Glossary for Respiratory symptoms

Medical terms related to Respiratory symptoms or mentioned in this section include:

11q Partial Trisomy: A very rare genetic disorder caused by a duplication of part of chromosome 11q. The characteristic symptoms of the disorder are delayed growth before and after birth, mental retardation (varying severity) and skull and facial defects. The type and severity of symptoms that can occur are variable.
14q+ syndrome: A rare chromosomal disorder involving duplication of genetic material from the long arm (q) of chromosome 14 resulting in various abnormalities.
14qter deletion Syndrome: A very rare genetic condition where a portion at the end of the long arm (q) of chromosome 14 is missing.
18p minus syndrome: A rare chromosomal disorder where a portion of chromosome 18 is missing which is characterized by mental and growth deficiencies, drooping upper eyelid and prominent ears. The type and severity of symptoms is determined by the amount of genetic material that is missing.
1q deletion: A rare chromosomal disorder where part of the long arm (q) of chromosome 1 is deleted resulting in various abnormalities which are determined by the size of the deleted portion.
1q terminal deletion: A rare chromosomal disorder where the terminal part of the long arm (q) of chromosome 1 is deleted resulting in various abnormalities.
2-Hydroxyglutaricaciduria: A rare metabolic disorder characterized by high levels of a certain chemical (2-Hydroxyglutaric) which causes a serious progressive neurological disease and damage to the brain. The features of this disorder are variable and some cases are milder than others.
2-Methylbutyric Aciduria: A very rare genetic disorder where an enzyme deficiency prevents the break down of certain proteins into energy and results in a harmful accumulation of acids in the blood and body tissues. More specifically, there is a deficiency of an enzyme (2-methylbutyryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase) needed to convert the amino acid isoleucine into energy. 2-methylbutyrylglycine levels build up in the body and may cause damage. Symptoms vary according to the degree of enzyme deficiency - can range from asymptomatic to life-threatening.
2-methylbutyryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency: A very rare genetic disorder where an enzyme deficiency prevents the break down of certain proteins into energy and results in a harmful accumulation of acids in the blood and body tissues. More specifically, there is a deficiency of an enzyme (2-methylbutyryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase) needed to convert the amino acid isoleucine into energy. 2-methylbutyrylglycine levels build up in the body and may cause damage. Symptoms vary according to the degree of enzyme deficiency - can range from asymptomatic to life-threatening.
2q deletion: A rare chromosomal disorder where part of the long arm (q) of chromosome 2 is deleted resulting in various abnormalities which are determined by the size of the deleted portion.
3-alpha-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency: A rare inherited form of biochemical disorder characterized by the deficiency of a particular enzyme (3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase). The enzyme deficiency only affects certain body tissues, in particular the skeletal muscles. The lack of enzyme activity prevents some fats being converted into energy. Symptoms tend to be exacerbated during fasting as during fasting, the body tries to rely more heavily on fats for energy. Fatty acids that are not completely metabolized due to the enzyme deficiency may build up in various organs and cause serious complications.
3-alpha-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency: A rare inherited form of biochemical disorder characterized by the deficiency of a particular enzyme (3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase). The enzyme deficiency only affects certain body tissues, in particular the skeletal muscles. The lack of enzyme activity prevents some fats being converted into energy. Symptoms tend to be exacerbated during fasting as during fasting, the body tries to rely more heavily on fats for energy. Fatty acids that are not completely metabolized due to the enzyme deficiency may build up in various organs and cause serious complications.
3C syndrome: A rare disorder characterized by cardiac malformations, cerebellar hypoplasia and cranial dysmorphism which gives the disease it's name.
3q deletion: A rare chromosomal disorder where part of the long arm (q) of chromosome 3 is deleted resulting in various abnormalities which are determined by the size of the deleted portion.
4-Alpha-hydroxyphenylpyruvate hydroxylase deficiency: A very rare metabolic disorder where a deficiency of a particular enzyme results in the urinary excretion of a chemical called hawkinsin. Symptoms start once the infant is weaned off breast milk.
49,XXXXX syndrome: A rare chromosomal disorder that affects only females and involves body cells having five copies of the X chromosome instead of the normal two.
49,XXXXY syndrome: A rare sex chromosome abnormality where there are three extra copies of the X chromosome.
8p-Syndrome, partial: A rare chromosomal disorder where there is one copy of part of the short arm (p) of chromosome 8 rather than the normal two. The type and severity of symptoms is determined by the location and size of the genetic material deleted.
ACPS III: A rare genetic condition characterized by head and digital anomalies as well as other abnormalities.
ADP platelet receptor P2Y12, deficiency of: Deficiency of a compound (P2Y12) involved in the blood clotting process which results in bleeding problems.
AIDS: A term given to HIV patients who have a low CD4 count (below 200) which means that they have low levels of a type of immune cell called T-cells. AIDS patients tend to develop opportunistic infections and cancers. Opportunistic infections are infections that would not normally affect a person with a healthy immune system. The HIV virus is a virus that attacks the body's immune system.
AIDS dysmorphic syndrome: A rare syndrome involving craniofacial anomalies and developmental delay that occurs in infants infected with AIDS during the fetal stage.
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections: A term given to HIV patients who have a low CD4 count (below 200) which means that they have low levels of a type of immune cell called T-cells. AIDS patients tend to develop opportunistic infections and cancers. Opportunistic infections are infections that would not normally affect a person with a healthy immune system. The HIV virus is a virus that attacks the body's immune system.
AIDS-like recurring respiratory infections: conditions which cause respiratory infections as in case of AIDS
ALL-Down syndrome: The presence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Down syndrome patients. These patients tend to have a poorer prognosis for the leukemia than patients without Down syndrome.
ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Aarskog Syndrome: A rare genetic condition characterized by facial, hand, genital and growth abnormalities.
Abdominal Cancer: Growth of abnormal cells (tumour) affecting the organs in the abdominal cavity; may be due to primary growth of a tumour or spread from another tumour (metastases, secondary tumour)
Abdominal paradox: Abdominal paradox is a condition in which the abdomen will contract inward as the chest expands during inspiration.
Aberrant subclavian artery abnormality: A rare defect where one the subclavian artery arises from an abnormal location on the aortic arch. The defect may cause compression of organs such as the airway and the voice box.
Ablepharon macrostomia syndrome: A rare disorder involving a number of mainly physical abnormalities.
Abnormal involuntary movements of the mouth: repetitive spasmodic movements of the oral muscles
Abnormal involuntary movements of the tongue: repetitive spasmodic movements of the tongue.
Abnormal movement during inspiration: decreased or increased movement of the chest wall during inspiration
Abnormal taste sensation: Abnormal taste sensation refers to an unusual or unexpected taste in the mouth.
Abnormal teeth shape in children: Abnormal teeth shape in children includes any type of deformity or irregularity in the dentition or teeth.
Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced: Conditions arising from the use of radiation therapy to treat various cancers. Radiation therapy can result in minor abnormalities such as dry, flaky skin or serious abnormalities such as cancer.
Abscessed teeth: an abscessed tooth is a painful infection at the root of a tooth or between the gum and a tooth
Absence of pulmonary artery: The absence of a pulmonary artery at birth.
Absent alpha 1 band: An absence of alpha-1-antitrypsin the the body
Absent corpus callosum -- cataract -- immunodeficiency: A rare syndrome characterized by immunodeficiency, cleft lip or palate, cataract, reduced pigmentation and brain abnormalities.
Absent patellae -- scrotal hypoplasia -- renal anomalies -- facial dysmorphism -- mental retardation: A rare syndrome characterized by absent kneecaps, underdeveloped scrotum, kidney anomalies, unusual facial appearance and mental retardation.
Acarophobia: Unfounded fear of tiny parasites or the false belief that they have infested the skin.
Accelerated hypertension: Accelerated hypertension is a condition characterized by a rapid increase in blood pressure. The condition is a medical emergency which can cause organ damage if not treated promptly.
Accelerated silicosis: An occupation lung disease caused by breathing in silica dust over a long period of time. The lung damage becomes symptomatic and affects breathing and often causes weight loss as well.
Accessory muscle use: The use of accessory muscles
Accidental Eye Injury: The accidental injury to an eye
Achalasia: A rare condition where the patients muscles, such as the cardiac sphincter of the stomach, are unable to relax.
Achalasia microcephaly: A very rare syndrome characterized primarily by a small head and achalasia which involves esophageal problems such as enlargement.
Achalasia, familial esophageal: A rare familial disorder where the esophagus lacks the normal peristaltic motions that help food move through the digestive system.
Achalasia, primary: A rare motor disorder of the esophagus characterized by inability of the lower esophageal sphincter and esophageal muscle to relax as well as dilation of the esophagus. The disorder is not associated with any other disease or disorder.
Achluophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the night or darkness.
Achondrogenesis: A type of dwarfism where the main limbs are short and the head and trunk are hydropic (contain an accumulation of clear fluid).
Achondrogenesis type 1A: A rare genetic disorder characterized by abnormal cartilage formation and growth of bones. Type 1A differs from other types by the origin of the genetic defect. Type 1A involves abnormal cartilage-forming cells (chondrocytes) whereas type 1B involves an abnormal cartilage matrix. Type 1B is the most severe disorder.
Achondrogenesis type 1A and 1B: A rare lethal genetic disorder characterized by a low nasal bridge, very short limbs and incomplete bone formation of lower spine.
Achondrogenesis type 1B: A rare lethal genetic disorder characterized by a low nasal bridge, very short limbs and incomplete bone formation of lower spine.
Achondrogenesis type 2: A rare genetic disorder characterized by very small stature, abnormal bone formation and early death.
Achondrogenesis, Langer-Saldino Type: A rare genetic disorder characterized by very small stature, abnormal bone formation and early death.
Achondrogenesis, type 4: A rare genetic disorder characterized by very small stature, abnormal bone formation and early death. It has been designated as a mild form of Langer-Saldino achondrogenesis.
Achondroplasia: A rare disease characterized by abnormal bone growth which results in short stature with short arms and legs, large head and characteristic facial features.
Achrestic anemia: Achrestic anemia is a form of anemia similar to that caused by Vitamin B12 deficiency but it doesn't respond to treatment with Vitamin B12. The condition tends to progress slowly and can result in death if not treated. There are a variety of possible causes.
Acid Reflux in pregnancy: Acid Reflux in pregnancy is the movement of the acid contents of the stomach through the gastro-oesophageal sphincter up into the oesophagus, causing a burning, pain or discomfort in the chest, commonly known as heartburn.
Acid reflux: Condition which occurs when the acid reflux into the oesophagus exceeds the normal limit
Acid reflux into mouth: acid reflux related disorders
Acid regurgitation: The regurgitation of stomach contents
Acid-Base Imbalance: A disruption to the normal acid-base equilibrium in the body. There are four main groups of disorder involving an acid-base imbalance: respiratory acidosis or alkalosis and metabolic acidosis or alkalosis. Obviously the severity of symptoms is determined by the degree of imbalance.
Acidemia, methylmalonic: An inborn error of metabolism where amino acids in the body aren't metabolized properly resulting in high levels of the acid throughout the body.
Acidic dry cell batteries inhalation poisoning: Acidic dry cell batteries contain toxic chemicals which can cause symptoms if inhaled. The smoke emitted from burning batteries can also cause poisoning symptoms if sufficient quantities are inhaled. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved.
Acidic tastes: Acidic or metallic taste in mouth
Acidosis: The accumulation of hydrogen ions or the depletion of the alkaline reserve in the body.
Acne-like nose symptoms: reddish raised elevated lesions on the nose
Acousticophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of noise.
Acquired Aplastic Anemia: A rare disorder involving severe failure of the bone marrow to produce new blood cells. Acquired aplastic anemia means that the condition was not present at birth but developed during the persons lifetime. The condition may be caused by such things as autoimmune reactions, radiation and certain drugs, chemicals or viral infections.
Acquired agranulocytosis: A blood disorder characterized by low levels of white blood cells (granular leukocytes) in the circulating blood. The condition is usually caused by certain drugs especially chemotherapy drugs.
Acquired angioedema: A rare disorder characterized by recurring episodes of swelling of parts of the skin or mucous membranes. Sometimes internal organs may be involved. The disorder occurs in patients with lymphoproliferative or autoimmune disorders which result in the dysfunction of a complex blood protein called C1 inhibitor.
Acquired prothrombin deficiency: A deficiency of prothrombin (vital for blood clotting) which is acquired through other conditions such as liver disease, anticoagulant drugs or vitamin K deficiency. The severity of symptoms is determined by the degree of deficiency.
Acquired stridor in children: Acquired stridor in children is an abnormal sound made during breathing that is not present at birth and is acquired later in life.
Acrocallosal syndrome: A rare genetic disorder characterized by underdeveloped or absent corpus callosum of brain, duplication of thumb or big toe and extra fingers or toes.
Acrocephalopolydactyly -- Cardiac Disease -- Ear, Skin and Lower Limb Defects: A rare genetic condition characterized by head and digital anomalies as well as other abnormalities.
Acrocephalopolydactyly II: A rare genetic disorder characterized by head, hand and genital anomalies as well as mental retardation.
Acrocephalopolysyndactyly type III: A rare genetic condition characterized by head and digital anomalies as well as other abnormalities.
Acrocephalopolysyndactyly, type 2 (ACPS 2): A rare genetic disorder characterized by premature closing of skull bones, craniofacial abnormalities, heart defects, growth retardation and other disorders.
Acrocephalosyndactyly Syndrome type 5: A rare genetic disorder where some of the skull bones fuse too early which affects the size and shape of the skull and face. Thumb and toe abnormalities are also present. There are three types of Pfeiffer syndrome with varying degrees of severity.
Acrocephalosyndactyly type 3 (ACPS 3): A rare genetic disorder characterized by premature joining of certain skull bones during development which has an impact on the shape of the head and face. Features include brachycephaly, ear deformities as well as craniofacial, finger and bone abnormalities.
Acrocephalosyndactyly type 5 (ACPS 5): A rare genetic disorder where some of the skull bones fuse too early which affects the size and shape of the skull and face. Thumb and toe abnormalities are also present. There are three types of Pfeiffer syndrome with varying degrees of severity.
Acrocephaly -- pulmonary stenosis -- mental retardation: A rare syndrome characterized by a pointy skull, narrowed pulmonary valve and mental retardation.
Acrodysostosis: A rare genetic disorder characterized by short hands, small nose, mental deficiency and hand and foot deformities.
Acrofacial dysostosis Catania form: One of a group of disorders characterized by defective limb and facial development. The Catania form is very rare.
Acrofacial dysostosis Rodriguez type: One of a group of disorders characterized by defective limb and facial development. The Rodriguez type is very rare and primarily involves severe limb and organ malformations.
Acrofacial dysostosis autosomal recessive: A rare inherited disorder characterized mainly by facial, hand and foot anomalies. The disorder resembles Nager syndrome.
Acrofacial dysostosis postaxial, atypical: A rare disorder characterized by an unusual facial appearance, short stature and hand and foot bone anomalies. The disorder may be related to the fact that the infants were born to mothers with diabetes.
Acrofacial dysostosis, Nager type: A rare genetic disorder characterized by underdeveloped thumbs, forearm and cheekbones as well as ear defects.
Acrofacial dysostosis, Palagonia type: One of a group of disorders characterized by defective limb and facial development. The Palagonia type is very rare and the symptoms are relatively mild.
Acrofrontofacionasal dysostosis syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized by abnormalities of the bones of the skeleton as well as mental retardation. Various facial, eye and urogenital anomalies are also present.
Acromegaloid facial appearance syndrome: A very rare genetic disorder characterized by thick lips and gums, thick upper eyelids, large hands and occasionally mental deficiency.
Acromegaloid facies -- hypertrichosis: A very rare genetic disorder characterized by thick lips and gums, thick upper eyelids, large hands and occasionally mental deficiency.
Acromegaloid hypertrichosis syndrome: A rare genetic condition characterized by excess body hair and a coarse face. The severity of the condition is variable.
Acromegaly: An abnormal enlargement of the limbs due to increased secretion of growth hormone after the cessation of puberty
Acromelic frontonasal dysplasia: A very rare genetic malformation syndrome characterized by developmental abnormalities of the face and brain.
Acromesomelic dysplasia: A rare genetic progressive skeletal disorder characterized by short limbs, a large head and lower thoracic kyphosis.
Acromesomelic dysplasia, Maroteaux type: A rare genetic syndrome characterized by various developmental abnormalities of the skeletal bones and facial anomalies.
Acromicric dysplasia: A rare genetic syndrome characterized by various severe developmental abnormalities of the skeletal bones and facial anomalies.
Acroosteolysis dominant type: A rare inherited connective tissue disorder characterized by breakdown of bone especially in the ends of the fingers and toes.
Acrosphenosyndactylia: A rare condition characterized by abnormalities in the appearance of the face and head as well as finger and toe abnormalities. The bones of the skull fuse together too early which prevents it from growing normally. Various toes and fingers may be fused together.
Actinomycetales infection: A bacterial infection from the order of Actinobacteria. The range of symptoms is variable depending on which bacteria from the order is involved.
Actinomycosis: A chronic infection usually caused by an organism normally found in human bowels and mouths. The disease usually affects the face and neck and results in deep, lumpy abscesses that emit a grainy pus through multiple sinuses.
Acutane embryopathy: A rare disorder caused by fetal exposure to retinoids and resulting in mental and physical birth defects.
Acute (or transient) urinary incontinence: Acute (or Transient) Incontinence is caused by a new or recent medical problem that can be treated.
Acute AIDS-like recurring respiratory infections: conditions which causes respiratory infections as in case of AIDS
Acute COPD-like cough symptoms: usually comprises of cough with sputum
Acute COPD-like symptoms: symptoms such as dyspnea, cough with sputum , wheeze etc
Acute Chemical poisoning -- Varnish makers' and painters' Naptha: Varnish makers' and painters' Naptha is an ingredient used in certain pesticides. Exposure to the chemical can cause a range of symptoms depending on the level and route of exposure. Exposure can occur through inhalation, ingestion, the skin or eyes. Acute exposure involves a exposure over a short period of time whereas chronic exposure occurs over a longer period of time.
Acute Dyspnoea: The acute sensation of shortness of breath
Acute Dyspnoea in pregnancy: acute dyspnoea in pregnancy is the sudden onset of a feeling of difficulty breathing occurring in a pregnant woman.
Acute Interstitial Pneumonia: A relatively uncommon form of pneumonia that has no apparent cause. Symptoms tend to develop over a period of six months to one and a half years.
Acute Pesticide poisoning -- xylene: Xylene is an ingredient used in certain insecticides. Exposure to the chemical can cause a range of symptoms depending on the level and route of exposure. Exposure can occur through inhalation, ingestion, the skin or eyes. Acute exposure involves a exposure over a short period of time whereas chronic exposure occurs over a longer period of time.
Acute Silicosis: An occupation lung disease caused by breathing in high levels of silica dust.
Acute Tracheitis: Tracheitis is a bacterial infection of the trachea and is capable of producing airway obstruction
Acute acid reflux into mouth: acid reflux related disorders
Acute acid reflux into mouth during pregnancy: Reflux-like vomiting in pregnancy is the movement of the acid contents of the stomach through the gastro-oesophageal sphincter up into the oesophagus, causing a burning, pain or discomfort in the chest, commonly known as heartburn and followed by an episode of vomiting.
Acute acne-like nose symptoms: reddish raised elevated lesions on the nose
Acute allergy-like breathing symptoms: difficulty in breathing due to allergy symptoms
Acute allergy-like cough: allergic cough varies with the position of the body
Acute allergy-like runny nose: allergy is one of the main factors for runny nose
Acute allergy-like sneezing symptoms: allergy causes runny nose, sneezing and headache
Acute appendicitis: Infection of the appendix
Acute asthma-like breathing attacks: asthma sometimes causes sudden, acute episodes of dyspnea
Acute asthma-like breathing difficulty: also known as dyspnea
Acute asthma-like symptoms: sudden severe asthma usually presents with difficulty in breathing, wheeze, cough and stridor
Acute asthma-like symptoms at night: also known as paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Acute asthma-like symptoms non-responsive to treatment: some of the symptoms of asthma such as dyspnoea, wheeze and cough maybe be non-responsive to treatment
Acute asthma-like wheezing symptoms: wheeze is a continuous, coarse, whistling sound produced in the respiratory airways during breathing
Acute attack of asthma:
Acute bronchitis: Respiratory inflammation of the bronchi leading to the lungs
Acute chest pain: The sudden and acute onset of pain in the chest
Acute cholecystitis: Acute inflammation of the gall bladder, usually due to obstruction by a gall stone
Acute cholinergic dysautonomia: A rare condition characterized by the presence of abnormal red blood cells in the bone marrow and blood. The condition is characterized by anemia and generally leads to the development of acute myelogenous leukemia. The acute form has more severe symptoms than the chronic form.
Acute chronic bronchitis-like cough: cough with white colored sputum
Acute chronic bronchitis-like symptoms: symptoms of cough with sputum
Acute cough: The noisy sudden expulsion of air from the respiratory tract
Acute cough in children: Acute cough in children is a sudden onset of coughing in a child.
Acute croup-like breathing difficulty: also known as laryngotracheobronchitis.Croup is characterized by a harsh "barking" cough and sneeze, inspiratory stridor (a high-pitched sound heard on inhalation), nausea/vomiting, and fever
Acute croup-like symptoms: also known as laryngotracheobronchitis. Croup is characterized by a harsh "barking" cough and sneeze, inspiratory stridor (a high-pitched sound heard on inhalation), nausea/vomiting, and fever
Acute cry: a brief, sharp, piercing vocal sound produced by a neonate or infant.
Acute dyspnea following trauma: Acute dyspnea following trauma is a condition in which a person experiences a sudden onset of difficulty breathing after an injury or accident.
Acute elemental mercury inhalation: Inhalation of elemental mercury can lead to breathing and lung symptoms of various degrees of severity depending on the level of exposure.
Acute emphysema-like cough symptoms: is usually associated with with white colored sputum
Acute emphysema-like symptoms: symptoms such as dyspnea, cough with sputum , wheeze etc
Acute epiglottitis:
Acute episodic COPD-like symptoms: symptoms such as dyspnea, cough with sputum , wheeze etc
Acute episodic emphysema-like symptoms: symptoms like cough with sputum and dyspnea
Acute erythroleukemia: A rare condition characterized by the presence of abnormal blood cells (erythroblastic precursors) in the bone marrow and blood. The condition is characterized by anemia and generally leads to the development of acute myelogenous leukemia. The acute form has more severe symptoms than the chronic form.
Acute expiratory wheeze in children: An acute expiratory wheeze in children is an abnormal whistling sound heard when a child breathes, often on exhalation.
Acute expiratory wheeze in infants: An acute expiratory wheeze in children is a condition in which there is an abnormal whistling sound heard when an infant breathes, often on exhalation.
Acute gerd-like chest pain: must not be overlooked as it may be a medical emergency
Acute gerd-like sternum pain: Gerd presents with symptoms such as chest pain, heartburn and dysphagia
Acute gerd-like symptoms: conditions which causes symptoms present in GERD such as heartburn, dysphagia and chest pain
Acute hay fever-like breathing symptoms: hay fever is caused by pollens of specific seasonal plants, airborne chemicals and dust particles in people who are allergic to these substances
Acute hay fever-like cough: hay fever is caused by pollens of specific seasonal plants, airborne chemicals and dust particles in people who are allergic to these substances
Acute hay fever-like runny nose: hay fever is caused by pollens of specific seasonal plants, airborne chemicals and dust particles in people who are allergic to these substances
Acute hay fever-like sneezing symptoms: is caused by pollens of specific seasonal plants, airborne chemicals and dust particles in people who are allergic to these substances
Acute heartburn after eating: food can be the precipitating factor to cause heartburn
Acute heartburn after exercise: exercise maybe be a precipitating factor to some conditions presenting with heartburn
Acute heartburn pain resistant to treatment: medication may sometimes not help a condition with heartburn
Acute heartburn unrelated to eating: acute heartburn which is constant and not related to eating or any other precipitating factor
Acute heartburn with acid reflux: acid reflux related disorders
Acute heartburn without reflux: acute heartburn not related to reflux diseases
Acute heartburn-like chest pain: must not be overlooked as it may be a medical emergency
Acute heartburn-like sternum pain: must not be overlooked as it may be a medical emergency
Acute intermittent porphyria: A rare inherited metabolic disorder caused by a disturbed porphyrin metabolism resulting in increased production of porphyrin or its precursors. Symptoms include abdominal pain, photosensitivity and neurological disturbances such as seizures, coma, hallucinations and respiratory paralysis.
Acute kidney failure: The sudden and acute loss of kidney function
Acute leukaemia of ambiguous lineage: A term used to describe a type of leukemia (a blood cancer) where the leukemic cells cannot be determined as myeloid or lymphoid or where both types of cells are present.
Acute lower respiratory conditions: An acute condition that occurs in the lower respiratory tract
Acute lung fibrosis symptoms: symptoms such as dyspnea
Acute lymphocytic leukemia: A malignant disease that starts suddenly and progresses quickly. It is characterized by a high number of immature cells in the organs, bone marrow and blood. Symptoms include fever, pallor, anorexia, fatigue, anemia, hemorrhage, bone pain, splenomegaly and frequent infections. Also called acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Acute megacaryoblastic leukemia: A rare form of malignant bone marrow cancer involving the proliferation of immature precursors of blood cells. More specifically, it involves the rapid proliferation of megakaryoblasts (premature form of megakaryocytes).
Acute meningitis: Acute meningitis is an inflammation of the brain that presents in an acute fashion. The inflammation may be the result of infective agents such as bacteria, viruses and fungi as well as non-infective agents such as certain drugs. Acute forms of meningitis can develop in within hours or days whereas chronic meningitis develops over weeks or months.
Acute mercury inhalation: Inhalation of mercury vapor can lead to serious symptoms and even death if sufficient quantities are inhaled. Mercury inhalation is more likely in confined or poorly ventilated spaces. Mercury from a broken thermometer can lead to symptoms if it occurs in a confined space.
Acute mountain sickness: A condition that occurs when an un-acclimatized person climbs to high altitudes.
Acute myeloblastic leukemia type 1: A form of blood cancer resulting in the rapid proliferation of immature blood cells (blast cells).
Acute myeloblastic leukemia type 2: A form of blood cancer resulting in the rapid proliferation of granulocytes and monocytes.
Acute myeloblastic leukemia type 3: A rare form of malignant bone marrow cancer involving the rapid proliferation of immature precursors of blood cells. Type 3 involves the proliferation of promyelocytes.
Acute myeloblastic leukemia type 4: A rare form of malignant bone marrow cancer involving the rapid proliferation of immature precursors of blood cells. Type 4 involves the rapid proliferation of myelocytes and monocytes.
Acute myeloblastic leukemia type 5: A rare form of malignant bone marrow cancer involving the proliferation of immature precursors of blood cells. Type 5 involves the rapid proliferation of monoblasts (immature precursors of monocytes) in particular.
Acute myeloblastic leukemia type 6: A rare form of malignant bone marrow cancer involving the rapid proliferation of immature precursors of blood cells. Type 6 involves the proliferation of the immature precursors of red blood cells called erythroblasts.
Acute myeloblastic leukemia type 7: A rare form of malignant bone marrow cancer involving the proliferation of immature precursors of blood cells. Type 7 involves the rapid proliferation of megakaryoblasts (premature form of megakaryocytes) in particular.
Acute myelocytic leukemia: A malignant cancer of blood-forming tissues resulting in a high number of immature leukocytes. Symptoms include soft bleeding gums, anemia, fatigue, fever, dyspnea, moderate splenomegaly, joint and bone pains and frequent infections. Also called acute granulocytic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, myeloid leukemia, splenomedullary leukemia, splenomyelogenous leukemia.
Acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndromes related to alkylating agent: The use of alkylating agents to treat cancer can result in leukemia in some patients.
Acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndromes related to topoisomerase type II inhibitor: The use of topoisomerase type II inhibitors to treat cancer can result in leukemia in some patients.
Acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndromes, therapy related: Certain cancer therapies can result in the development of leukemia in some patients. These therapies includes topoisomerase type II inhibitors and alkylating agents.
Acute myeloid leukemia: A form of rapidly progressing blood cancer resulting in the rapid proliferation of granulocytes and monocytes, red blood cells and platelets.
Acute myeloid leukemia, adult: A form of blood cancer resulting in the rapid proliferation of granulocytes and monocytes, red blood cells and platelets.
Acute nausea and vomiting: Sudden onset unpleasant sensation in the abdomen causing a forcible regurgitation of stomach contents through the mouth
Acute nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: Acute nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is the sudden onset of a feeling of sickness in the stomach, associated with vomiting.
Acute nausea in pregnancy: Acute nausea in pregnancy is the sudden onset of a feeling of sickness in the stomach, often associated with vomiting.
Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis: A reoccurring periodontal disease which results in necrosis and ulceration of the gums. Symptoms may include fever, bone loss, breath odor and enlarge neck and throat lymph nodes. Also called trench mouth, Vincent's angina or Vincent's infection.
Acute non lymphoblastic leukemia: A form of rapidly progressing blood cancer resulting in the rapid proliferation of granulocytes and monocytes, red blood cells and platelets. It is one of the most common forms of leukemia in adults but can occur in children.
Acute pancreatitis: sudden inflammation of the pancreas
Acute pharyngitis: A condition which is characterized by an acute inflammatory reaction of the pharynx
Acute pimples on lips: acne is a disorder of the pilosebaceous unit. The inflammatory process varies from a papule, pustule to a nodule
Acute pimples on nose: acne is a disorder of the pilosebaceous unit. The inflammatory process varies from a papule, pustule to a nodule
Acute promyelocytic leukemia: A rare bone marrow cancer characterized by a lack of mature blood cells and excessive amounts of immature blood cells (promyelocytes).
Acute pulmonary fibrosis-like symptoms: symptoms such as dyspnea
Acute recurring COPD-like symptoms: symptoms such as dyspnea, cough with sputum , wheeze etc
Acute recurring emphysema-like symptoms: symptoms such as dyspnea, cough with sputum
Acute reflux-like regurgitation: acid reflux related disorders
Acute reflux-like regurgitation in pregnancy: Acute reflux-like regurgitation in pregnancy is the movement of the acid contents of the stomach through the gastro-oesophageal sphincter up into the oesophagus, causing a burning, pain or discomfort in the chest, commonly known as heartburn. The contents sometimes reach the mouth and may be swallowed or expelled.
Acute reflux-like symptoms: acid reflux related disorders
Acute reflux-like symptoms in pregnancy: Acute reflux-like symptoms in pregnancy is the movement of the acid contents of the stomach through the gastro-oesophageal sphincter up into the oesophagus, causing a burning, pain or discomfort in the chest, commonly known as heartburn. The contents sometimes reach the mouth and may be swallowed or expelled.
Acute reflux-like vomiting: acid reflux like disorders asociated with vomiting
Acute reflux-like vomiting in pregnancy: Acute reflux-like vomiting in pregnancy is the movement of the acid contents of the stomach through the gastro-oesophageal sphincter up into the oesophagus, causing a burning, pain or discomfort in the chest, commonly known as heartburn. The contents sometimes reach the mouth and may be swallowed or expelled.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Infant: A breathing disorder that occurs in infants. The underdeveloped lungs fail to functioning adequately and the body becomes deprived of oxygen. The condition is more likely to affect premature infants and the greater the prematurity, the greater the risk.
Acute rheumatic fever: Bacterial joint infection with risk of heart complications.
Acute rhinitis: An acute condition which affects the nasal mucous caused by inflammation
Acute seasonal COPD-like symptoms: symptoms such as dyspnea, cough with sputum , wheeze etc
Acute seasonal asthma-like symptoms: Acute seasonal asthma-like symptoms are symptoms of asthma, such as wheezing and shortness of breath, that occur suddenly during a particular season.
Acute severe asthma-like breathing attacks: asthma sometimes causes severe episodes of dyspnea
Acute sinusitis: An acute inflammation of the sinuses
Acute stress disorder: An acute anxiety state
Acute upper respiratory infection: Upper respiratory tract infections, are the illnesses caused by an acute infection which involves the upper respiratory tract: nose, sinuses, pharynx or larynx
Acute wheezing at night: wheeze is a continuous, coarse, whistling sound produced in the respiratory airways during breathing.
Acute wheezing attacks: wheeze is a continuous, coarse, whistling sound produced in the respiratory airways during breathing.
Acute wheezing symptoms: also known as laryngotracheobronchitis.Croup is characterized by a harsh "barking" cough and sneeze, inspiratory stridor (a high-pitched sound heard on inhalation), nausea/vomiting, and fever
Acute wheezing symptoms with stridor: in very severe respiratory cases wheezing maybe associated with stridor
Acute wheezing worse when lying down: also known as orthopnea is the dyspnoea which occurs on lying down and is relieved on sitting up
Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, very long chain, deficiency of: A rare inherited genetic condition where the body is unable to convert certain fats to energy i.e. there is not enough of a certain enzyme which is needed to metabolize a type of fat called long-chain fatty acids. The build-up of these fatty acids in the body causes damage. There are three subtypes of the disorder each with varying severity: severe early-onset form, an intermediate form and an adult-onset form.
Adam Stokes attacks: Adam Stokes attacks refers to sudden episodes of lightheadedness, fainting and possibly convulsions, that are characteristic of Adam Stokes disease, caused by a heart rhythm abnormality.
Adam-Stokes respirations: known as Adam- Stokes syndrome is a sudden transient attack of syncope occasionally associated with seizures
Addiction symptoms: Symptoms related to addiction (physical or mental addiction)
Adducted thumb syndrome recessive form: A rare recessively inherited disorder characterized mainly by a small head, arthrogryposis (joint contractures), cleft palate and various other abnormalities.
Adducted thumbs -- arthrogryposis, Christian type: A rare recessively inherited disorder characterized mainly by a small head, arthrogryposis (joint contractures), cleft palate and various other abnormalities.
Adducted thumbs Dundar type: A rare disorder characterized by a thumb abnormality as well as mental retardation, foot defects and other anomalies.
Adenocarcinoma of lung: A tumor that develops in the lining of the lung. The tumor is usually slow growing.
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar: A form of lung cancer that develops in the bronchioles or alveoli.
Adenocarcinoma, Follicular: A type of cancer of the thyroid gland.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma: A malignant cancer in the form of cysts which may occur in the salivary glands, breast, mucous glands of the respiratory tract and sometimes in vulval vestibular glands. Also called adeoncystic carcinoma, adenomyoepithelioma, cribriform carcinoma or cylindroma.
Adenoid disorders: A disorder of the adenoids of the throat
Adenoiditis: Infection of the adenoids in the nasal-throat region
Adenoids bleeding: Adenoids or nasopharyngeal tonsils are a mass of lymphoid tissue situated at the back of the nose, in the roof of the nasopharynx.
Adenoids blister: Adenoids or nasopharyngeal tonsils are a mass of lymphoid tissue situated at the back of the nose, in the roof of the nasopharynx. A raised lesion less than 0.5mm in diameter filled with fluid can appear on the adenoids in the following conditions.
Adenoids bruise: Adenoids or nasopharyngeal tonsils are a mass of lymphoid tissue situated at the back of the nose, in the roof of the nasopharynx.
Adenoids burning sensation: Abnormal sensations in the adenoids.
Adenoids infection: Infection of the adenoid lymphoid tissue usually due to bacterial or viral causative agents.
Adenoids inflammation: Infection of the adenoid lymphoid tissue usually due to bacterial or viral causative agents.
Adenoids itch: Adenoids or nasopharyngeal tonsils are a mass of lymphoid tissue situated at the back of the nose, in the roof of the nasopharynx.
Adenoids lump: Adenoids or nasopharyngeal tonsils are a mass of lymphoid tissue situated at the back of the nose, in the roof of the nasopharynx. Raised irregular swelling can appear in the adenoids due to the following cases.
Adenoids numb: Abnormal sensations in the adenoids.
Adenoids pain: Adenoids or nasopharyngeal tonsils are a mass of lymphoid tissue situated at the back of the nose, in the roof of the nasopharynx.
Adenoids rash: Adenoids or nasopharyngeal tonsils are a mass of lymphoid tissue situated at the back of the nose, in the roof of the nasopharynx. A raised lesion can appear on the adenoids in the following conditions.
Adenoids redness: Erythematous inflammatory changes in the adenoid tissue due to local inflammation.
Adenoids swelling: Increase in the size of the adenoids due to inflammatory changes in the adenoid tissue.
Adenoids tingling: Adenoids or nasopharyngeal tonsils are a mass of lymphoid tissue situated at the back of the nose, in the roof of the nasopharynx. Abnormal sensations in the adenoid.
Adenoids ulcer: Adenoids or nasopharyngeal tonsils are a mass of lymphoid tissue situated at the back of the nose, in the roof of the nasopharynx. A break in the lining mucous membrane can appear on the adenoids in the following conditions.
Adenophorea Infections: A parasitic roundworm infection. Roundworms can be found in water and soil environments as well as on plants and in animals.
Adenosine triphosphatase deficiency, anaemia due to: Deficiency of a chemical (adenosine triphosphate) resulting in anemia.
Adenoviridae Infections: Infection with a virus from the Adenoviridae family. The most common sites for infection are membrane linings such as the intestines, respiratory and urinary tract and the eyes. The infection may result in a range of symptoms depending on the particular virus involved. Transmission usually occurs through breathing in the germs or through fecal-oral contact. The infection is contagious.
Adenovirus infection in immunocompromised patients: Infection with a virus from the Adenoviridae family that occurs in a patient with a weakened immune system. The infection in these people is serious and can be fatal. The infection may result in a range of symptoms depending on the particular virus involved. Transmission usually occurs through breathing in the germs or through fecal-oral contact.
Adenovirus-related Cold: An Adenovirus-related cold is a relatively minor contagious infection of the nose and throat caused by the Adenovirus. Although colds can cause discomfort they are not considered a serious condition.
Adenoviruses: Common viruses causing common cold and various other ailments.
Adhesive abuse: Adhesive abuse is the use of various inhalants for the purpose of achieving a "high". They are often used as a cheap, readily available alternative to street drugs but they can cause serious damage to the body. Adhesives include household glues, rubber cement and model aeroplane glue. These adhesives can be abused by sniffing them, spraying directly into the mouth, heating them and then inhaling them or injecting them directly into the body.
Adhesive addiction: Adhesive addiction refers to the compulsive need to abuse adhesives (e.g. sniffing them). Sufferers have withdrawal symptoms when attempting to stop the habit and feel unable to stop the habit despite knowing the harm it is causing their health. Aerosols are very damaging to the body and can readily result permanent brain damage and even death. Death can occur through chronic use and in rare cases can occur after one session of use. Children and teenagers are particular at risk for this type of addiction - it is readily available and users feel it gains them greater acceptance from their peers. Adhesives includes household glue, rubber cement and model airplane glue.
Adrenal Cancer: A malignant cancer that develops in the adrenal gland. The tumor may be nonfunctioning (does not produce hormones) or functioning in which case excessive levels of hormones can cause a variety of symptoms depending on which hormone is involved. Adrenal hormones made in the cortex (outer part of the gland) are aldosterone, corticosteroids and androgenic steroids. Adrenalin and noradrenalin are the hormones made in the medulla (central part of the adrenal gland).
Adrenal adenoma, familial: A benign tumor that develops in the adrenal gland and tends to run in families. The tumor may be nonfunctioning (does not produce hormones) or functioning in which case excessive levels of hormones can cause a variety of symptoms depending on which hormone is involved. Adrenal hormones made in the cortex (outer part of the gland) are aldosterone, corticosteroids and androgenic steroids . Adrenalin and noradrenalin are the hormones made in the medulla (central part of the adrenal gland).
Adrenal gland hyperfunction: Excessive activity of the adrenal gland which causes excessive production of one or more adrenal hormones (aldosterone, corticosteroids, androgenic steroids, epinephrine and norepinephrine). The increased adrenal gland activity may be caused by an adrenal gland tumor or by excessive stimulation of the gland. Pituitary hormones stimulate adrenal gland activity.
Adrenal hemorrhage, neonatal: Hemorrhage of the adrenal gland after birth. The severity of the disorder is varies from a small hemorrhage to damage to the whole adrenal gland. Sometimes the condition is discovered incidentally during ultrasounds for other reasons. The hemorrhage may occur as the result of a variety of causes including adrenal tumor, neonatal stress, and blood coagulation disorder or for no apparent reason.
Adrenal hyperplasia: A group of disorder that occur when there is a problem in the process of making adrenal corticosteroids.
Adrenal hyperplasia, congenital type 3: A group of disorders that occur when a deficiency of 21-hydroxylase impairs the normal process of making adrenal corticosteroids. The severity of the condition is variable depending on the degree of deficiency.
Adrenal hypertension: Adrenal hypertension is high blood pressure caused by adrenal gland problems. For example, an adrenal tumor can cause excessive production of aldosterone which in turn causes salt-retention and high blood pressure. Severity of symptoms varies depending on the underlying cause.
Adrenal incidentaloma: A tumor of the adrenal gland that is discovered incidentally while performing an imaging examination for reasons other than an adrenal tumor. The tumor may be asymptomatic or can causes excessive secretion of adrenal hormones and resulting symptoms. The tumor may also be malignant or benign.
Adrenal medulla neoplasm: A tumor that develops in the part of the adrenal gland called the medulla which produces adrenalin and noradrenaline. The tumor is usually benign but can be malignant.
Adrenoleukodystrophy, autosomal, neonatal form: A rare inherited disorder involving the adrenal glands, testes and certain parts of the brain (white matter). It is a less severe form of leukodystrophy where an abnormality within the body cells prevents the metabolism of certain fats (long chain fatty acids).
Adult Cystic Fibrosis: Cystic fibrosis is an inherited condition characterized by the production of thick sticky mucus by the mucus glands in the lungs, intestines, liver and pancreas. The condition is most often diagnosed in children or young adults but occasionally, relatively mild symptoms may lead to frequent misdiagnosis or no diagnosis at all unless the symptoms become worse. The condition may be misdiagnosed as emphysema, asthma or chronic bronchitis. It is usually females with a mild form of the disease who tend to be diagnosed at a later age.
Adult Panic-Anxiety Syndrome: A psychiatric disorder involving anxiety and panic attacks that occur for no obvious reason.
Adult SMA: Form of Spinal Muscular Atrophy in adults.
Adult onset Still's disease: A form of Still's disease that has a later onset and involves arthralgia or arthritis and a characteristic rash that often appears during periods of temperature increase.
Adult progressive spinal muscular atrophy, Aran Duchenne type: A group of inherited motor neuron diseases involving progressive muscle weakness, wasting and paralysis due to degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord. Muscle weakness and wasting usually starts in the hands and may gradually spread to other muscle groups.
Adult respiratory distress syndrome: A condition which is characterized by fulminant pulmonary interstitial alveolar oedema.
Adult-onset asthma: Adult-onset asthma is a type of asthma that occurs during adulthood. Asthma involves constriction and inflammation of the airways. The severity of symptoms is variable. Allergies account for about half the cases of adult-onset asthma.
Adverse reaction to chemical -- 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane: 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane is a chemical used in soil fumigants and as a nematocide for various field crops. Commercial examples include Fumagon, Nemagon, Fumazone, Nemapax, Nemafume. Some people can suffer an adverse reaction to the chemical. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the route of exposure.
Adverse reaction to chemical -- 1,2-Dibromoethane: 1,2-Dibromoethane is a chemical used in gasoline, soil fumigants, fire extinguishers, flue gases and mechanical gauge fluid. Excessive exposure to this chemical can cause serious symptoms. The severity of symptoms varies amongst patients.
Adverse reaction to chemical -- Allyl trichloride: Allyl trichloride is a chemical used mainly as a varnish or paint remover, cleaning agent or degreasing agent. Some people can suffer an adverse reaction to the chemical. The severity of symptoms varies amongst patients.
Aelurophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of cats.
Aerophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of fresh air, breezes and flying.
Aerosol abuse: Aerosol abuse is the use of various inhalants for the purpose of achieving a "high". They are often used as a cheap, readily available alternative to street drugs but they can cause serious damage to the body. Aerosols include air fresheners, hair spray, spray pain and deodorants. These aerosols can be abused by sniffing them, spraying directly into the mouth, heating them and then inhaling them or injecting them directly into the body.
Aerosol addiction: Aerosol addiction refers to the compulsive need to abuse aerosol (e.g. sniffing them). Sufferers have withdrawal symptoms when attempting to stop the habit and feel unable to stop the habit despite knowing the harm it is causing their health. Aerosols are very damaging to the body and can readily result permanent brain damage and even death. Death can occur through chronic use and in rare cases can occur after one session of use. Children and teenagers are particular at risk for this type of addiction - it is readily available and users feel it gains them greater acceptance from their peers. Aerosols includes spray pain, air freshener, deodorants and hair sprays.
Aflatoxicosis: Poisoning from ingestion of aflatoxins.
African milk bush poisoning: The African milk bush originated from African and is a shrubby plant with small flowers. The milky sap contains diterpene esters which can cause symptoms if it is eaten or if the sap comes into contact with the skin or eyes. It can cause severe skin irritation and the high toxicity of the sap can cause death if sufficient quantities are eaten.
Agnathia-holoprosencephaly-situs inversus: A very rare disorder characterized by a small or absent jaw, developmental brain defect and internal organs situated on the wrong side of the body (situs inversus). The severity and range of symptoms is variable.
Agonal respiration: ia an abnormal pattern of breathing characterised by shallow, slow, irregular inspirations followed by irregular pauses
Agranulocytosis: Extremely low level of white blood cells (basophils, eosinophils and neutrophils).
Agyrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of crossing roads. It includes a fear of being attacked on the street or being unable to defend oneself while crossing the road.
Aicardi syndrome: A rare genetic disorder where the structure connecting the two halves of the brain fails to develop which results in seizures and eye abnormalities .
Aichmophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of pointy objects or needles.
Air and water in the pleura: Air and water in the pleura refers to the abnormal presence of air and water within the layers of the thin covering that protect the lungs.
Air embolism: A condition where an air bubble enters the cardiovascular system (via injection, intravenous therapy, surgery or puncture wound) and obstructs the blood flow.
Air hunger: is the sensation of the urge to breathe
Air in the pleura: Air in the pleura is the abnormal presence of air within the layers of the thin covering that protect the lungs.
Airborne allergy: An airborne allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to airborne allergens such as pollen, mold spores and house dust mites. The specific symptoms that can result can vary amongst patients.
Airway collapse: closure of the airway
Airway hyperactivity: increased airway sensitivity maybe due to various etiological factors
Airway obstruction: airway obstruction is a blockage of the upper airway, which can be in the trachea, laryngeal (voice box), or pharyngeal (throat) areas or involve the bronch.
Airway obstruction in children: Airway obstruction in children refers to an object or disease process that causes partial or total blockage of a child's breathing tube and leads to difficulty breathing or inability to breath.
Airway occlusion: swelling of the laryngeal mucosa
Al Awadi syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized primarily by severe malformations involving the limbs and pelvis.
Al Awadi-Raas-Rothschild syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized primarily by severe malformations involving the limbs and pelvis. The exact type and severity of symptoms is variable. Most cases appear to occur in cases where the parents were related.
Alagille syndrome: A genetic disorder affecting the liver and characterized by the absence of some or all of the liver bile ducts that transport bile within the liver.
Alar cartilages hypoplasia -- coloboma -- telecanthus: A rare inherited disorder characterized by a cleft in the nose cartilage and an increased distance between the corner of the eye and the nose (telecanthus).
Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy: A rare genetic disorder where the body fails to recognize and respond to the parathyroid hormone. The parathyroid hormone is involved in controlling the blood levels of calcium and phosphate.
Alcohol breath odor: scent of air when we breathe out.
Alcohol-Induced Disorders: Disorders caused by excessive alcohol consumption. The symptoms are variable depending on the disorder involved. Some of the disorders are: alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, alcohol intoxication, alcohol withdrawal, alcohol intoxication delirium, alcohol withdrawal delirium, alcohol-induced persisting dementia, alcohol-induced persisting amnestic disorder, alcohol-induced psychotic disorder, alcohol-induced mood disorder, alcohol-induced anxiety disorder, alcohol-induced sexual dysfunction, alcohol-induced sleep disorder, liver damage, liver cancer and esophageal cancer.
Alcohol-induced hypertension: Alcohol-induced hypertension is high blood pressure caused by excessive drinking of alcohol.
Alcoholic intoxication: The excessive consumption of alcohol can have toxic effects on the body and can ultimately result in death in severe cases.
Alektorophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of chickens.
Algophobia: An anxiety disorder where the sufferer is fearful of experiencing pain or seeing others experiencing it.
Allain Babin Demarquez syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized by premature fusion of skullbones, abnormal development of skeletal bones and hypertension.
Allanson-Pantzar-McLeod syndrome: A rare genetic disorder where abnormal development of kidney tubules results in severe kidney problems that start during the fetal stage.
Allergenic cross-reactivity: Studies have indicated that a significant number of people with certain allergies will also have allergic responses to other allergens which have a similar protein. For example patients allergic to birch pollen will often have allergies to plant foods such as apples and peaches. Symptoms can range from mild response to severe allergic reactions. Cross-reactivity tends to have mainly oral allergy symptoms with breathing problems and anaphylactic reactions being extremely rare. Food allergies related to cross-reactivity tend to be less severe than those not related to cross-reactivity.
Allergic asthma: A form of asthma caused by inhalation of airborne allergenic substance.
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: An allergic reaction that occurs in the bronchopulmonary tract due to the occurrence of aspergillosis
Allergic irritability syndrome: Symptoms such as irritability and poor concentration associated with nose, ear and sinus symptoms caused by allergies such as hayfever.
Allergic reaction: A hypersensitivity reaction produced by the body, which results in an exaggerated or inappropriate immune reaction to a particular substance.
Allergic rhinitis: An allergic reaction of the nasal mucosa that may occur seasonally
Allergic tension-fatigue syndrome: Variable symptoms caused by food allergy.
Allergies: Immune system over-reaction to various substances.
Allergy like cough: allergic cough varies with the position of the body
Allergy-like breathing symptoms: difficulty in breathing due to allergy symptoms
Allergy-like conditions: Medical conditions with similar effects to those of allergies.
Allergy-like runny nose: allergy is one of the main factors for runny nose
Allergy-like sneezing symptoms: allergy causes runny nose, sneezing and headache
Alopecia immunodeficiency: A rare syndrome characterized by alopecia and primary immunodeficiency.
Alpers Syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized by liver disease, seizures and progressive, episodic psychomotor retardation.
Alpha thalassemia: Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by abnormal synthesis of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin consists of two main protein chains called alpha and beta. Alpha thalassemia involves defects in one or more of the four genes required to make each ? protein chain. The main symptom is anemia, the severity of which can vary amongst patients depending on how many defective genes are involved.
Alpha thalassemia -- Hemoglobin H disease: Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by abnormal synthesis of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin consists of two main protein chains called alpha and beta. Hemoglobin H disease involves defects in three of the four genes required to make each ? protein chain. The main symptom is moderate to severe anemia.
Alpha thalassemia major: Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by abnormal synthesis of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin consists of two main protein chains called alpha and beta. Alpha thalassemia major is very rare involves defects in all of the four genes required to make each ? protein chain. The condition leads to infant death before or soon after birth.
Alpha-Mannosidosis: A rare condition which is characterized by a lysosomal storage defect.
Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency, Type II: A very rare inherited metabolic disorder where deficiency of an enzyme (alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase) causes glycoplids to accumulate in body tissues and result in various symptoms. Type 2 occurs during the second or third decade of life and is milder than type I and doesn't involve neurological degeneration.
Alpha-mannosidosis, adult-onset form:
Alport Syndrome: A rare hereditary disorder involving the progressive deterioration of parts of the kidney resulting in chronic kidney disease.
Alport syndrome -- mental retardation -- midface hypoplasia -- elliptocytosis: A rare syndrome characterized by the association of Alport syndrome, mental retardation, underdeveloped midface and a blood abnormality (elliptocytosis). Alport syndrome is an inherited condition involving progressive kidney damage and hearing loss.
Alport syndrome with macrothrombocytopenia: A rare inherited syndrome characterized by progressive kidney damage and hearing loss as well as macrothrombocytopenia.
Altered respiratory pattern: also known as as tachyapnea , characterised by an increased respiratory rate
Altered teeth shape: Altered teeth shape refers to a change in the shape of teeth.
Altered vital signs: vital signs are measures of various physiological statistics often taken by health professionals in order to assess the most basic body functions,altered vital signs indicate an underlying abnormality
Altered vital signs due to dehydration: Altered vital signs due to dehydration refers to a change in the pulse, breathing, blood pressure and/or body temperature as a result of a lack of sufficient fluid in the body.
Altered vital signs due to encephalopathy: Altered vital signs due to encephalopathy refers to a change in the pulse, breathing, blood pressure and/or body temperature as a result of encephalopathy.
Altered vital signs due to road traffic accident: Altered vital signs due to road traffic accident refers to a change in the pulse, breathing, blood pressure and/or body temperature as a result of a motor vehicle collision.
Altered vital signs in case of diabetic ketoacidosis: Altered vital signs in case of diabetic ketoacidosis is a change in the pulse, breathing, blood pressure and/or body temperature as a result of diabetic ketoacidosis.
Altered vital signs in meningitis: Altered vital signs in meningitis is a condition in which there is a change in the pulse, breathing, blood pressure and/or body temperature as a result of meningitis.
Altered vital signs in pulmonary embolism: Altered vital signs in pulmonary embolism refers to a change in the pulse, breathing, blood pressure and/or body temperature as a result of pulmonary embolism.
Aluminium lung: A respiratory condition caused by breathing in aluminium containing substances such as aluminium ore or a grain preservative called aluminium phosphide.
Alveolar Hydatid Disease: Rare multi-organ tapeworm infection caught from animals.
Alveolar capillary dysplasia: The abnormal development of the lung blood vessels. The normal barrier across which air and blood can diffuse fails to develop properly. Death usually results within weeks of birth but rare cases can survive for months.
Alveolar echinococcosis: A rare parasitic infection caused by the larva of a miniscule tapeworm called Echinococcus multilocularis. Transmission occurs through contact with foxes, coyotes, dogs and cats. The condition results in the development of parasitic tumors in the liver (sometimes other organs such as brain and lungs) but it generally causes no symptom for 5 to 15 years after infection.
Alveolitis, extrinsic allergic: A lung disease that tends to occur in people with jobs where they are frequently exposed to organic dust inhalation.
Alves Castelo dos Santos syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized by hair, eye, skin and spinal abnormalities.
Alzheimer disease 10: An inherited form of Alzheimer's. Type 10 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 10p13.
Alzheimer disease 12: An inherited form of Alzheimer's. Type 12 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 8p12-q22.
Alzheimer disease 13: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 1q21. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
Alzheimer disease 14: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 1q25. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
Alzheimer disease 15: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 3q22-q24. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
Alzheimer disease 16: Alzheimer disease 16 (late-onset) is a form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome Xq21.3. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
Alzheimer disease 2, late-onset: Alzheimer disease 2 (late-onset) is a form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 19q13.2. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
Alzheimer disease 3, (early-onset Alzheimer disease): Alzheimer disease 3 is an early-onset form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 14q24.3. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
Alzheimer disease 5: An inherited form of Alzheimer's. Type 5 has a late onset and is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 12p11.
Alzheimer disease 6: A genetic form of Alzheimer's. Type 6 has a late onset and is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 10q24.
Alzheimer disease 7: An inherited form of Alzheimer's. Type 7 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 10p13.
Alzheimer disease 8: An inherited form of Alzheimer's. Type 8 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 20p.
Alzheimer disease 9: A genetic form of Alzheimer's. Type 9 has a late onset and is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 19p13.2.
Alzheimer disease, early-onset, with cerebral amyloid angiopathy: An early-onset form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 21q21. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
Alzheimer disease, familial, 1: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 21q. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
Alzheimer disease, familial, 11: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 9p22.1. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
Alzheimer disease, familial, 3, with spastic paraparesis and apraxia: This form of Alzheimer's is an early-onset form of Alzheimer's that is linked to a defect on chromosome 14q24.3. It is characterized by features which are atypical for Alzheimer's - spastic paraparesis which occurs before the dementia symptoms and apraxia. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
Alzheimer disease, familial, 3, with spastic paraparesis and unusual plaques: This form of Alzheimer's is an early-onset form of Alzheimer's that is linked to a defect on chromosome 14q24.3. It is characterized by features which are atypical for Alzheimer's - spastic paraparesis which occurs before the dementia symptoms and unusual plaques in the brain. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
Alzheimer disease, familial, 4: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 1q31-q42. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
Amastia, bilateral, with ureteral triplication and dysmorphism: A very rare disorder characterized mainly by the absence of both breasts, triplicated ureters (normally they are duplicated), facial anomalies and various other defects.
Amathophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of dust.
Amaxophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of riding in a vehicle or being in one.
Ambien overdose: Ambien is a prescription drug mainly used to treat insomnia. Excessive doses of the drug can result in various symptoms and even death in severe cases.
Amebiasis: Intestinal inflammation caused by Entamoeba histolytica and often marked by symptoms such as frequent, loose bowel movements that contain blood and mucus. Also called intestinal amebic dysentery.
Ameloblastoma: A congenital tumor of the pituitary gland. Also called craniopharyngioma, craniopharyngeal duct tumor, pituitary adamantinoma or Rathke's pouch tumor.
Ammonia breath odor: the odor of ammonia on the breath is described as urinous or "fishy" breath
Amniotic fluid syndrome: A rare disorder where large amounts of amniotic fluid suddenly enters the blood stream. The amniotic fluid contains debris which can block blood vessels and dilutes the blood which affects coagulation. This can occur when there is an opening in a blood vessel wall and can occur if the birth involves difficult labor, older women, dead fetus syndrome or large babies. The condition can result in rapid death of the mother.
Amoebiasis: An infectious disease caused by a free-living amoebic parasite called Entamoeba histolytica. The organism infects the bowel and causes gastroenteritis. Infection occurs through ingesting contaminated food or water. It is more common in countries with poor sanitation. The incubation period may last from days to weeks before symptoms appear.
Amphetamine abuse: Use of the stimulant drugs known as amphetamines or "speed"
Amphetamine-induced hypertension: Amphetamine-induced hypertension is high blood pressure caused by use of amphetamines. Patients with an existing history of hypertension may suffer further blood pressure increases while taking amphetamines and this can be serious. Severity of symptoms varies amongst patients depending on their susceptibility, underlying health and duration of amphetamine use.
Amphoric breath sounds: unusual hollow breath sound usually heard due to cavities in the bronchial system
Ampola syndrome: A rare genetic disease characterized primarily by mental retardation, facial anomalies, short stature, seizures and finger and toe abnormalities.
Amychophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of being scratched or clawed.
Amyloid cardiopathy: Amyloidosis is a rare group of metabolic disorders where a protein called amyloid accumulates in body organs and tissues where it can cause damage and is potentially fatal. The cardiac form involves deposits of amyloid in the heart muscle which affects its function. The electrical conduction system of the heart is impaired.
Amyloid cardiopathy, familial: Amyloidosis is a rare group of metabolic disorders where a protein called amyloid accumulates in body organs and tissues where it can cause damage and is potentially fatal. The familial cardiac form is inherited and involves deposits of amyloid in the heart muscle which affects its function. The electrical conduction system of the heart is impaired.
Amyloidosis: A disease characterized by the accumulation of insoluble amyloid protein in tissues and organs which in turn affects the functioning of these tissues and organs.
Amyloidosis AL: A disease involving the abnormal deposit of amyloid fibrils in virtually any part of the body - the heart, liver, kidney and peripheral and autonomic nerves are most commonly affected. The abnormal amyloid fibrils are produced abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow. In some cases, the excess growth of abnormal plasma cells can result in a cancerous condition called myeloma resulting in bone pain and infections. A patient with myeloma may develop amyloidosis but it is rare for a patient with AL amyloidosis to go on to develop myeloma.
Amyloidosis, Familial: Amyloidosis is a rare group of metabolic disorders where a protein called amyloid accumulates in body organs and tissues where it can cause damage. In the familial form, the type of amyloid involved is usually a plasma protein called transthyretin. The main parts of the body affected are the nerves, heart and kidneys.
Amyloidosis, Inherited: Amyloidosis is a rare group of metabolic disorders where a protein called amyloid accumulates in body organs and tissues where it can cause damage. In the inherited form, the type of amyloid involved is usually a plasma protein called transthyretin. The main parts of the body affected are the nerves, heart and kidneys.
Amyloidosis, inflammatory: Amyloidosis is a rare group of metabolic disorders where a protein called amyloid accumulates in body organs and tissues where it can cause damage and is potentially fatal. Symptoms depend on the organs involved. Secondary amyloidosis is caused by a chronic infection of inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple myeloma, tuberculosis and osteomyelitis. The main organs affected in secondary amyloidosis are usually the kidneys, liver, spleen and lymph nodes. The peripheral and autonomic nerves and the heart are rarely affected.
Amyoplasia congenital disruptive sequence: A rare genetic disorder characterized by congenital contractures of two or more different joints.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A degenerative motor neuron disease marked by weakness and wasting of the muscles which starts at the hands and legs and spreads to the rest of the body. Death occurs in 2 to 5 years. Also called Lou Gehrig's disease or wasting palsy.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 3: An inherited disorder involving progressive degeneration of motor neurons which results in muscle weakness and wasting. Type 3 is caused by a defect on chromosome 18q21.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 6: An inherited disorder involving progressive degeneration of motor neurons which results in muscle weakness and wasting. Type 6 is caused by a defect on chromosome 16q12.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 7: An inherited disorder involving progressive degeneration of motor neurons which results in muscle weakness and wasting. Type 7 is caused by a defect on chromosome 20p13.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 8: An inherited disorder involving progressive degeneration of motor neurons which results in muscle weakness and wasting. Type 9 is caused by a defect on chromosome 20q13.3 and is a dominantly inherited, late-onset form.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 1:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, familial:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, familial type 1: A generally fatal, inherited progressive disease where destruction of motor nerves in the spinal cord and brain stem cause progressive muscle weakness and wasting. Type 1 is characterized by adult onset and relatively fast progression of symptoms. It usually occurs in an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, familial type 2: A generally fatal, inherited progressive disease where destruction of motor nerves in the spinal cord and brain stem cause progressive muscle weakness and wasting. Type 2 is characterized by childhood or adolescent onset of symptoms which progress very slowly over decades. It occurs in an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, familial type 3: A generally fatal, inherited progressive disease where destruction of motor nerves in the spinal cord and brain stem cause progressive muscle weakness and wasting. Type 3 is characterized late adulthood onset of symptoms which progress slowly over 5 years. It occurs in an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, familial type 6: A generally fatal, inherited progressive disease where destruction of motor nerves in the spinal cord and brain stem cause progressive muscle weakness and wasting. Type 6 is characterized adult onset of symptoms with progression varying between 1 and 20 years. It occurs in an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, familial type 7: A generally fatal, inherited progressive disease where destruction of motor nerves in the spinal cord and brain stem cause progressive muscle weakness and wasting. Type 7 is characterized adult onset of symptoms with progression varying between less than 5 years to several decades. It occurs in an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, familial type 8: A generally fatal, inherited progressive disease where destruction of motor nerves in the spinal cord and brain stem cause progressive muscle weakness and wasting. Type 8 is characterized by adult onset and relatively slow progression of symptoms. It occurs in an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, type 6: An inherited disorder involving progressive degeneration of motor neurons which results in muscle weakness and wasting. Type 6 is caused by a defect on chromosome 16q12.
Analgesic asthma syndrome: Asthma caused by the use of pain-killing and anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin.
Anaphylaxis: An immediate hypersensitivity reaction due to the exposure of a specific antigen to a sensitized individual
Anchovy poisoning (clupeotoxin): Some anchovies contain toxins (Clupeotoxin) which can be poisonous to humans if eaten. Heat does not destroy the toxin and there is still uncertainty as to the origin of the toxin. The toxin appears to be present in higher concentrations in summer and is believed to be possible linked to the consumption of toxic food in its food web. The size and age of the anchovy does not appear to be related to the toxicity. The anchovies are found in coastal waters off Africa and the Caribbean, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Ancylostoma duodenale: An infestation with Ancylostoma duodenale which is a parasitic hookwork whichcan cause serious disease in humans - usually occurs in people who work barefoot in damp soil. The hookworms suck blood from the intestines of the host which can result in anemia if there is a large number of worms.
Androphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of men
Anemia: Reduced red blood cells in the blood
Anemia of pregnancy: Anemia of pregnancy is anemia that occurs during pregnancy. Women's bodies have a greater demand for iron during pregnancy and if intake is not sufficient, anemia can result. Anemia in pregnant women can lead to infant problems such as premature birth, fetal death, retarded growth and other problems.
Anemia, Blackfan Diamond: Diamond-Blackfan anemia is a rare genetic condition where the bone marrow is unable to make sufficient red blood cells which leads low levels of red blood cells. There are eight subtypes of the condition which differ in the location of the genetic defect and the incidence of additional symptoms such as malformations. The severity of symptoms is variable but most cases are serious.
Anemia, Hemolytic, Warm Antibody: A rare autoimmune condition where the body's defense system attacks and destroys red blood cells. The onset of the condition is triggered by temperatures 37ºC or higher. The severity of the disorder is variable.
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency: A lack of fully functioning red blood cells due to a deficiency of iron. The iron allows the body to make hemoglobin in red blood cells which in turn allows the red blood cell to carry oxygen.
Anemia, Neonatal: Insufficient red blood cells that can carry oxygen around the body. It is common in premature births or can occur as a result of blood loss before, during or just after the birth.
Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts: A bone marrow disease which results in insufficient red blood cells in the blood (anemia). The prognosis is poor with death usually occurring within a couple of years. There are two types: type 1 refers to cases where the level of blasts is less than 10% and type 2 refers to cases where the level of blasts is 10-20%. When too many immature blood cells (blasts) are produced by the bone marrow, the condition may progress to acute myeloid leukemia - occurs in about a quarter of cases in type 1 and a third of cases in type 2.
Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts, type 1: A bone marrow disease which results in insufficient red blood cells in the blood (anemia). The prognosis is poor with death usually occurring within a couple of years. Type 1 refers to cases where the level of blasts is less than 10% and type 2 refers to cases where the level of blasts is 10-20%. When too many immature blood cells (blasts) are produced by the bone marrow, the condition may progress to acute myeloid leukemia - occurs in about a quarter of cases in type 1.
Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts, type 2: A bone marrow disease which results in insufficient red blood cells in the blood (anemia). The prognosis is poor with death usually occurring within a couple of years. Type 1 refers to cases where the level of blasts is less than 10% and type 2 refers to cases where the level of blasts is 10-20%. When too many immature blood cells (blasts) are produced by the bone marrow, the condition may progress to acute myeloid leukemia - occurs in about a third of cases in type 2.
Anemia, Sideroblastic: A rare blood disorder where abnormal utilization of iron results in the production of defective red blood cells which have excessive deposits of iron in them.
Anemia, hypochromic microcytic: A blood disorder where red blood cells are too small and lack sufficient iron. It can be inherited or caused by insufficient iron in the diet or from a genetic disorder.
Anemias, Sideroblastic: Sideroblastic anemias are a group of rare blood disorders where the bone marrow is unable to produce normal red blood cells. The body has enough iron but the red blood cells are unable to utilize it in a normal manner and anemia results. The red blood cells become overloaded with iron and are unable to carry out their normal functions. Some forms of sideroblastic anemia are inherited but most tend to be acquired due to such things as exposure to toxins and certain drugs, leukemia, inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and nutritional deficiencies (e.g. copper and pyridoxine deficiency). Inherited forms usually appear in childhood whereas acquired forms usually occur in adulthood.
Aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva: A rare form of aortic aneurysm that occurs in the sinus of Valsalva. An aneurysm is a thinning and bulging of a blood vessel wall. The condition is generally asymptomatic unless it burst and causes life-threatening complications including heart failure. An unruptured aneurysm may affect the blood flow (causing palpitations and syncope) as the bulge pushes against surrounding structures.
Angelman-Like Syndrome, X-linked: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by mental retardation, mutism, facial anomalies, epilepsy and weak eye muscles. Males tended to have severe mental retardation whereas female carriers had mild or no mental retardation. Patients do eventually walk but then often lose this ability by the age of 10 years. Female carriers tend to have mild symptoms and males have severe symptoms - symptoms are variable to some degree.
Angina: Angina is a particular type of pain related to heart conditions
Angina pectoris: severe chest pain due to ischemia
Anginophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of angina, choking or narrowness of the throat.
Angioedema: oedema of the skin, mucous and submucous tissues of the body
Angiofollicular ganglionic hyperplasia: A rare disorder characterized by a localized overgrowth of lymph node tissue which can form a benign tumor-like growth. The symptoms are determined by the location and number of growths. There are two types of the disease: hyaline-vascular type or the plasma cell type which tends to have more severe symptoms.
Angiofollicular ganglionic hyperplasia -- hyaline-vascular type: A rare disorder characterized by a localized overgrowth of lymph node tissue which can form a benign tumor-like growth. There are two types of the disease: hyaline-vascular type or the plasma cell type which tends to have more severe symptoms. The hyaline-vascular type is usually asymptomatic but symptoms can be determined by the location and number of growths and the effect it can have on nearby tissue by pushing against it - e.g. squashing blood vessels.
Angiofollicular lymph hyperplasia: A rare disorder of the lymph system characterized by the development of benign tumors in lymph tissue anywhere in the body.
Angiokeratoma -- mental retardation -- coarse face: A rare inherited genetic syndrome characterized by mental retardation, coarse facial features and capillary hemangiomas.
Angioneurotic Edema: Involves swelling of deep skin layers and fatty tissues under the skin as well as the mucous membrane. The condition involves recurrent swelling of tissues, abdominal pain and swelling of the voice box. It is often caused by an allergic reaction to drugs or food. It is also called Quincke's disease, giant urticaria, Quincke's edema or angioedema.
Angiosarcoma: A rare, aggressive malignant tumor of the blood vessel cells. Also called hemangiosarcoma, malignant hemangioendothelioma.
Anglophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of England or the English.
Angular cheilitis: This is an inflammation with maceration, exudation and fissure formation at the labial commissures
Animal allergy: An animal allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to animals such as cats. The allergy is usually associated with the skin, saliva or urine of the animal. Animals frequently lick themselves which results in saliva sticking to the fur. Thus a person allergic to animals will often react to the fur even if it is not attached to the animal. Frequent washing of the animal may reduce symptoms. The body's immune system produces immunoglobulin E (IgE - an antibody) and histamine in response to contact with the allergen. The specific symptoms that can result can vary considerably amongst patients e.g. skin and respiratory symptoms.
Aniridia -- renal agenesis -- psychomotor retardation: A rare genetic disorder characterized by missing irises of the eye, kidney developmental problems and mental retardation.
Anisocytosis: Abnormal variations in the size of red blood cells.
Ankylophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of stiff or immobile joints.
Ankylosing spondylarthritis: Inflammation of one or more spine joints. The spine becomes progressively painful and stiff and the spine joints may eventually fuse and cause disability. The condition may vary from mild to severe. Inflammation can affect other joints and tissues.
Ankylosis -- facial anomalies -- pulmonary hypoplasia syndrome: A rare familial syndrome characterized mainly by fused or stiff joints, facial anomalies and underdeveloped lungs.
Ankylostomiasis: A parasitic intestinal infection caused by a hookworm called Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus. Infection usually occurs when larva enter a break in the skin and then travel throughout the body until the reach the intestines.
Anophthalmia cleft lip palate hypothalamic disorder: A very rare inherited disorder characterized by one missing eye and one very small eye, cleft lip, cleft palate and high levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone.
Anophthalmia with pulmonary hypoplasia: A rare disorder characterized by absent or very small eyes and underdeveloped lung tissue.
Anophthalmos with limb anomalies: A rare disorder characterized by absent eyes
Anorexia Nervosa: A disorder where a distorted sense of body image leads to self-starvation to the point of death in some cases.
Anosmia: A loss of or lack of a sense of smell.
Anoxemia: Lack of oxygen in the blood.
Anterior epistaxis: Anterior epistaxis is a nosebleed that originates in forward two thirds of the nose.
Anteverted nostrils: Anteverted nostrils are nostrils that are rotated in a forward postion.
Anthophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of flowers.
Anthracosis: An often asymptomatic chronic lung disease caused by inhaling coal tust which then deposits in the lungs. Also called black lung disease, coal worker's pneumoconiosis or miner's pneumoconiosis.
Anthrax: A serious infectious bacterial disease that can be fatal.
Anthropophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of people and groups of people.
Anthurium poisoning: Anthuriums have dark, glossy, heart-shaped leaves with glossy, heart-shaped flowers which can be red, white or other colors. The plant contains calcium oxalate crystals which an cause severe mouth pain if eaten. Large amounts would need to be eaten to cause poisoning. Eye and skin irritation can also occur on exposure to the plant.
Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody-mediated disease: A kidney disorder involving varying degrees of kidney impairment. Severe cases lead to kidney failure whereas mild cases have normal kidney function.
Antihypertensive drug allergy: Taking antihypertensive drugs (blood pressure-lowering drugs) can cause an allergic response in some people however this is considered rare. It involves the body's immune system overreacting to the drug. The type and severity of symptoms can vary considerable though skin symptoms are the most common allergic response to drugs.
Antiphospholipid syndrome: An autoimmune disorder characterized by blood clots and pregnancy losses.
Antisynthetase syndrome: A rare autoimmune disease that affects the muscles. It involves the development of antibodies to an enzyme (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase) which is involved in making proteins.
Antithrombin Deficiency: Antithrombin deficiency refers the deficiency or impaired activity of a substance that inactivates enzymes involved in blood coagulation. Antithrombin prevents the blood from clotting too readily and if its activity is impaired then the blood becomes more prone to clotting which can result in severe problems. Severity of the condition can vary amongst patients and the symptoms can vary considerably depending on the location of blood clots and size of the blood clot.
Antithrombin Deficiency, type I: Type I Antithrombin deficiency refers the deficiency of a substance that inactivates enzymes involved in blood coagulation. Antithrombin prevents the blood from clotting too readily and if there are insufficient quantities of it then the blood becomes more prone to clotting which can result in severe problems. Severity of the condition can vary amongst patients and the symptoms can vary considerably depending on the location of blood clots and size of the blood clot. Type I may be inherited or acquired through such things as kidney or liver disease. Acquired cases tend to have a lower risk of blood clots compared to inherited cases.
Antithrombin Deficiency, type II: Type II Antithrombin deficiency refers the malfunction of a substance that inactivates enzymes involved in blood coagulation. Antithrombin prevents the blood from clotting too readily and if it is unable to function properly then the blood becomes more prone to clotting which can result in severe problems. Severity of the condition can vary amongst patients and the symptoms can vary considerably depending on the location of blood clots and size of the blood clot. Type II is an inherited condition.
Antithrombin III deficiency, congenital: A rare blood disorder where a congenital deficiency of antithrombin III causes excessive blood coagulation which results in blood clot formation.
Antley-Bixler Syndrome: A rare genetic disorder characterized by premature closing of skull bones, choanal atresia and craniofacial and limb abnormalities.
Antley-Bixler-like syndrome -- ambiguous genitalia -- disordered steroidogenesis: A rare genetic disorder involving a deficiency of an enzyme (cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase) which causes steroid abnormalities. The condition results in ambiguous genitalia in females due to excessive androgen during fetal growth. Patients can also have the bone symptoms of Antley-Bixler syndrome.
Antlophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of floods.
Antrochoanal polyp:
Anxiety: Excessive worry, anxiety, or fear.
Anxiety disorder: A mental condition that is characterized by anxiety and avoidance behaviours
Aorta conditions: Conditions that affect the aorta
Aorta-pulmonary artery fistula: An abnormal opening or connection between the aorta and the main pulmonary artery. It can occur through a traumatic penetrating injury or may be a complication of surgery. Severe cases can lead to heart failure.
Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic: Bulging and weakness of the aorta in the area of the chest. The condition is life-threatening as death can occur rapidly if the aneurysm bursts.
Aortic Valve Insufficiency: A heart valve disorder where the heart valve is unable to close completely which causes a backflow of some of the blood from the aorta. The condition can be caused by such things as systemic lupus erythematosus, endocarditis, high blood pressure, Marfan's syndrome and aortic dissection.
Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 1: A rare familial disorder where the aorta has a weak, bulging portion. The condition is asymptomatic but can result in death if it bursts. Type 1 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 11q23.3-q24.
Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 2: A rare familial disorder where the aorta has a weak, bulging portion. The condition is asymptomatic but can result in death if it bursts. Type 2 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 5q13-q14.
Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 3: A rare familial disorder where the aorta has a weak, bulging portion. The condition is asymptomatic but can result in death if it bursts. Type 3 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 3p22.
Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 4: A rare familial disorder where the aorta has a weak, bulging portion. The condition is asymptomatic but can result in death if it bursts. Type 4 also involves another heart defect (patent ductus arteriosus) and is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 16p13.13-p13.12.
Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 5: A rare familial disorder where the aorta has a weak, bulging portion. The condition is asymptomatic but can result in death if it bursts. Type 5 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 9q33-q34.
Aortic arch anomaly with peculiar facies and mental retardation: A very rare syndrome characterized by mental retardation, characteristic facial anomalies and abnormal position of the aorta.
Aortic arches defect: A defect in the top part of the aorta (aortic arch) that consists of several arterial branches. There is a variety of defects that can occur and symptoms will be determined by the particular defect involved. Possible types of defects includes aortic coarctation and aortic arch hypoplasia.
Aortic coarctation: A rare inherited birth defect where the heart blood vessel called the aorta has a narrowed area which affects blood flow. The degree of constriction is variable which mild cases asymptomatic until adulthood. The poor blood flow to the lower body gives results in it appearing less developed than that upper body.
Aortic dissection: A tear in the inner layer of the aorta (major artery in the body) which allows blood to escape into outer layers of the artery.
Aortic stenosis: A condition which affects the aortic valve of the heart resulting in stenosis of the valve.
Aortic valve disease: Disease of the heart's aortic valve
Aortic valve incompetence: A condition characterized by an inability of the aortic valve to function effectively
Aortic valve stenosis: A congenital condition involving a malformation of the valve that controls the blood flow of the main heart vessel (aorta). The valve doesn't open enough to allow sufficient blood to flow through the aorta which reduces the supply of oxygenated blood to the body.
Aortic valves stenosis of the child: A birth defect where the aortic valve is abnormally narrow or unable to fully open. Depending on the degree of narrowing, the symptoms may range from severe to asymptomatic.
Apeirophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of infinity.
Apert syndrome: A rare condition characterized by abnormalities in the appearance of the face and head as well as finger and toe abnormalities. The bones of the skull fuse together too early which prevents it from growing normally. Various toes and fingers may be fused together.
Aphalangy -- hemivertebrae -- urogenital-intestinal dysgenesis: A rare congenital disorder characterized by missing fingers and toes, abnormal vertebrae and various malformations of the organs.
Aphthous Ulcer: Small area of erosion in the mucosa of the mouth and tongue causing a painful, shallow lesion.
Apiophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of bees.
Aplastic anemia: A blood disorder where the bone marrow produces insufficient new blood cells.
Apnea: Periods of absence of breathing

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