mouth, short stature, eye problems, mental retardation and small head, jaw, eyes and mouth.
• Duplication 5q: A rare chromosomal disorder involving duplication of the long arm (q) of chromosome 5 which results in various abnormalities depending on the size and location of the portion of duplicated genetic material.
• Eisenmenger Syndrome: Increased lung blood pressure that can result from conditions such as a hole in the wall between the two heart chambers.
• Emphysema, congenital lobar: A rare respiratory disorder where air can readily enter the lungs but has difficulty escaping. The severity of the condition is variable.
• Epiglotitis: Inflamation of the epiglottis in the throat
• Face symptoms: Symptoms affecting the face
• Female pseudohermaphrodism -- anorectal anomalies: A very rare disorder characterized by ambiguous external genitals and anal and rectal anomalies.
• Gaucher disease -- perinatal lethal form: A rare syndrome characterized by the association of abnormally tight skin and Gaucher disease which is a lipid storage disease. This is the most severe form of Gaucher disease.
• Glomerulonephritis, membranous congenital due to anti-maternal NEP alloimmunisation: An immune reaction involving maternal antibodies which attack the fetus and causes kidney problems. The condition occurs when a mother with a deficiency of NEP becomes exposed to NEP antigen produced by the fetus which results in the production of antibodies that attack NEP and cause kidney damage.
• Gms syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized by mental retardation, short stature and an eye abnormality.
• Goitre: A swelling in the neck due to an enlarged thyroid.
• Goodpasture's syndrome: A condition which is characterized by glomerulonephritis and pulmonary hemorrhage with circulating antibodies against basement membranes.
• Gracile bone dysplasia: An inherited disorder characterized by brittle bones and thin, slender long bones and ribs as well as other abnormalities.
• HEC syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by excess fluid inside the skull, cataracts and thickening of the heart.
• Hamman-Rich syndrome: A rare acute lung disease where the lung sufferers progressive inflammation and fibrosis which often leads to death.
• Head symptoms: Symptoms affecting the head or brain
• Heart failure: A condition which is characterized by an inability of the heart to pump blood efficiently and effectively
• Hemolytic anaemia, lethal -- genital anomalies: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by genital abnormalities and hemolytic anemia which often causes death.
• Hemolytic anemia, lethal -- genital anomalies: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by genital abnormalities and hemolytic anemia which often causes death.
• Herpes, Neonatal -- Disseminated: Disseminated neonatal herpes is a widespread infection of a newborn with the herpes virus within the first six weeks of life. The virus may be transmitted from the mother to the baby while it is still in the uterus or during delivery. The risk of transmitting the virus is highest if genital herpes is contracted during the late stages of the pregnancy. A mother with long standing or recurring herpes infection usually has sufficient antibodies to the virus to prevent the infant becoming infected. Neonatal herpes can also be contracted when an infant comes into contact with an infected person e.g. being kissed by and adult with cold sores. A cesarean birth may be advised for mothers who have active genital lesions. Brain infection will occur in over half of infants with the disseminated form.
• Homocystinuria due to defect in methylation (cbl g): An inherited organic acid disorder where an enzyme deficiency (methionine synthase) impairs the body's ability to break down certain proteins consumed in the diet. This results in a buildup of methylmalonic acid and homocystine which results in harmful affects. It is a form of vitamin B12 deficiency.
• Homocystinuria due to defect in methylation cbl e: An inherited organic acid disorder where an enzyme deficiency (methionine synthase reductase) impairs the body's ability to break down certain proteins consumed in the diet. This results in a buildup of methylmalonic acid and homocystine which results in harmful affects. It is a form of vitamin B12 deficiency.
• Hydrocephalus obesity hypogonadism: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by obesity, buildup of fluid inside the skull (hydrocephalus) and impaired sex hormone production.
• Hyperimmunoglobulinemia E: A rare inherited immunodeficiency disorder characterized by frequent pus-producing infections. The body's ability to fight infection is affected by a lack of normal functioning neutrophils.
• Hyperparathyroidism, neonatal severe primary: A very rare disorder where high levels of parathyroid levels affects the body's use of calcium. The bones lack sufficiency calcification and become weak.
• Hyperthyroidism: The excessive activity of the thyroid gland
• Hyperventilation: Abnormally fast and deep breathing.
• Hypomyelination neuropathy -- arthrogryposis: A very rare syndrome characterized primarily by insufficient myelination of peripheral nerves and contractures at birth. The myelin sheath is a protective coating around nerves.
• Hypopituitarism -- micropenis -- cleft lip palate: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by low pituitary hormone level, small penis and a cleft lip and palate.
• Idiopathic acute eosinophilic pneumonia: An acute lung disorder involving the infiltration of eosinophils into the lung tissue with no apparent cause.
• Inborn urea cycle disorder: A genetic disorder involving a deficiency of one of the enzymes needed in the urea cycle. The urea cycle is the process of removing ammonia from blood stream by converting it to urea and excreting it via urine. A build-up of ammonia in the blood is toxic to the body and can cause serious brain damage. The progressively severe symptoms usually become obvious within the first few weeks of birth. Nevertheless, mild or partial enzyme deficiencies may cause little or no symptoms or symptoms that don't start until later in life.
• Intracranial Hemorrhages: Bleeding inside the skull. The condition is a medical emergency and the greater the bleeding, the more severe the condition.
• Intracranial hemorrhage: Intracranial hemorrhage is a condition in which there is bleeding within the cranium of the skull.
• Invasive group A Streptococcal disease: Infection with Group A Streptococcal bacteria
• Isoniazid toxicity: The toxic reaction of the body to the substance, possibly via allergic reaction or overdose.
• Johnson-Hall-Krous syndrome: A rare congenital disorder characterized by cataracts, cleft palate, high nose bridge, extra finger and tongue abnormalities.
• Kniest dysplasia: A rare genetic bone growth disorder characterized by dwarfism, enlarged joints and facial deformities.
• Kosztolanyi syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by severely retarded development, long thin fingers, mental retardation and skull and facial abnormalities.
• Koussef nichols syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by muscle problems, a high body temperature and various other physical abnormalities.
• Kousseff-Nichols syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by muscle problems, a high body temperature and various other physical abnormalities.
• Lactic Acidosis: A condition which is characterized by the occurance of a metabolic acidosis due to the accumulation of lactic acid
• Lactic acidosis: A condition which is characterized by the occurance of a metabolic acidosis due to the accumulation of lactic acid
• Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: A condition which is characterized by proliferation of Langerhans cells
• Laryngeal cleft: A rare birth defect where there is an abnormal opening between the larynx and esophagus which allows food to get into the airways and even the lungs. The severity of the condition is determined by the size of the opening.
• Larynx atresia: A very rare birth disorder where a thin membrane obstructs the laryngeal opening.
• Lemierre's syndrome: A very rare condition where a throat infection leads to secondary infection and blood clot formation in the internal jugular vein. The infected blood clot can then travel to other parts of the body and cause problems. The usual bacterial culprit is Fusobacterium necrophorum.
• Leptospirosis: Bacterial infection usually caught from animal urine.
• Limb transversal defect -- cardiac anomaly: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by heart anomaly and leg and hand malformations involving missing bones.
• Lung symptoms: Symptoms affecting one or both lungs.
• Lymphangiectasis: Dilation of lymphatic vessels.
• Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: A very rare progressive disease where an unusual type of muscle cell (smooth muscle) infiltrates the lungs which eventually obstructs the flow of air through the lungs. The cause is unknown and generally occurs in women of child bearing age.
• Lymphangiomatosis, pulmonary: A rare disorder characterized by the presence of numerous small lung cysts at birth which severely affects breathing and blood pressure and generally results in infant death.
• Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis: A rare, progressive blood vessel disease where nodular lesions destroy blood vessels - lungs, skin and nervous system are mainly involved.
• Macrosomia with lethal microphthalmia: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by very small eyes and a large body size at birth.
• Manouvrier syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by the failure of the lungs to develop fully, heart defects and thumb abnormalities.
• Meconium aspiration syndrome: A condition that occurs when an infant suffers respiratory distress following birth due to the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid.
• Mental retardation -- coloboma -- slimness: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by mental retardation, retinal coloboma and a slim build.
• Mental retardation -- unusual facies -- talipes -- hand anomalies: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by mental retardation, unusual facial appearance, clubfoot and hand abnormalities.
• Mental retardation, X-linked -- seizures -- psoriasis: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by mental retardation, seizures and a skin disorder.
• Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, recessive type: A recessively inherited skeletal disorder characterized by abnormal development of the bone metaphyses which results in short stature from birth.
• Methylcobalamin deficiency, cbl E complementation type: An inherited organic acid disorder where an enzyme deficiency (cbl E) impairs the body's ability to break down cobalamin in the diet. This results in a buildup of homocystine which results in harmful affects.
• Methylmalonic acidemia:
• Methylmalonic acidemia, vitamin B12 responsive: A rare genetic disorder characterized by the impaired ability to make a chemical called adenosylcobalamin. Adenosylcobalamin is a derivative of vitamin B12. The defect results a biochemical abnormality which affects the body's normal biochemical functioning. The condition responds to the administration of vitamin B12.
• Methylmalonicaciduria, vitamin B12 unresponsive, mut 0: A metabolic disorder whose severity is somewhat variable - most patients die within months of birth with survivors having neurological problems. The condition involves abnormal metabolism of vitamin B12 which doesn't respond to treatment using vitamin B12 administration. This disorder is more severe than the mut (-) form
• Mouth symptoms: Symptoms of the mouth or oral area.
• Muscle symptoms: Symptoms affecting the muscles of the body
• Muscular dystrophy -- white matter spongiosis: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by muscle problems, seizures and mental retardation.
• Myasthenia Gravis: An autoimmune disorder which interferes with nerve impulses to muscles and hence results in weak, easily fatigued muscles.
• Myasthenia, Familial Infantile, 1: Illness, stress or fatigue may result in sudden severe episodes of apnea which can be fatal.
• Myocardial infarction: blood supply to part of the heart is interrupted
• Narrow oral fissure -- short stature -- cone-shaped epiphyses: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by narrow mouth opening, short stature and abnormal bone development.
• Neonatal bacterial meningitis: Bacterial meningitis that occurs in an infant under 3 months of age. Bacterial meningitis is a bacterial brain infection.
• Neonatal sepsis: Bacterial blood infection in an infant under 3 months of age.
• Nerve symptoms: Symptoms affecting the nerves
• Nitrofurantoin -- Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Nitrofurantoin during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Noncardiogenic pulmonary oedema: Noncardiogenic pulmonary oedema refers to fluid on the lungs causes by a change in permeability of lung tissue from a direct or indirect insult in a woman who is pregnant.
• Novak syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly underdeveloped lungs and by an abnormal opening in the area of the larynx, trachea and esophagus.
• Organophosphate insecticide poisoning: Excessive ingestion of organophosphate insecticides. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the exact poison ingested and the quantity.
• Patent ductus arteriosus: patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital heart defect wherein a child's ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth
• Perinatal-lethal Gaucher disease: A disorder caused by a deficiency of an enzyme called glucocerebrosidase. The foetal form is one of several forms of Gaucher disease and is the rarest. The fetal form causes death before birth or soon after.
• Plague: Any epidemic disease with a high death rate.
• Pleural effusion: A fluid collection between the layers that surround the lungs and chest wall.
• Pleuropulmonary blastoma: A type of tumor that originates from precursor cells or blasts (immature or embryonic tissue) in the lungs or covering of the lungs.
• Pneumonia: Lung infection or inflammation (as a symptom)
• Pneumothorax: pneumothorax is the collection of air in the space around the lungs and chest wall
• Polyarteritis nodosa: A serious blood vessel disease where small and medium-sized arteries become swollen and damaged and are unable to adequately supply oxygenated blood to various tissues in the body. The disease can occur in a mild form or a serious, rapidly fatal form.
• Pregnancy symptoms: Symptoms related to pregnancy.
• Pseudoadrenoleukodystrophy: A rare disorder where an enzyme deficiency (Acyl-CoA Oxidase) results in symptoms such as seizures, apnea, delayed psychomotor retardation and neurological deterioration.
• Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis: An abnormal condition where phospholipids and proteins are deposited in the alveoli of the lung. More prevalent in males with some patients having no symptoms and others having an unproductive cough and progressive dyspnea with exertion. The condition increases the risk of secondary infection. Also called alveolar proteinosis.
• Pulmonary artery coming from the aorta: A rare congenital heart defect which is usually fatal. The pulmonary artery is abnormally placed and comes out of the aorta.
• Pulmonary cystic lymphangiectasis: A rare congenital condition where the lungs fail to develop normally. The disorder is characterized by the presence of dilated lymph ducts throughout the lungs.
• Pulmonary embolism: The occurrence of an embolism which blocks blood vessels in the lungs
• Pulmonary fibrosis: A scarring condition that affects the lungs
• Pulmonary oedema: Caused by changes in the hydrostatic forces in capillaries or increased capillary permeability that results in diffuse oedema in pulmonary tissues and air spaces
• Pulmonary oxygen toxicity: High oxygen levels which affects the lungs. Oxygen toxicity can occur when mechanical ventilation using pure oxygen is used or during diving.
• Pulmonary sequestration: A lung malformation where a portion of tissue that is meant to develop into a part of the lung is not attached to the lung blood supply and is not associated with lung function. Severity of symptoms is variable.
• Pulmonary venous return anomaly: A rare disorder where one or more of the four veins that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs drain to the right atrium of the heart instead of the left atrium. Symptom severity is determined by the number of veins involved and the exact location of the heart that the veins drain into.
• Radio renal syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by kidney, forearm and and thumb abnormalities.
• Raine syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by increased bone density which ultimately results in death.
• Renal dysplasia -- limb defects syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by abnormal kidney development and various arm bone defects.
• Respiratory Hypersensitivity: A hypersensitivity reaction that affects the breathing airways. Conditions such as asthma and hay fever are included in this term.
• Respiratory acidosis: respiratory acidosis is acidosis (abnormally increased acidity of the blood) due to decreased ventilation of the pulmonary alveoli, leading to elevated arterial carbon dioxide concentration
• Respiratory disorder: any disease affecting the upper, lower airways and the lungs
• Respiratory distress in children: Respiratory distress in children refers to a child who has life-threatening breathing problems.
• Respiratory distress in infants: Respiratory distress in infants refers to a baby who has life-threatening breathing problems.
• Respiratory distress in pregnancy: Respiratory distress in pregnancy refers to severe difficulty in breathing in a woman who is pregnant.
• Respiratory failure: A condition which is due to marked impairment of respiratory function
• Respiratory symptoms: Symptoms affecting the breathing systems.
• Retinis pigmentosa -- deafness -- hypogenitalism: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by progressive retinal damage, deafness and genital anomalies.
• Rib fracture: A fracture of the ribs
• SARS: Serious respiratory infection
• Saal-Bulas syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by lobster-like hands, diaphragmatic hernia and a brain abnormality.
• Samson-Viljoen syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized by small ears, abnormal chest wall and facial, lip and palate clefts.
• Sarcoidosis: Rare autoimmune disease usually affecting the lungs.
• Scleroderma, systemic: A rare autoimmune connective tissue disease where the body attacks parts of the body and causes scarring and thickness of the tissue. In the systemic form, the skin and organs are involved.
• Sengers-Hamel-Otten syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by obesity, buildup of fluid inside the skull (hydrocephalus) and impaired sex hormone production.
• Serratia sepsis: Blood infection caused by bacteria from the Serratia genus. These bacteria are a rare cause of infection.
• Shortness of breath: The feeling of being short of breath
• Sickle Cell Anemia: Sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by red blood cells which are crescent-shaped rather than the normal doughnut shape. These abnormally shaped red blood cells are unable to function normally and tend to undergo premature destruction which leads to anemia. If the genetic defect which causes the condition is inherited from both parents the condition can be quite severe whereas if it is inherited from only one parent, often there are no symptoms. The abnormally shaped red blood cells can cause problems when they clump together and block blood vessels.
• Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A rare condition characterized by progressive degeneration of the spinal and brainstem motor neurons. During fetal development excess primary neurons are formed. The body automatically destroys the extra primary neurons so that only some survive and mature into neurons. In spinal muscular dystrophy, the process that destroys the excess primary neurons doesn't switch off and continues destroying the neurons resulting in progressive motor problems. Various types of the condition range from mild to severe enough to cause death within a couple of years of birth.
• Spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress 1: An inherited neuromuscular disease that causes progressive weakness in the arm and chest muscles leading to severe respiratory problems early in life. Sufferers are never able to sit independently and breathing problems progress rapidly with breathing assistance needed within the first five years.
• Spondylocostal dysostosis, autosomal recessive: A rare, recessively inherited syndrome characterized mainly by rib and spine abnormalities. The recessive form is more severe than the dominantly inherited form.
• Streptococcal Group B invasive disease: Infection with bacteria called Group B Streptococcus which can cause severe symptoms or even death. The bacteria occur in the stomach and the urogenital tract of females and are normally harmless and cause no symptoms. However, it can cause a range of diseases in newborns, the elderly and people with poor immune systems.
• Stridor: Noisy breathing such as wheezing
• Stuve-Wiedemann dysplasia: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by short stature, bowed long bones and permanent flexion of fingers.
• Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by short stature, bowed long bones and permanent flexion of fingers.
• Subaortic stenosis -- short stature syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by short stature and a narrowed portion of the aorta.
• Succinic acidemia: A rare metabolic disorder characterized by high levels of succinic acid in the blood.
• Succinic acidemia -- lactic acidosis, congenital: A very rare disorder characterized by high levels of succinic acid in the blood and high blood acidity which starts at birth or soon after.
• Surfactant Metabolism Dysfunction: Surfactant metabolism dysfunction is a group of genetic conditions characterized by servere breathing problems or breathing failure in infants who were born at full term. A genetic defect results in a disruption of the lipids and proteins which reduced the surface tension in the lung alveoli and allows transfer of oxgent between the lungs and the blood supply.
• Surfactant Metabolism Dysfunction, Pulmonary, 1: Surfactant metabolism dysfunction is a group of genetic conditions characterized by severe breathing problems or breathing failure in infants who were born at full term. A genetic defect results in a disruption of the lipids and proteins which reduced the surface tension in the lung alveoli and allows transfer of oxgen between the lungs and the blood supply. Type 1 involves a defect in the pulmonary associated surfactant protein B (SFTPB) and due to a genetic anomaly located on chromosome 2p12-11.2.
• Surfactant Metabolism Dysfunction, Pulmonary, 2: Surfactant metabolism dysfunction is a group of genetic conditions characterized by severe breathing problems or breathing failure in infants who were born at full term. A genetic defect results in a disruption of the lipids and proteins which reduced the surface tension in the lung alveoli and allows transfer of oxygen between the lungs and the blood supply. Type 2 involves a defect in the pulmonary associated surfactant protein C (SFTPC) and due to a genetic anomaly located on chromosome 8p21.
• Surfactant Metabolism Dysfunction, Pulmonary, 3: Surfactant metabolism dysfunction is a group of genetic conditions characterized by severe breathing problems or breathing failure in infants who were born at full term. A genetic defect results in a disruption of the lipids and proteins which reduced the surface tension in the lung alveoli and allows transfer of oxgen between the lungs and the blood supply. Type 3 involves a defect on chromosome 16p13.3 which is believed to affect the secretion of surfactant.
• Systemic candidiasis: A candida infection that spreads throughout the body. If it invades major organs such as the brain and heart, death may result. It is rare in healthy individuals and tends to occur in immunocompromised individuals. The disorder is difficult to diagnose as it can invade almost any organ of the body and hence the symptoms are hugely variable.
• Thalamic degeneration symmetrical infantile: A very rare brain disorder characterized by abnormal brain development, seizures, respiratory distress and movement disorders.
• Thalamic degenerescence infantile: A rare genetic brain disorder.
• Thoracic dysplasia -- hydrocephalus syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized by abnormal chest development and excess fluid inside the skull.
• Thoraco abdominal enteric duplication: A very rare syndrome characterized by chest and abdominal abnormalities as well as intestinal duplication.
• Thoracopelvic dysostosis: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by abnormalities involving the chest, larynx and pelvis. The small chest cavity affects breathing and can affect survival, especially during infancy.
• Throat symptoms: Symptoms affecting the throat
• Thrombocytopenia -- Robin sequence: A very rare syndrome characterized by a variety of abnormalities such as short stature, unusual hair, reduced blood platelets, heart defects and tooth enamel anomaly.
• Toxic epidermal necrolysis: A skin condition causing widespread blisters to erupt over greater than 30% of the body.
• Toxocariasis: A parasitic roundworm (Toxocara canis or Toxocara cati) infection that normally occurs in cats and dogs but can be transmitted to humans by ingesting the larvae or eggs. The infection may be asymptomatic or severe and symptoms depend on where the larvae travel to when they migrate through the body.
• Tracheobronchomalacia: A rare condition where delayed development of the cartilage that makes up the trachea results in excessive collapsibility of the trachea resulting in breathing difficulty.
• Tranebjaerg-Svejgaard syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by mental retardation, seizures and a skin disorder.
• Tuberculosis: Bacterial infection causing nodules forming, most commonly in the lung.
• Underdeveloped lungs:
• Urea Cycle Disorders: Any disorder that affects the urea cycle.
• Vein of Galen aneurysm: A rare condition which is characterised by an aneurysm resulting from a intracranial vascular malformation
• Ventricular septal defect: An abnormal connection between the 2 lower chambers (ventricles) of the heart.
• Vitamin K antagonists embryofoetopathy: Abnormalities and deformities that occur in infants due to exposure to oral anticoagulants during the fetal stage.
• Weals: Drug reaction, allergy, infection, lupus, overactive thyroid, polycythemia, rheumatic fever, blisters, amyloidosis, progesterone increase, Still's Disease, pregnancy, vasculitis
• Wegener's granulomatosis: A rare disease involving blood vessel inflammation which can affect the blood flow to various tissues and organs and hence cause damage. The respiratory system and the kidneys are the main systems affected.
• Weil's syndrome: Severe form of Leptospirosis

Conditions listing medical symptoms: Respiratory distress:

The following list of conditions have 'Respiratory distress' or similar listed as a symptom in our database. This computer-generated list may be inaccurate or incomplete. Always seek prompt professional medical advice about the cause of any symptom.

Select from the following alphabetical view of conditions which include a symptom of Respiratory distress or choose View All.

Conditions listing medical complications: Respiratory distress:

The following list of medical conditions have 'Respiratory distress' or similar listed as a medical complication in our database.

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