Glossary for Upper Respiratory Infection

• Acute Appendicitis: Infection of the appendix
• Acute Bronchitis: Respiratory inflammation of the bronchi leading to the lungs
• Acute upper respiratory infection: Upper respiratory tract infections, are the illnesses caused by an acute infection which involves the upper respiratory tract: nose, sinuses, pharynx or larynx
• Adenoviridae Infections: Infection with a virus from the Adenoviridae family. The most common sites for infection are membrane linings such as the intestines, respiratory and urinary tract and the eyes. The infection may result in a range of symptoms depending on the particular virus involved. Transmission usually occurs through breathing in the germs or through fecal-oral contact. The infection is contagious.
• Adenovirus infection in immunocompromised patients: Infection with a virus from the Adenoviridae family that occurs in a patient with a weakened immune system. The infection in these people is serious and can be fatal. The infection may result in a range of symptoms depending on the particular virus involved. Transmission usually occurs through breathing in the germs or through fecal-oral contact.
• Allergic rhinitis: Allergic rhinitis involves inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose, eyes, eustachian tubes, middle ear, sinuses, and pharynx.
• Asthma: Repeated attacks of breathing difficulty.
• Bornholm disease: Contagious viral infection
• Bronchiolitis: Inflammation of the bronchioles.
• Bronchitis: Bronchitis is an inflammation of the air passages within the lungs. It occurs when the trachea and the large and small bronchi within the lungs become inflamed
• Cervical lymphadenopathy: The enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes
• Common cold: A cold is a relatively minor contagious infection of the nose and throat that can be caused by a number of different viruses (e.g. rhinoviruses, coronaviruses). There are over 200 different viruses that have the potential to cause the common cold. Although colds can cause discomfort they are not considered a serious condition.
• Conditions involving a pathogen: Medical conditions involving some type of pathogen, such as a virus or bacteria.
• Cough: The noise produced from the sudden expulsion of air from the lungs
• Diphtheria: Infectious bacterial respiratory disease
• Diseases contagious from droplets: Diseases that can be contracted from droplets
• Diseases contagious from saliva: Diseases that can be contracted from saliva
• Fever: Elevation of the body temperature above the normal 37 degrees celsius
• Flu: Very common viral respiratory infection.
• Flu-like conditions: Medical conditions similar to flu, or exhibition flu-like symptoms.
• Headache: In medicine a headache or cephalalgia is a symptom of a number of different conditions of the head and sometimes neck. Some of the causes are benign while others are medical emergencies. It ranks among the most common pain complaints
• Hyper-IGM syndrome, autosomal recessive: A rare, recessively inherited immune deficiency disorder which causes frequent bacterial infections. The recessive from affects males and females.
• Ipratropium -- Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Ipratropium during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Laryngitis: Laryngitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the larynx which is located in the upper part of the respiratory tract.
• Measles: Once common viral infection now rare due to vaccination.
• Middle ear infection: Infection of middle ear also called otitis media.
• Mononucleosis: Common infectious virus.
• Parainfluenza: Milder influenza-like infection
• Pharyngitis: Inflammation or infection of the larynx in the throat
• Pleurisy: Inflammation of the pleural membrane
• Pneumococcus: Bacteria causing ear infections, pneumococcal pneumonia, and pneumococcal meningitis.
• Pneumonia: Infection of the lung by bacteria, viruses or fungus.
• Respiratory conditions: Any condition that affects the respiratory system
• Respiratory syncytial virus: Viral respiratory infection serious in young infants.
• Reye's Syndrome: A syndrome in children recovering from infection and associated with aspirin.
• Rhinovirus: A class of viruses commonly causing the common cold.
• Rotavirus: Diarrhea-causing virus in infants.
• Runny nose: Rhinitis is the medical term describing irritation and inflammation of some internal areas of the nose
• Sinusitis: Sinusitis is an inflammation of the paranasal sinuses.
• Sore throat: Discomfort in the throat or with swallowing
• Stuffed nose: Blockage to the nose often from runny nose
• Tuberculosis: Bacterial infection causing nodules forming, most commonly in the lung.
• Type A influenza subtype H1: The H1 subtype of influenza is a strain of the type A influenza virus that can cause cause serious illness and result in pandemics. Influenza is viral respiratory infection. The virus is very contagious and can cause severe illness especially in patients who are very young or old or have some other medical condition as well. The severity of symptoms can vary but usually involves respiratory and constitutional (e.g. headache, aching muscles) symptoms. The influenza virus can mutate and produce different strains though the symptoms are the same. This frequent mutation means that people need regular vaccinations to ensure they are protected against new strains as they arise.
• Wegener's granulomatosis: A rare disease involving blood vessel inflammation which can affect the blood flow to various tissues and organs and hence cause damage. The respiratory system and the kidneys are the main systems affected.
• Whooping Cough: An infectious condition caused by the bacteria Bordetella pertussis

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